200418214 五、發明說明（1) 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種充電控制電路，特別係關於一種用 於對二次電池進行脈衝充電的充電控制電路。 【先前技術】 鋰離子電池等二次電池的充電一般是以恆定電流與恒 _ 定電壓來進行的。採用該充電方法，從充電開始直到二次 電池的電池電壓達到規定值（恒定電壓控制電壓）進行的 ' 是恆定電流充電，電池電壓達到規定值以後以恒定電壓控 制電壓進行的是恒定電壓充電。 在這樣一般的恆定電流與恒定電壓充電方法中，恆定 電流充電在比較短的時間（例如，3 0分鐘）内就結束（充 電率9 0% )。然而，恒定電壓充電則需要恆定電流充電所 需要的時間的很多倍（例如，3個小時；充電率9 5 %以 上）。這是因為隨著二次電池接近滿充電狀態、流向二次 電池的充電電流就減少，僅為了使充電率上升需要很長的 時間。另外，考慮到因二次電池的内部電阻導致的電壓降 低，通過恒定電壓充電的充電時間設定得很長。 因此，在一般的恒定電流與恒定電壓方法中，存在的 問題是二次電池達到滿充電狀態需要很長的時間。 為了解決該問題，雖然可以增大在進行恆定電流充電 0 之際的充電電流，然而充電電流一增大會招致二次電池性 能的劣化。因此，作為不會招致二次電池性能的劣化且能 夠以更大的電流進行充電的充電方法已知的有脈衝充電 _ (例如，參照專利文獻卜日本特開2 0 0 1 - 1 6 9 4 7 4號公報，200418214 V. Description of the invention (1) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a charging control circuit, and more particularly, to a charging control circuit for pulse charging of a secondary battery. [Prior art] Charging of secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries is generally performed with a constant current and a constant voltage. With this charging method, the charge from the start of charging until the battery voltage of the secondary battery reaches a predetermined value (constant voltage control voltage) is a constant current charge. After the battery voltage reaches a specified value, the constant voltage control voltage is used for constant voltage charge. In such a general constant current and constant voltage charging method, constant current charging ends in a relatively short time (for example, 30 minutes) (charge rate is 90%). However, constant voltage charging requires many times the time required for constant current charging (for example, 3 hours; charging rate is 95% or more). This is because as the secondary battery approaches a fully charged state, the charging current flowing to the secondary battery decreases, and it only takes a long time to increase the charging rate. In addition, in consideration of the voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the secondary battery, the charging time for charging with a constant voltage is set to be long. Therefore, in a general constant current and constant voltage method, there is a problem that it takes a long time for the secondary battery to reach a fully charged state. In order to solve this problem, although the charging current at the time of constant current charging 0 can be increased, an increase in the charging current causes deterioration in the performance of the secondary battery. Therefore, pulse charging is known as a charging method that does not cause deterioration in the performance of the secondary battery and can be charged at a higher current. (For example, refer to Patent Documents, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 1-1 6 9 4 7 Bulletin 4
第6頁 200418214 五、發明說明（2) 0 0 0 2 - 0 0 0 3 1) ° 脈衝充電，如第1圖實線所示，是將一定大小的充電 電流脈衝式地（週期地，在這裏以2秒的週期）供給二次 電池的充電方法。以脈衝充電的方式供應充電電流，由於 能夠使用超過二次電池相關規定的最大充電電流的大電 流，所以能夠以短時間對二次電池充電。 另外，在脈衝充電中，電池電壓如第1圖的虛線所 * 示，因充電電流的供給而上升，停止供給而下降，便如此 這樣反復來回而逐漸上升。在該充電方法中，在停止充電 電流的供給起規定的時間後（在這裏，0 · 5秒後），電池 ^ 電壓達到滿充電電壓（在這裏為4. 2V)以上時，充電就結 束。並且，在該充電方法中，由於不需要進行恒定電壓充 電，所以能夠以短時間對二次電池充電。 如上所述，現有的一般的恆定電流與恒定電壓充電方 法中，具有充電時間長的問題。另外，脈衝充電與一般的 恆定電流與恒定電壓方法相比，雖能縮短充電時間，然而 還希望能進一步縮短。 【發明内容】 本發明的目的是提供一種能以更短的時間對鋰離子電 池等二次電池進行脈衝充電的充電控制電路。 ¥ 採用本發明，能夠得到一種充電控制電路，其特徵在 於：備有，用於向二次電池4 0供給恆定電流的恆定電流電 路21 ;用於將該恆定電流電路21與上述二次電池40之間進 . 行電連接/切斷的開關（SW1 );用於反復控制上述開關Page 6 200418214 V. Description of the invention (2) 0 0 0 2-0 0 0 3 1) ° Pulse charging, as shown by the solid line in Figure 1, pulses a certain amount of charging current (cyclically, at Here, a method of charging the secondary battery is provided at a period of 2 seconds. The charging current is supplied by pulse charging. Since a large current exceeding the maximum charging current specified for the secondary battery can be used, the secondary battery can be charged in a short time. In pulse charging, the battery voltage rises as indicated by the dashed line in Fig. 1 due to the supply of the charging current, and decreases when the supply is stopped. This repeatedly increases the battery voltage repeatedly. In this charging method, when the supply of the charging current is stopped for a predetermined time (here, 0.5 seconds later), when the battery voltage reaches the full charge voltage (here, 4.2V), charging ends. In addition, in this charging method, since constant voltage charging is not required, the secondary battery can be charged in a short time. As described above, the conventional general constant current and constant voltage charging methods have a problem of long charging time. In addition, pulse charging can shorten the charging time compared with the conventional constant current and constant voltage method, but it is also desired to further shorten the charging time. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a charging control circuit capable of pulse charging a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery in a shorter time. Using the present invention, a charge control circuit can be obtained, which is characterized by having a constant current circuit 21 for supplying a constant current to the secondary battery 40 and a constant current circuit 21 for the secondary battery 40 Switch between switches for electrical connection / disconnection (SW1); for repeatedly controlling the above switches
第7頁 200418214 五、發明說明（3) (SW1 )的開/閉 供給脈衝電流 制電路（22， 使上述脈衝電 具體地說 生規定週期與 路2 3，根據上 脈衝電流的脈 另外，上 生表示上述電 大器2 2 ;比較 壓、根據比較 還有，上 的，對本發明 【實施方式】 以下，參 第2圖表^ 2〇。該充電控 電池）40之間 充電控制 錯誤放大器2 2 測電路2 5。 而從上 的開關 23，24 流的脈 ，上述 規定振 述三角 衝寬度 述開關 池電壓 該錯誤 結果使 述括弧 並不做 述怪定電流電路21 控制電路（22，23 )根據上述二次電 衝寬度變化。 開關控制電路（2 2 幅的二角波脈衝電 波脈衝電壓和上述 變化。 控制電路（2 2，2 3 和基準電壓之差的 放大器2 2的輸出電 上述開關（SW1 )開/ 内的符號是為了易 任何限定。 向上述二次電池4 0 -24)，該開關控 池40的電池電壓而 ，23，24 )含有產 壓的三角波發生電 電池電壓來使上述 ，2 4 )還備有，產 輸出電壓的錯誤放 壓和上述電池電 閉的比較器2 4。 於理解本發明而加 照附圖就本發明的實施例進行詳細的說明。 、的疋本發明的一個實施例的充電控制電路 制電路2 0介於電源3 0和二次電池（如鋰離子 ’控制二次電池4〇的充電。 電路2 0備有：恒定電流電路2 1、開關$ ^ 1、 二角波發生電路2 3，比較器2 4、及電壓檢 小亙定雷、& 办 士 ^ t路21被連接在電源30上，使由電源30供 、、口甩/瓜成為恆定電流。Page 7 200418214 V. Explanation of the invention (3) (SW1) The on / off supply pulse current control circuit (22) makes the above-mentioned pulse electricity generate a specific cycle and circuit 2 3, according to the pulse of the upper pulse current, in addition, the above The above-mentioned electric amplifier 2 2 is shown; the comparison voltage, according to the comparison, and the above, for the present invention [Embodiment] The following, refer to the second chart ^ 20. The charge control battery) 40 charge control error amplifier 2 2测 电路 2 5. The test circuit 2 5. And from the pulses of the switches 23, 24 above, the above-mentioned stipulation oscillates the triangular punch width and the switching cell voltage. This error result makes the brackets do not make the strange current circuit 21. The control circuit (22, 23) Punch width changes. Switching control circuit (2 2 amplitude pulse wave voltage and the above-mentioned changes. The output of the control circuit (2 2, 2 3 and the reference voltage difference amplifier 2 2 is the on / off symbol of the above switch (SW1) is In order to facilitate any limitation, the above-mentioned secondary battery 4 0 -24), the battery voltage of the switch-controlled battery 40, and 23, 24) contains a triangle wave generating voltage to generate the battery voltage to make the above, 2 4), The comparator 2 4 generates the wrong output voltage of the output voltage and the battery is electrically closed. In order to understand the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The charging control circuit system 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention is between a power source 30 and a secondary battery (such as a lithium ion 'to control the charging of the secondary battery 40. The circuit 20 is provided with a constant current circuit 2 1. Switch $ ^ 1. Diagonal wave generating circuit 2 3, comparator 2 4 and voltage detection circuit 亘 Ding Lei, & ^ ^ Road 21 is connected to the power supply 30, so that the power supply 30, Guzzle / melon becomes a constant current.
第8頁 200418214 五、發明說明（4) 開關SW1被連接在恆定電流電路2丨和二次電池4 〇之 間’使它們之間電連接或切斷。 錯誤放大為2 2由差動放大器和電阻所組成，根據被輪 入在反轉輸入琿的二次電池4 〇的電池電壓與被輸入在非^ 轉輸入埠的基準電壓之差來產生輸出電壓。 一角波發生電路2 3產生規定週期的三角波脈衝電壓。 另外，產生同週期的同步脈衝。 比較器24其反轉輸入埠上連接有錯誤放大器22的輸出 埠，在非反轉輸入埠上連接有三角波發生電路23。比較器 24比車乂錯5吳放大器22的輪出電壓與來自三角波發生電路23 的三角波脈衝電壓，根據該比較結果產生 SW1的開關控制信號。 刺開關 電壓檢測電路25被連接在開關SW1的控一 池40及三角波發峰雷故μ l 兩广、、 ^ 一-人逼 波發生雷玖二 。電壓檢測電路2 5與來自三角 η電路的同步脈衝同步，檢測n也4〇的電池電 &，在檢測出的電壓在規定電壓（滿 電 池的場合為4 2V)以 兩兄電電壓，鋰離子電 號。 ”. 守，產生使開關SW1切斷的控制信 錯誤放大器22、三角波發生雷 檢測電路2 51作τΤή Α ^ 比較器2 4及電壓 =路25協R工作而作為開關控制電 工作 下面，除第2圖外還參照第3圖：揮作用。 。 币固Λ明電壓檢測電路25的 錯誤放大菇2 2輸出與二次電池4 〇的 ^ 輸出電壓。例如，電池電壓伴 '電壓相應的的 思者充電如第3目（a)所示 200418214 五、發明說明（5) 那樣變化時，錯誤放大器2 2產生冰 示的輸出電壓。 力弟3圖（b)令的曲線所 1 一方面，三角波發生電路23產生如第3圖（b) 那樣的規定週期、規定振幅的三角波脈衝電壓。（）所- 出的誤放大器22的輸出及三角波發生電路23的輪 :如第3圖（C)所示，在錯誤放大器22的輪 放：琴22 脈衝電壓更高的場合輸出高電®，在錯誤 低雷g ^ q電壓比等於或低於三角波脈衝電壓時輪出 * 圖可以很容易地理解，比較器24的輸出根 外一:脈衝電壓的週期而反復輸出高電M/低電壓。另又 :二Ϊ =輸出，電池電壓低時使比較器24的高電壓 ’ ^ 、電池電壓鬲時使低電壓期間變長。該比_哭 4 m為，開關控制信號被供給開關swi的控制淳。口口 電厂足比較器24的輸出為高電壓時開啟，為低 的、ΐ:而番卢、’且’開關別1的開/關隨著三角波脈衝電壓 二：：是。電池電壓低時，㈣的期間變長，電池電壓 鬲時，關的期間變長。 私电& 恆定電流電路2 1限制你蕾 電流在規定值以下“4 == °的充電 電池4。供給規定大小期間向二:欠 衝充電。 J电級脈衝。並且，二次電池40被脈 κ如i:述、:ΐ較器24的輪出的高電壓期間依賴於電池 二廢。因此，流在二次電池的充電電流也依 墨，電池電壓低時具有高的負載比，電池電壓高時具有低Page 8 200418214 V. Description of the invention (4) The switch SW1 is connected between the constant current circuit 2 丨 and the secondary battery 4 ′ to make them electrically connected or cut off. The error amplification is composed of a differential amplifier and a resistor, and the output voltage is generated based on the difference between the battery voltage of the secondary battery 4 which is rotated in the reverse input 珲 and the reference voltage input to the non- ^ input port. . The angular wave generating circuit 23 generates a triangular wave pulse voltage with a predetermined period. In addition, synchronization pulses of the same period are generated. The comparator 24 has an inverting input port connected to an output port of the error amplifier 22, and a non-inverting input port to a triangle wave generating circuit 23. The comparator 24 compares the wheel output voltage of the car amplifier 5 and the amplifier 22 with the triangle wave pulse voltage from the triangle wave generating circuit 23, and generates a switch control signal of SW1 according to the comparison result. The stab switch voltage detection circuit 25 is connected to the control cell 40 of the switch SW1 and the peak of the triangular wave. Therefore, the two waves from Guangdong, Guangdong, and Taiwan are generated. The voltage detection circuit 25 is synchronized with the synchronization pulse from the triangle η circuit, and detects the battery power of n and 40. The detected voltage is at a predetermined voltage (4 2V when the battery is full). Ionic electric number. The control amplifier generates the control signal error amplifier 22 that turns off the switch SW1, the triangular wave generation lightning detection circuit 2 51 as τΤΑ ^ comparator 24, and voltage = circuit 25, and R works as a switch control electrical operation. In addition to Figure 2, please refer to Figure 3: Volatility. The coin-amplified voltage detection circuit 25 error-amplifies the output voltage of 2 and the output voltage of the secondary battery 40. For example, the battery voltage accompanies the voltage corresponding to the voltage. When the user charges as shown in item 3 (a) 200418214 5. When the invention description (5) changes, the error amplifier 22 generates the output voltage shown on the ice. Figure 3 (b) of the order curve of Lidi 3 On the one hand, the triangle wave The generating circuit 23 generates a triangular wave pulse voltage of a predetermined period and a predetermined amplitude as shown in FIG. 3 (b). The output of the error amplifier 22 and the round of the triangular wave generating circuit 23 shown in () are as shown in FIG. 3 (C). It shows that when the error amplifier 22's wheel amplifier: Qin 22 has a higher pulse voltage, it outputs high power ®. When the error low lightning g ^ q voltage ratio is equal to or lower than the triangular wave pulse voltage, the figure can be easily understood. The output of comparator 24 is one outside: The cycle of the pulse voltage repeatedly outputs high voltage M / low voltage. Another is: 2Ϊ = output, when the battery voltage is low, the comparator 24 will have a high voltage '^, and when the battery voltage is 鬲, the low voltage period will be longer. This ratio _ For 4 m, the switch control signal is supplied to the control of the switch swi. The output of the foot comparator 24 of Koukou Power Plant is turned on when the voltage is high, which is low. / Off With the triangle wave pulse voltage 2: Yes: When the battery voltage is low, the period of time becomes longer, and when the battery voltage is low, the period of time becomes longer. Private & The following "4 == ° rechargeable battery 4. During the specified period, charge to two: undercharge. J electrical level pulse. In addition, the secondary battery 40 depends on the secondary battery waste during the high-voltage period that the pulses of the secondary battery 40 are rotated. Therefore, the charging current flowing in the secondary battery also depends on the load ratio when the battery voltage is low, and low when the battery voltage is high.
第10頁 200418214 五、發明說明（6) 的負載比。 假如適當地設定三角波發生電路2 3產生的三角波脈衝 電壓的週期與振幅的話，如第4圖所示，在充電初期幾乎 能夠與恆定電流充電相同地進行充電。與現有的週期一定 的脈衝充電相比能夠以更短的時間結束充電。 電壓檢測電路25回應與三角波發生電路23同步的同步 脈衝，檢測電池電壓。並且，電壓檢測電路2 5在開關SW1 ’ 切斷的狀態檢測電池電壓。檢測出的電池電壓比滿充電電 壓更高時，電壓檢測電路判斷充電結束而使開關SW1切 斷。 ，鬌 以上，雖就本發明的一個實施例進行了說明，但是本 發明並不局限於本實施例。例如，在上述實施例中，隨著 接近滿充電狀態，雖使充電電流的脈衝寬度變窄，但也可 以設置將錯誤放大器2 2的輸出保持在規定值以上的限幅 器，從而使充電電流的脈衝寬度不回到規定寬度以下。 採用本發明，通過使充電電流脈衝的寬度根據電池電 壓而變化，能夠以更短的時間對二次電池進行脈衝充電。 另外，通過利用一定週期的三角波脈衝，不會產生伴 隨著週期變動的噪音。 所述者，僅為本發明其中的較佳實施例而已，並非用 來限定本發明的實施範圍；即凡依本發明申請專利範圍所 作的均等變化與修飾，皆為本發明專利範圍所涵蓋。Page 10 200418214 V. Load ratio of invention description (6). If the period and amplitude of the triangular wave pulse voltage generated by the triangular wave generating circuit 23 are appropriately set, as shown in Fig. 4, the charging can be performed almost in the same manner as the constant current charging in the initial stage of charging. The charging can be completed in a shorter time than the conventional pulse charging with a fixed cycle. The voltage detection circuit 25 detects a battery voltage in response to a synchronization pulse synchronized with the triangle wave generating circuit 23. The voltage detection circuit 25 detects the battery voltage when the switch SW1 'is turned off. When the detected battery voltage is higher than the full charge voltage, the voltage detection circuit judges that charging is complete and turns off the switch SW1. In the above, although an embodiment of the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the pulse width of the charging current is narrowed as it approaches the full charge state, a limiter may be provided to keep the output of the error amplifier 22 above a predetermined value, so that the charging current The pulse width does not return below the specified width. According to the present invention, the secondary battery can be pulse-charged in a shorter time by changing the width of the charging current pulse according to the battery voltage. In addition, by using a triangular wave pulse with a certain period, noise accompanying the period fluctuation is not generated. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; that is, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of patent application for the present invention are covered by the scope of patent of the present invention.
第11頁 200418214 圖式簡單說明 第1圖是表示以習知的脈衝充電方式的電池電壓及充電電 流隨時間變化的曲線圖。 第2圖是本發明的一個實施例的充電控制電路的方塊圖。 第3圖是第2圖的充電控制電路的各部分的輸出的時間圖 表。 第4圖是表示用第2圖的充電控制電路進行充電時的電池電 壓及充電電流隨時間變化的曲線圖。 【圖式符號說明】 20 充 電 控 制 電 路 21 十亙 定 電 流 電 路 22 錯 誤 放 大 器 23 •---- 角 波 發 生 電路 24 比 較 器 25 電 壓 檢 測 電 路 30 電 源 40 次 電 池 1%Page 11 200418214 Brief Description of Drawings Figure 1 is a graph showing the change in battery voltage and charging current with time in the conventional pulse charging method. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a charge control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a timing chart of the output of each part of the charge control circuit of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a graph showing changes in battery voltage and charging current with time when charging is performed by the charge control circuit of Fig. 2; [Illustration of symbolic symbols] 20 control circuit for charging 21 21 constant current circuit 22 error amplifier 23 • ---- angular wave generation circuit 24 comparator 25 voltage detection circuit 30 power source 40 times battery 1%
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