200403602 政、發明說明： t潑^明戶斤屬之^老3"冷貝遍^】 發明領域 概略言之本發明係有關一種互動式多重感測教學/學 5習系統用之電子教學/學習裝置。特別本發明係有關一種電 子教學/學習裝置其允許兒童或其它學生經由選擇裝置 上、或至少多頁書之各頁上、或其它活動式嵌入該裝置凹 陷區之列印張元件上的字或影像而激勵電子語音或聲音。 t ^ 10 發明背景 互動式電子早期學習裝置為眾所周知，多年來已經使 用作為教學輔助工具以及娛樂裝置。多種第一代「閱讀機 」裝置係使用卡片，卡片上有字及/或圖形列印其上。閱讀 機使用有軟體可映射各卡内容之微控制器。印刷於卡片上 I5的字或圖形係關聯儲存於記憶體之聲音或音效。使用者選 擇印刷於卡片上的字或圖形將由閱讀機發出相關音頻聲音 。典型關聯係要讓閱讀機以聽覺方式發騎刷於卡片上且 被選定的字或字母的發音。 20 大』刀帛代早期學習卡閱讀裝置係採用膜片開關面 板陣列。此《置係由触膜片具有印刷之電接點於基材 ，具有分開電接點以及某種類型之細小開放分隔器來維 上 持基材膜片分開直到膜片上的點被按壓為止。膜片開關係 排列成匹配^内容。卡片置_讀機上，制卡片識別 方法’讓_機了解何張卡片被放置於閱讀機上。卡片識 5 200403602 別方法包括光學卡之透過人為輸出的不同方法。常見卡片 或頁識別方法係藉按壓卡片上一獨特點而選擇置於閱讀機 上之卡或頁。印刷於卡片上之字、字母或圖形的選擇係強 制按壓選定之字、字母或圖形，來閉路位在該卡片下方之 5 膜片開關的接點而達成。然後微處理器經由於書籍讀取裝 置之殼體透過音頻輸出裝置（例如揚聲器）而產生音頻。曾經 發展出多種裝置其使用此種印刷字、字母或圖形關聯儲存 之音頻聲音槽案之基本技術。 某些情況下，各卡係分開使用或共同接合製作成一本 10 小書置於閱讀裝置上。用於膜片開關裝置，經過印刷之卡 片或書頁必須極薄且有撓性來讓按壓卡片或書頁的力傳遞 至位在書下方的膜片開關。 為了克服此項缺點，發展出新穎閱讀裝置，其使用手 持電子光筆指標筆，該筆發射電子信號至位在書下方之接 15 收感測器陣列。如此允許使用有較厚頁之較厚書。但筆裝 置之缺點為使用者通常是年齡極小的幼童，幼童必須接受 訓練來使用筆，但膜片開關設計使用的手指選擇法對目標 群而言較為直覺。 相信使用者友善裝置，設計更容易使用電子閱讀裝置 20 特別精準之基於手指内容選擇之電子閱讀裝置將顯著提升 習知電子閱讀輔助工具價值，透過有趣且參與性的遊戲， 更能讓兒童或學生快樂地沈浸於開放語言技巧。 C發明内容3 發明概要 方面，本發明為一種操作一互動電子教學/學習裝置 之方法，該裝置係組配成可接納具有預定方向性之列印張 產品於裝置上，該產品具有一種可選擇内容，該裝置包含 设體，其包括一平台，該平台係組配成當列印張產品係 於預定方向性時可接納該列印張產品，·一電子使用者介面 於該殼體，該電子使用者介面包括具有某種激勵範圍之使 用者回應位置感測II於平台上方，包括複數個個別感測器 ⑼成P車列於平台，以及控制電子裝置於該殼體，該控 制電子I置包括-記憶體’其中具有與該列印張產品之可 選擇内容關聯的指令、以及—控制器，其係與該電子使用 者/1面做電性通$，該控制II係組配成可根據記憶體之指 令至少執行各·作步驟，決定於位置❹彳器之激勵範圍 ^内之個選疋位置，辨識藉選擇器所做之可選擇内容的 選擇，以及發送-關聯該選擇之㈣給電子使用者介面； 種才木作4衣置之方法其中該決定步驟包含下列步驟··識 別複數個可能的使用者選定之感測器位置；以及選擇複數 個可能的使用者選定之❹⑼位置之—作為其選擇。 另方面，本發明為一種互動式電子教學/學習裝置， 其具有-平台’該平台具有一第一概略平面之使用者接觸 面復於-第-概略平面感測器上，第一感測器包括複數個 至少觸覺響應交互田比鄰之感測器組織成一種二維陣列，該 陣列係經由個別且分開的第一及第二組概略平行之個㈣ 線於平台上表面下方彼此橫向交叉所形成，其特徵為··一 射頻振號產生器，其循環絲合至個別第-組導線； 200403602 以及一同步偵測電路，其係以操作式耦合產生器以及耦合 第一組個別導線，來識別經過使用者激勵之該陣列的第一 組及第二組導線之個別交叉點。 圖式簡單說明 刖文摘要說明以及發明之具體實施例之實施方式當連 同附圖一起研讀時將更為明瞭。供舉例說明本發明之用， 附圖顯示目前較佳具體實_。但須了解本發明非僅園限 於所顯示之精確配置及手段。 附圖中： 10200403602 Description of government and invention: ^^^^^ 3 of the Ming family genus ^ Old3 " Lengbeibian ^] Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an interactive multi-sensor teaching / learning system for electronic teaching / learning. Device. In particular, the present invention relates to an e-learning / learning device that allows children or other students to select words or images on selected devices, or at least pages of a multi-page book, or other movable embedded elements on printed sheets in the recessed area of the device. And stimulate electronic voice or sound. t ^ 10 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Interactive electronic early learning devices are well known and have been used as teaching aids and entertainment devices for many years. Many first-generation "reader" devices used cards with characters and / or graphics printed on them. The reader uses a microcontroller with software that can map the contents of each card. The words or graphics printed on the card I5 are the sounds or sound effects stored in the memory. The words or graphics printed on the card selected by the user will be associated with audio sounds from the reader. A typical relationship is for the reader to audibly pronounce the selected word or letter on the card. The “Big 20” Dao Dai early learning card reading device uses a membrane switch panel array. This "placement" consists of the contact film with printed electrical contacts on the substrate, with separate electrical contacts and a type of small open separator to hold the substrate film apart until the points on the film are pressed . The film opening relationship is arranged to match the content. The card is placed on the reader, and the card identification method is used to let the machine know which card is placed on the reader. Card identification 5 200403602 Different methods include different methods of optical card through human output. A common card or page identification method is to select a card or page to be placed on a reader by pressing a unique point on the card. The selection of the characters, letters or graphics printed on the card is achieved by forcibly pressing the selected characters, letters or graphics to close the contacts of the 5 membrane switches located below the card. The microprocessor then generates audio through an audio output device (such as a speaker) through the housing of the book reading device. A variety of devices have been developed that use this type of printed audio, letter, or graphic associated audio sound slot basic technology. In some cases, the cards are used separately or joined together to make a 10-page book on a reading device. For a membrane switch device, the printed card or page must be extremely thin and flexible to allow the force pressing the card or page to be transmitted to the membrane switch located below the book. In order to overcome this shortcoming, a novel reading device has been developed, which uses a hand-held electronic light pen pointer pen that emits electronic signals to an array of receiving sensors located below the book. This allows the use of thicker books with thicker pages. However, the disadvantage of the pen device is that the user is usually a very young child, and the young child must be trained to use the pen. However, the finger selection method used in the diaphragm switch design is more intuitive for the target group. Believe in user-friendly devices and design easier to use e-reading devices. 20 Specially accurate e-reading devices based on finger content selection will significantly increase the value of familiar e-reading aids. Through fun and participatory games, children or students can be more Happily immerse yourself in open language skills. C Summary of the Invention 3 Summary of the Invention The present invention is a method for operating an interactive electronic teaching / learning device. The device is configured to accept printed products with a predetermined direction on the device. The product has a selectable content. The device includes a body, which includes a platform that is configured to accept the printed sheet product when the printed sheet product is in a predetermined directionality, an electronic user interface in the housing, and the electronic user The interface includes user response position sensing II with a certain range of excitation above the platform, including a plurality of individual sensors formed into a P-vehicle on the platform, and a control electronics device in the housing. The control electronics I includes: The 'memory' has instructions associated with the optional content of the printed sheet product, and a controller, which is electrically connected to the electronic user / 1 side, and the control II system is configured to be based on the memory The instructions at least perform each operation step, determine a selection position within the range of the positional device's excitation range, identify the selection of the selectable content made by the selector, and Sending-correlating the choice to the electronic user interface; the method of making a set of 4 clothes, where the decision step includes the following steps: · identifying a plurality of possible user-selected sensor locations; and selecting a plurality of possible locations The user selects one of the positions-as their choice. In another aspect, the present invention is an interactive e-learning / learning device having a platform, the platform having a first rough plane of the user interface on the first rough plane sensor, the first sensor A plurality of sensors including at least tactile-responsive interactive field neighbors are organized into a two-dimensional array, which is formed by individual and separated first and second sets of roughly parallel ridge lines crossing each other below the upper surface of the platform. It is characterized by a radio frequency generator that loops to individual groups of wires; 200403602 and a synchronous detection circuit that recognizes by operating the coupling generator and coupling the first group of individual wires Individual intersections of the first and second sets of wires of the array that are excited by the user. Brief description of the drawings The summary description of the scriptures and the specific embodiments of the invention will become clearer when read together with the drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present invention, the drawings show that the present invention is better and more concrete. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown. In the drawings: 10
第1圖為本發明之較佳具體實施例之頂視透視圖，顯示 電子教學/學習裝置於關閉位置； 第2圖為第!圖裝置上方部分附有一書敞開至二頁攤開 之頂視透視圖； 15 圖 第3圖為第1-2圖裝置於敞開位置但不含書之 頂視平面 第4圖為第1-3圖裝置之位置感測器之示意圖； f5圖為第^圖之裝置之電子裝置之示意圖； 弟6圖為第卜3圖之角隅部分之分解視圖， 感測器陣列之一之構造； 又又2 20 點陣列（或 第7圖為第圖之裝置之位置感測.器之交又 格柵）之示意頂視平面圖； —4:::覆蓋於第_装置之位置感測器部分上方之 曰孝曰邛分之示意圖； < 器輸出之並無人類接Figure 1 is a top perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the electronic teaching / learning device in the closed position; Figure 2 is a top view of the device with a book open to two pages spread out above the picture! Perspective view; Fig. 15 Fig. 3 is the top view of the device in Figs. 1-2 in an open position but does not include a book. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the position sensor of the device in Figs. 1-3; Schematic diagram of the electronic device of the device; Figure 6 is an exploded view of the corner section of Figure 3, the structure of one of the sensor arrays; and a 2 20-point array (or Figure 7 is the device of Figure 2) Position sensing. The intersection of the device and the grid) schematic top plan view; —4 ::: a schematic diagram covering the filial piety above the position sensor part of the _ device; < no output of the device Human access
料及由感測Data sensing
8 200403602 、及正《最小人類接觸信號之圖解 觸、正常最大人類接觸 剖面圖； 第12圖為難麵過程之流程圖； 第13圖為目前較佳振盈器之示意細節圖； 所示 第14圖為目前較佳行選擇器電路之示意細節圖； 、第15圖為提示交叉點感測器陣列連結至其它各圖 感測器電路之其它元件之示意細節圖； 第16圖為目前較佳列選擇器電路之示意細節圖； 10 第17圖為目前較佳列感測器電路之示意細節圖； 一第18圖為目前較佳同步偵測器、多工器及濾波器電路 之示意細節圖；以及 第19圖為目前較佳感測器控制器之示意細節圖。 【實施方式】 較佳實施例之詳細說明 15 電子教學/學㈣統包括玩具'電子互動式教學/學習裝 置、軟體、以及-或多本書或其它活動式列印平面元件例 如個別薄片、卡片、標線片等。軟體可儲存於-或多個輔 助處理卡E，該卡E係伴隨列印元件或於裝置丨⑼内部之記 憶體、或二者。當共同提供時，卡匿及列印元件匹配成對 20 且同時用於裝置。 芩照第Μ圖，顯示根據本發明之目前較佳具體實施例 之玩具、互動式電子教學/學習裝置之目前触具體實施例 (概略示為100)。電子學習裝置丨〇〇係組配成可單獨使用， 以及組配成接納書10或其它活動式列印平面元件。 9 200403602 裝置100特別可組配成互動式書閱讀機，其具有一感測 器，感測器可感應手指置於書10上且於裝置100之手指感測 器之激勵區以内時之手指所在位置。感測器激勵區較佳係 匹配可能置於裝置100上之書或其它列印張元件尺寸。裝置 5 100之較佳感測器可感應距離感測器平面表面至少約1/4口寸 距離之手指的存在。此種Z(高度）解析度將允許感測器透過 高達至少約1/4吋厚的書而偵測得手指的存在。感測器較佳 具有於平行於感測器平面之平面的X及y解析度夠精細而可 選擇列印於書10上之每個字或每個圖形印記或小圖幟。解 10 析度係基於感測器之交叉點數目，以及基於交叉點如何就 位置上對應於感測器上方表面之字或圖形、或印刷於書或 其它活動式平面元件（例如可用於裝置100之印刷片或標線 片）上之文字或圖形。 輔助處理卡匣146内部或裝置100本身内部之軟體含有 15 資訊可產生與書或其它活動印刷元件内部之圖形及印刷字 相關的、或相對於印刷於感測器上表面之字母、字或其它 圖形之音效（包括音樂和語音）或動作。字或圖形之X及y座標 以及字或圖形之對應音效或動作係映射至位在輔助處理卡 匣146或裝置100本身之記憶體。藉由單純觸摸而選擇任何 20 文字或圖形，將至少產生一種與特別被選定之文字或圖形 關聯之音頻輸出。此種資訊較佳係以逐頁架構被組織。裝 置100之使用者可使用印刷於裝置表面上之任何圖形而與 感測器直接互動，或使用者放置書10或其它列印張於感測 器表面上，且將該書之輔助處理卡匣146(若有所需）插入裝 10 200403602 置100之辅助卡槽144内部，透過列印物件1〇以及感測器而 與裝置互動。然後裝置100回應於手指難的任何字或圖形 而產生適當音頻輸出。此種開放架構允許無限種書及軟體 用於裝置100上。 5 參照第w圖，裝置1⑻有-殼體總成或簡稱為「殼體 」110，殼體110係組配成當書係於預定方向性時可接納書 10，殼體110有上、下、左、右各邊分別位於裝置⑽之上 、下、左、右各邊之近處。殼體110包含二概略平面平台， 亦即有一底112以及一蓋114藉鉸鏈18〇、182接合，以及有 10 一書女裝總成118、閂鎖220及手抓握處148。第一平台亦即 底112具有第-底凹部128其具有第一平坦之凹陷面13〇。底 凹部128係由凹陷緣132以及第一、第二及第三凹陷邊界側 壁134、136、138所界限。於表面13〇下方有個使用者回應 位置感測器’该感測器係呈分開但交叉之導線矩陣形式， 15組成第一交叉點感測器陣列142(容後詳述）。卡匣卡槽144 可設置於底112頂端供接納活動式r〇m卡厘146，該卡匣如 後文討論將用於書10或其它用於該裝置之活動式印刷平面 元件(例如紙張或卡片或樣板）。第二平台亦即蓋1 1 4具有第 二蓋凹部156’具有第二平面凹陷面158。蓋凹部156係由凹 20陷緣丨60以及第一、第二及第三邊界凹陷側壁162、164、166 所界限。於第一盍接觸面15 8下方有個第二感測器呈矩陣形 式，係由分開但乂又之導線組成第二交又點感測器陣列 Π0(容後詳述）。揚聲器固定器176支持揚聲器丨78。鉸鏈18〇 及182為中空且係組配成可提供貫穿各较鏈之通道（圖中未 200403602 顯示），供連結底112之電子裝置至蓋丨14之電子裝置之電導 體（圖中未顯示）通過。 參照第2圖，較佳書10有複數頁16係藉裝訂17所連結。 複數頁中任何毗鄰成對頁，例如第一頁及第二頁16a、l6b 5可敞開而形成一種二頁攤開20。二頁攤開20具有相對側緣 24a、24b位在裝訂17遠端。書1〇係設置成可以最小量移動 緊密嵌合於裝置100。特別殼體11〇有一書孔2〇8,該書孔2〇8 係經由底凹部128與蓋凹部156之組合形成。書孔208係組配 成當書10係位於直立之預定方向性時可緊密接納書1〇，書 10 則上下左右各邊係位在書孔208之上下左右各邊近端，特 別書孔與書10或二頁攤開20間具有餘隙嵌合。 參照第4圖，以廣義術語說明裝置100之電子裝置24〇 之各個組成元件。電子裝置240包括一使用者介面230，使 用者介面230除了位置感測器232及揚聲器178之外，包含一 15 視覺信號產生器總成238，其例如可控制LED，s 150。也可 設置其它使用者介面。圖中顯示裝置100之其它電子組成元 件及電路為主控制器或微控制器288耦合介面230之各個組 成元件以及耦合記憶體290及語音合成器292。記憶體290含 有非依電性指令集290a以及非依電性資料集290b例如包括 20書孔208之映射圖來識別設置於覆蓋於感測器元件之凹面 130、158上之各個小圖幟(例如字母)274、276之觸摸感興趣 位置。設置外部電性連接器144來與適當組成之卡匣146使 用。此種卡匣含有至少一個可存取記憶體296。較佳用於所 述系統100，所示卡匣146包括其本身之卡匣控制器294，及 200403602 卡匣ό己fe體296包括韌體指令296a及資料296b，指令296a係 用於執行微控制器294以及讓裝置控制器288從屬於卡匣控 制器294 ;資料296b特別係有關用於卡匣146及裝置1〇〇之書 或其匕列印兀件之資料。部分電子裝置（未顯示於第5圖）為 5電源供應器（電池及/或交流轉換器）、開關234及音量控制開 關236。 第5圖顯不第4圖之位置感測器電子裝置250之方塊圖 形式。感測器電子裝置25〇較佳係由專用感測器控制器施 &制，感測器控制器例如為Sunplus SPL 13〇A微控制器，其 1〇連結行驅動器電路254且控制行驅動器電路254透過列選擇 電路258而連結一對感測器電路256a、256b、同步偵測器、 多工器及濾波器電路26〇，該微處理器處理原始感測器信號 ，以及將處理後之信號送至類比/數位轉換器262供數位化 另外，感測器微控制器264之功能係由微控制器裝置 進行衣置100之位置感測器232進一步包含交叉點陣列或 感測器陣列142、170、以及信號振盪器252，其供電給陣列 142、170且控制偵測器26〇。 感測器142、170於各殼體元件112、114之内部組成以 圖解顯示於第6圖，該圖顯示底112之位置感測器組成元件 2〇 。感測器陣列142係位於形成凹面130之塑膠隔件515正下方 。被分隔開之下方感測器陣列或矩陣142為導電金屬板51〇。 參照第7圖，矩陣142、170各自有兩組概略平行之各自 分開且隔開的導線，導線排列成複數彼此隔開之行導線或 垂直導線(也稱作為垂直格栅線)248、以及複數個彼此隔開 13 200403602 之列導線或水平導線或執線(也稱作為水平格拇線）246，後 者係橫過且較佳垂直於該複數行導線248。當述及線246、 248集合時為求方便稱作為「列」或「行」。「列」為東西向 ，而行為垂直（或以其它方式橫過）此種列，而為南北/上下 5走向，但也可顛倒其命名。行導線248集合及列導線246集 合係由電絕緣隔件如密樂(Mylar)塑膠片隔開。列導線及行 導線246、248建議以導電墨水而印刷於密樂塑膠片之對側 面上來提供二集合間的電隔離，且形成矩陣17〇。第7圖顯 示根據本發明之一具體實施例之矩陣142。矩陣170建議為 10鏡像，但也可具有不同組態及不同組成。提議各矩陣142、 170包括16列246及16行248導線或執線，但也可使用不同數 目之任一者或二者。一列246與一行248之交叉點形成單一 「交叉點」感測器。因此16x16線陣列共形成256個個別交 叉點感測器排列成矩形陣列於各個殼體半部112、114之凹 15 部 128、156 〇 第8圖示意顯示位於裝置1〇〇之感測器陣列142一部份 上之書10之部分示意圖，虛線中，使用者的手伸出食指選 擇「球」一字。互動式書閱讀裝置1〇〇之操作允許使用者以 手指觸摸或單純為夠近指著該頁的選定區而可選擇書10該 2〇頁上的任一個激勵區。當選擇此激勵區時，互動式書閱讀 裝置100之揚聲器Π8輸出回應於此項選擇之聲音訊息。舉 例言之，當手指觸摸到「球」一字時，互動式書閱讀裝置 100將由揚聲器178產生一個語音音頻輸出「球」。聲音訊息 係直接回應於使用者觸摸到球一字而產生。若使用者觸摸 14 200403602 到忒頁的其它區域，例如觸摸到「藍」一字則將產生聲音 吼息「藍」之不同的聲音訊息。觸摸該頁之球圖片可產生 拍球耸音。觸摸該書頁之任何不具有文字或圖形區域則將 產生單一鈐聲來表示該區並無任何關聯聲音，通常可有語 曰輸出例如「再試一次」、或單純忽略該項輸入選擇。互動 式書閱讀裝置100可用來讀書，產生與書上的圖形關聯的音 效、或任何之經過程式規劃可回應於手指觸摸之其它活動 由弟8圖可知，各個字或影像可映射至陣列142、之一 或多個X及y座標對。例如「球」一字係位在陣列之R5、C4 10及R5、C5。此種位置映射圖係連同相關聲音訊息而儲存於 記憶體，當交叉點感測器位置被選定時，將播出該聲音訊 息0 第9-11圖顯示無以及有書1〇之裝置1〇〇之截面圖三範 例。第9-11圖所示之截面圖中顯示裝置1〇〇不含書或活動式 P刷元件，或使用者存在且有一手指5〇5與書1〇(於各種厚 度）之頁16。第9-11圖進一步顯示塑膠隔件515，複數個彼此 隔開之行（垂直)執線248，非傳導性(例如密樂）薄片525以及 橫過複數個行軌線248之彼此隔開的列（水平）執線246之一 非傳導薄片525支承且將行軌線248與列軌線246分開，成 20形有執線陣列142、丨川。感測器較佳包括呈金屬板形式之 傳導面510連結至系統地電位，且平行於陣列丨42、17〇且與 陣列142、170隔開。 塑膠隔件515形成凹部！28、156之上表面13〇、158，塑 膠隔件515厚約0.080吋，置於陣列142、17〇頂上來作為絕 15 200403602 緣體’讓感測器之觸摸面與矩陣142、170至少分開此種量 ^件515可為笨乙稀或abs，具有介電常數約2至3 ’但厚 度及介電常數可經調整來達成期望的敏感度。隔件515之功 &係提供來自轉142、m之穩定反應。去除隔件515將造 5成陣列之父又點感測器遠更敏感，高度敏感造成單頁16可 劇烈改變陣列142、17〇之輸出。隔件515就位時’增加頁數 的放果相對可忽略(例如15_2〇毫伏特），但當無隔件時，增 加頁之效果將超過一次冪幅度。經由以塑膠隔件515之厚度 刀開書10之頁16與矩陣I42、Π0，對矩陣MO、162之影響 1〇大減。如前文說明，行執線248(垂直行)及列軌線246(水平 列）之寬度及厚度於交又點需維持絲低，俾減少於各個交 叉點之電谷效應’但較佳環繞交叉點位置以及交叉點位置 間加I個別列軌線及行轨線成為四尖星形或對角線方形等。 傳導平面510建議於矩陣M2、170下方間隔約丨/4吋(5 I5笔米）。傳導平面可提供矩陣⑷' 1?〇之遮蔽，、結果影響環 繞矩陣142、170之各交叉點周圍之感擊。平面51q垂直於 平面陣列142、170之間隔可經調整來調整環繞各交叉點之 敏感區或感測器（換言之，使用者選擇區）大小，讓毗鄰交叉 點之感測區不會重疊。 2〇 參照第7圖，各執線246、248延伸至支承軌線之薄片525 之側緣及底緣。較佳較短軌線53〇及535分別係由薄片之 側緣及底緣伸出，較短轨線53〇及535各自於感測器軌線以6 或248之一邊。短執線53〇及535皆經由或使用傳導平面51〇 而連結至系統地電位。水平執線53〇由垂直緣向内延伸至恰 16 200403602 超過列執線246之位置，加寬形成終端，以均勾長度來提供 某種阻抗控制。垂直執線535係由底緣向上延伸至一點，於 5亥點垂直執線248開始平行，恰在軌線展開位置下方，或於 取低交叉點之約0.5吋（12毫米）以内。執線535可防止當行間 5振盪态252驅動時，行軌線248間的交叉麵合。 概略言之，矩陣142、170所產生之信號值經讀取及儲 存，無需人類與陣列互動來獲得各個交又點的參考值。各 交叉點感測器之參考值經個別決定與更新。較佳各自為連 續交叉點掃描值(例如約16)之移動「平均」。連續掃描與參 10考值比對來測定人手指或其它末梢的鄰近程度。根據本發 明之較佳具體實施例，當裝置100被供電時，資料始於零而 開始累進。進行此項處理時，若使用者的手指位於矩陣142 、170上則產生不良影響，接觸點參考值低於未被接觸的參 考值。 15 感測為232之插作如後。雖然並非必要，感測器232較 佳係經由讀取各接觸點感測器而讀取，每次對各列256交替 項取矩陣142、170。微控制器264關聯之韌體導引行驅動器 電路254通過射頻激勵信號例如250千赫茲，3300毫伏特方 波信號，該信號由振盪器252導引至二陣列H2、170之行轨 20 線248，較佳為共同循序驅動於各陣列142、170位在相同位 置之行。當行軌線248跨各陣列142、170被循序驅動時，章刃 體也導引列選擇電路258，產生適當控制信號發送給（列）感 測器電路256a、256b，來交替連結各陣列142、170位在相 對位置之列執線246之同步偵測器、多工器及濾波器電路 17 200403602 260。控制器264進一步控制來自電路260之資料傳輸，經由 A/D轉換器262而產生直流位準類比電壓信號。於其次接續 各列被抽樣前，各陣列142、17〇之對應列246被抽樣，全部 於各陣列皆有相同驅動行。如此韌體循環陣列142、170最 5快速’列246為第二快，行248為最慢。較佳但非必要，列 246由底至頂被掃描，行由最内至最外被驅動（170為右至左 ’ 142為左至右）。 於得自陣列142、Π0之初值被儲存後，陣列142、170 經循環連續掃描，各個交叉點感測器結果係以儲存之參考 值比對參考值的本身被循壞連續更新。若任何個別交叉 點感測器值與參考值有差異，該差異大於預定量或臨限值 里（g品限值」），則控制器264將標記該點未「被觸摸」或 「被選擇」。於製造期間藉決定裝置100之特徵而對該裝置 100建立臨限值。對此處所《路、材料及結構而言，發現 15施加3300耄伏特，250千赫茲方波信號，未經使用者互動， 陣列142、170之個別交叉點感測器可輸出約22〇〇毫伏特 -400¾伏4寸^號。於使用者接觸之各個交叉點感測器位置 之信號偏轉（亦即偵測得之信號強度降低)係於成人直接接 觸盍凹面至幼童接觸於表面頂上關閉書刺部之範圍，由 20第種It况約16G()毫伏特至第二種情況之約⑽毫伏 特之犯圍。^品限值須儘可能設定為接近最小預期使用者產 生的偏轉此種所述裝置1〇〇，對各個交叉點感測器提示臨 限值。又疋為低於2〇〇愛伏特，且較佳約⑽至·毫伏特。若 感測知又又點之電壓測量值低於記憶體中之參考值之量係 18 等於或大於臨限值量，則該點視為被接觸，如此由感測器 控制器264做記號。若差值係小於臨限值，則每64毫秒時間 (完整掃描時間）參考值可更H絲於約丨秒後參考值 固定。掃描矩陣M2、170後，對兩次掃描週期交叉點被「 5標記」或經接觸，則該標記視為有效，被選供「最佳候選 」演繹法則進一步處理，容後詳述。 用於所述裝置⑽，每25〇微秒，較佳掃描兩個交又^ 關聯各陣列140、172具有相同位置之交叉點），相關資料照 時間順序輸入感測器控制器264。對各次感測器掃描而言， H)各個交叉點資料值較佳最初係與「高限」值比對。若該資 料值超過此问限值，則被忽略作為該次掃描的候選者，且 心略用於更新錢測器參考值。高限值的目的係、防止由显 常高資料值造成交又點感測器持久被按壓狀態。為了了解 其背後的機轉，必須了解後述構想。因此後文將於本節說 15 明高限值功能。 士月]文°兄明，對各陣列掃描，每次讀取關聯-交又點 感測器之資料值，唁咨袓 哀貝枓值與參考值比對，其可被視為且 於此處稱作為關聯交 又又點感測為之「移動平均」（參見後文 )。若資料值係小於蒋軏 20 私動千均減臨限值，則交叉點感測器於 该次掃描視為「祐總# 觸核」。臨限值為前述固定資料值（亦即 190至200毫伏特），复 η ，、衣不取小偏轉，預期指示一交叉點感 測器被視騎觸摸之最小偏轉。 若資料值並未和—六 、 次、Μ & 曰不父又點感測器視為被觸摸（換言之 ，Μ料值小於[移# 力千均-臨限值])，則該資料值用來更新移 19 5 “均。“統被供電時，各點的移動平均設定為零。每 二測器之資料值不大於高限值，而又不夠低來指 動2.“，占感測器被觸摸，則該資料值被用來更新該點的移 動平均。用來運算新移動平均之式子如後·· 新移動平均=移動平均資料值-移動平均)/16。如此 父佳「移動平均」並非真正的平均反而是收敛演繹法則。 10 具有前述資訊，現在可說明高限演繹法則之功能。參 考值/移動平均__可能受到下雜況愚弄，該種情況 下，存在有高度干擾，交叉點感測器讀值顯著料。並未 去除阿限值，異常高資料值（因連續雜訊來源造成的異常高 資㈣）最終導致指定交叉點感測器之移動平均異常高。= 15 後當破掃描及資料值返回其名目值範圍時，若被掃描的資 料值夠低故5亥資料值係大於異常高移動平均減臨限值， 則交叉點感測器視為被觸摸。結果導致於移動平均計算上 先鈾未冒使用過的新的掃描資料值，因而不會讓移動平均 降至其正常位置，造成裝置100之使用期間，交叉點感測器 似乎持久被觸摸狀態。結果唯一被使用或儲存該資料之感 測器資料係低於高限值。對前述裝置100而言，提議採用 3100*伏特之高限值（比名目電壓高50%)。 較佳具體實施例中，裝置100進一步包括「快速回復」 演、繹法則。此種法則比對來自交叉點之最末讀數與參考值 或移動平均。若最末讀數係較高超過快速回復臨限值，則 參考值將設定為等於最末讀數。此種演繹法則考慮下述情 況’使用者的手指r盤旋」在一點上方長時間，結果人為 20 200403602 力造成參考值的下降。此種情況下，快速放開與接觸同一 .點也可能造成系統的無回應，原因在於參考值與最末讀數 間之差距不大於觸摸臨限值（臨限值）。 前節詳細敘述512(16 X 16 X 2)交叉點感測器陣列142 5 、170如何測定為是否被激勵（亦即「被觸摸」或「被選擇 」）。供掃描完整交叉點陣列，每次約取64毫秒（16 X 16 X 250 微秒）。各次掃描期間每個交叉點感測器考慮其是否被激勵 /被觸摸。 經單次掃描後，觸摸點經掃描考慮可能之「最佳候選 10 點」。概略言之，若於一指定感測器陣列142、170上，有兩 個潛在相等高度候選點被使用者選擇所激勵，則最佳候選 點較佳為最高（最北）被觸摸點接著為最左（最西）(亦即左上） 被觸摸點。此外，對接續兩次64毫秒掃描而言交叉點較佳 必須被「觸摸」才能被視為最佳候選者。 15 較佳於右手陣列172被掃描前，左手陣列140被掃描尋 找可能之最佳候選點。如此對單次掃描而言，左手陣列之 優先順位高於右手陣列。如此表示若對一次掃描而言任何 於左手陣列之交叉點感測器被視為被觸摸，則此點將成為 選用作為可能之最佳候選者之交叉點感測器，即使右手陣 20 列有個被觸摸點位置更北亦如此。記住，左手陣列該點必 須對兩次掃描（64毫秒X 2)皆視為被觸摸，方能被視為最佳 候選者。一旦已經選擇最佳候選者，則此項資訊由感測器 控制器264通訊至基本單元微控制器288。 左手陣列之優先順位優於右手陣列，說明如前，唯有 200403602 於各陣列之交叉點感測器係在單一 64毫秒掃描以内被觸摸 才生效。但若有所需也可延伸至兩次掃描（128毫秒）「偏好 處理」左手陣列。兩種情況皆說明於下列範例： 若左手陣列142之實體較低交叉點感測器亦即右手陣 5 列170之相對較高交叉點感測器皆於同一次64毫秒之掃描 期間被觸摸，則左手陣列142之交叉點感測器被選用作為可 能之最佳候選者。若下次掃描時同一個交叉點仍然被觸摸 ，則被選用為最佳候選者，且此項資訊通訊至基本單元控 制器288。 10 若右感測器陣列170之相對較高交又點感測器於一次 64毫秒掃描週期期間被觸摸且被選為可能之最佳候選者， 若發現左手陣列14 2之相對較低交叉點感測器係於其次6 4 毫秒掃描週期被觸摸，則左手陣列141之較低交叉點感測器 被選用作為新的可能的最佳候選者。若於次一掃描期間左 15 陣列點仍然被觸摸，則該點被選為最佳候選者，且此項資 訊於該次掃描後通訊至基本單元控制器288。 較佳於辨識最西北方之可能最佳候選者後，採用「尖 峰搜尋」演繹法則。最西北方可能候選者緊鄰東（右）、南（ 下）及最南（正下方）之交叉點感測器之偏轉經檢查以了解感 20 測器的觸摸以及四個被觸摸的感測器彼此之相對偏轉。至 多四個感測器中有最大偏轉（亦即與參考值/移動平均之變 化值）之該感測器被選用作為「最佳候選者」，且將其身份/ 所在位置/位置送至主（基本單元)微控制器288。 一旦已經選定最佳候選交叉點感測器，較佳「南暫停 22 200403602 」演繹法則對該陣列142或170生效。南暫停演繹法則造成 於同一陣列於最佳候選者下方被觸摸的任何點被忽略直到 最佳候選者仍然被按壓逾時1秒為止，或忽略至最佳候選者 被放開為止。於暫停後，全部交叉點皆變成觸摸偵測的候 5選者。此種演繹法則涵蓋手指觸摸陣列後使用者將食指根 部靠在該陣列上的情況。 當使用南方暫停時，較佳只對最佳候選者所駐在的該 陣列142 170生效。換吕之，可能出現下列情況。對一指 定陣列選擇最佳候選者。於該特定陣列上位在最佳候選者 1〇南方的所有其它父叉點感測器皆被「暫停」一秒或暫停至 最佳候選者被放開為止。於該一秒期間，另一陣列之交又 點感測器，其為於該陣列被觸摸的最西北感測器，但比第 一陣列的最佳候選者更難，該感測器若於兩次掃描皆被觸 抵則被選用為新的最佳候選者。如此為於二陣列i42、 15間任意指定左感測轉列142之優先順位結果。 母次選定一個新的最佳候選者，則該最佳候選者之位 置由感/貝J器控制電路傳輸給主（基本單元)控制電路2⑽。由 於只需要兩次64毫秒掃描來決定最佳候選者，且可能於任 :陣列連續朗可能為新的最佳候選者，因此於連續掃描 2〇時可能新的最佳候選者必須送出主控制器288。然後主控制 器288判定如何來利用此項訊息(是否中斷目前的活動，使 用鄰近父叉點感測器來替代最佳候選者感測器等）。 也注意裝置100, 了解是否使用者意外放置多隻手於書 上，結果有多隻手置於書10上。當書閱讀機感測器看到: 23 200403602 隻手置於感測器上時，需分辨輸入是否為經過明確界定的 最北方點.。若是，則選用此項輸入作為最佳候選者。替代 產生音頻輸出來指示使用者「一次使用一根指頭」或當裝 置10無法以合理準確度判定可能的輸入時之任何其它適當 5 陳述，本發明可基於前述法則選擇「最佳候選者」。由感測 器控制器288使用之參考值或移動平均之測定以及主演繹 法則之應用流程圖顯示於第12圖。 第13圖為目前較佳信號振盪器電路252之示意圖。信號 振盪器電路252產生且供應具有約250千赫茲頻率於3.3伏 10 特之方波信號給行驅動器電路254。該信號透過線路253送 至同步偵測器多工器及濾波器電路260供同步偵測該陣列 耦合振盪信號。 第14圖為目前較佳行驅動器電路254之示意圖。行驅動 器電路254循序激勵矩陣142、170之行線，於電路264之控 15 制之下每次激勵一對對應線。較佳使用四多工器254a-254d 來驅動於二陣列142、170之32行執線248。 第15圖為具有行驅動元件及列感測電路元件之二交叉 點感測器陣列142之目前較佳連結之示意圖。提示陣列170 為鏡像。 20 第16圖顯示列選擇電路258之目前較佳組成之示意圖 ，電路258主要係由四多工器258a-258d組成。 第17圖顯示二較佳相同感測器電路感測器電路「B」（ 第5圖256b)之一之目前較佳構造，該圖偵測第15圖顯示得 自右感測器陣列142之列執線246之信號，且將偵測得之信 24 200403602 號輸出（「PANEL_R」）於列選擇電路258控制之下前傳至同 步偵測器多工器及濾波器電路260。此等感測器電路256a、 256b透過使用於所示電路256b之個別電晶體/放大器 Q1-Q16，而加諸高阻抗負載於耦合列軌線246上。輸出 5 (SENSE—R1至SENSEJU6)通常藉列選擇器電路258維持為 高，而當列246被「感測」時對個別電晶體Q1-Q16藉該電路 而下降。 第18圖為同步偵測器、多工器及濾波器電路206之目前 較佳構造之示意圖，顯示陣列142、170之輸出端(PANELJL 10 、PANEL—R)、電路260之類比輸出（POINT ANALOG)以及 來自感測器控制器246之定時輸入(CONTROL—8)。電路元 件「U10」為多重開關晶片，其耦合左感測器陣列14〇之輸 出與同步偵測器/差異放大器260a，放大器260a係由具有相 關電路之電容器C24及C25以及放大器U11A及U11B構成。 15該偵測器/放大器對之輸出送至濾波器260b(由放大器U12A 及相關電路形成），返回接腳Z0，供藉晶片U10多工化至A/D 轉換為262。連結至接腳Υ〇、γ 1及z 1之平行電路係於得自 另一陣列172之#號操作。電路260係於線路253以振後器電 路252輸出信號之250千赫茲速率操作。 20 第I9圖顯示感測杰控制器或控制電路264之目前較佳 構造。控制電路264較佳包括一通用用途微處理器如 零組件SPL130A等。A/D轉換器可為微^MCp 3〇〇1外部 A/D轉換ϋ。裝置⑽之電源供應器（圖中未顯示）供電給感 測器電路232。 25 200403602 热4技藝人士了解可未悖離廣義發明構想對前述具體 實施例做改變。但須了解本發明可直接使用例如無書或卡 片或薄片而使用，經由觸摸或幾乎觸摸表面上的位置，回 應於私示表面之不同位置，使用軟體於電路上方之上表面 上幵/成或列印印圮。藉此方式本發明可用於替代其它書籍 閱項衣置以及其它教育、娛樂裝置之其它習知觸控式螢 幕/員了解本發明非僅囿限於揭示之特定具體實施例，意 圖涵蓋如隨附之申請專利範圍定義之於本發明之精髓及範 圍内之修改。 10 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為本發明之較佳具體實施例之頂視透視圖，顯示 電子教學/學習裝置於關閉位置； 第2圖為第丨圖裝置上方部分附有一書敞開至二頁攤開 之頂視透視圖； 15 第3圖為第丨-2圖裝置於敞開位置但不含書之頂視平面 圖； 第4圖為第1-3圖裝置之位置感測器之示意圖； 第5圖為第Μ圖之裝置之電子裝置之示意圖； 第6圖為第1-3圖之角隅部分之分解視圖，顯示交叉點 20感測器陣列之一之構造； 第7圖為第1-3圖之裝置之位置感測器之交叉點陣列（或 格挪）之示意頂視平面圖； 第8圖為復盍於苐1 _3圖裝置之位置感測器部分上方之 書籍部分之示意圖；8 200403602, and the section "Illustration of minimum human contact signal, normal maximum human contact profile; Figure 12 is a flowchart of the difficult surface process; Figure 13 is a schematic detailed diagram of the current best vibrator; Figure 14 shows The figure is a schematic detail diagram of the current preferred row selector circuit; Figure 15 is a schematic detail diagram that prompts the cross-point sensor array to connect other components of the sensor circuits of other figures; Figure 16 is the currently preferred Schematic details of the column selector circuit; 10 Figure 17 is a schematic detail diagram of the current best column sensor circuit; Figure 18 is a schematic detail of the current best synchronous detector, multiplexer and filter circuit Figures; and Figure 19 are schematic details of a currently preferred sensor controller. [Embodiment] Detailed description of the preferred embodiment 15 The e-learning / learning system includes toys' electronic interactive teaching / learning devices, software, and / or multiple books or other movable printing planar elements such as individual sheets, cards, Graticules and more. The software can be stored in-or multiple auxiliary processing cards E, which are accompanied by printing elements, memory in the device, or both. When provided together, the card and print components are matched in pairs 20 and used in the device at the same time. According to Fig. M, the present embodiment of the toy and interactive electronic teaching / learning device according to the presently preferred embodiment of the present invention (shown schematically as 100) is shown. The e-learning device is configured to be used alone, and it is configured to receive books 10 or other movable printing flat elements. 9 200403602 The device 100 can be specially configured as an interactive book reader, which has a sensor, which can sense the finger when the finger is placed on the book 10 and within the excitation area of the finger sensor of the device 100 position. The sensor excitation area preferably matches the size of a book or other printed sheet element that may be placed on the device 100. The better sensor of the device 5 100 can sense the presence of a finger at a distance of at least about 1/4 inch from the flat surface of the sensor. This Z (height) resolution will allow the sensor to detect the presence of a finger through a book up to at least about 1/4 inch thick. The sensor preferably has a resolution of X and y parallel to a plane parallel to the plane of the sensor, which is fine enough to select each word or each graphic mark or small icon printed on the book 10. Solution 10 is based on the number of intersections of the sensors and how the intersections correspond in position to the words or graphics on the upper surface of the sensor, or are printed on books or other movable flat elements (for example, can be used in device 100 Text or graphics). The software in the auxiliary processing cassette 146 or in the device 100 itself contains 15 information that can generate letters, words, or other related to graphics and printed words inside a book or other movable printed element, or relative to printed on the upper surface of the sensor Graphic sound effects (including music and speech) or actions. The X and y coordinates of the words or graphics and the corresponding sound effects or actions of the words or graphics are mapped to the memory located in the auxiliary processing cassette 146 or the device 100 itself. Selecting any of the 20 text or graphics by simple touch will produce at least one audio output associated with the specially selected text or graphics. Such information is preferably organized on a page-by-page basis. The user of the device 100 can use any graphic printed on the surface of the device to directly interact with the sensor, or the user places a book 10 or other printed sheet on the surface of the sensor, and the auxiliary processing cassette 146 of the book (If necessary) Insert 10 200403602 inside the auxiliary card slot 144 of 100, and interact with the device by printing the object 10 and the sensor. The device 100 then responds to any words or graphics that are difficult for a finger to produce an appropriate audio output. This open architecture allows an unlimited variety of books and software to be used on the device 100. 5 Referring to FIG. W, the device 1 has-a housing assembly or simply "housing" 110, the housing 110 is assembled to accept the book 10 when the book is in a predetermined direction, and the housing 110 has up and down The left, right, and right sides are located near the top, bottom, left, and right sides of the device ⑽. The housing 110 includes two rough flat platforms, that is, a bottom 112 and a cover 114 are joined by hinges 18 and 182, and there are a women's clothing assembly 118, a latch 220, and a hand grip 148. The first platform, that is, the bottom 112 has a first-bottom recess 128 which has a first flat recessed surface 130. The bottom concave portion 128 is bounded by the concave edge 132 and the first, second and third concave boundary side walls 134, 136, 138. Below the surface 130 there is a user response position sensor. The sensor is in the form of a separate but crossed wire matrix, and 15 forms a first cross-point sensor array 142 (described in detail later). The cassette slot 144 may be provided at the top of the bottom 112 for receiving a movable r0m card 146. The cassette will be used in a book 10 or other movable printed flat elements (such as paper or Card or template). The second platform, that is, the cover 1 1 4 has a second cover recess 156 'having a second planar recessed surface 158. The cover recess 156 is bounded by the recessed edge 20 of the recess 20 and the sidewalls 162, 164, 166 of the first, second and third boundary recesses. Below the first contact surface 15 8 there is a second sensor in the form of a matrix, which is composed of separate but non-conducting wires to form a second intersection sensor array Π0 (detailed later). The speaker holder 176 supports speakers 78. The hinges 18 and 182 are hollow and are assembled to provide a channel through each chain (not shown in 200303602), for connecting the electronic device at the bottom 112 to the electrical conductor of the electronic device at the cover 14 (not shown) )by. Referring to FIG. 2, the preferred book 10 has a plurality of pages 16 linked by binding 17. Any adjacent pair of pages in the plurality of pages, such as the first and second pages 16a, 16b 5 may be opened to form a two-page spread 20. The two-page spread 20 has opposite side edges 24a, 24b at the far end of the binding 17. The book 10 is provided to be tightly fitted to the device 100 so that it can be moved with a minimum amount. The special case 110 has a book hole 208 formed by a combination of the bottom concave portion 128 and the cover concave portion 156. The book hole 208 is assembled so that the book 10 can be tightly received when the book 10 is in the upright predetermined direction, and the book 10 is positioned above and below the book hole 208 at the proximal ends of the left and right sides. Book 10 or two pages spread out with 20 clearance fits. Referring to FIG. 4, each constituent element of the electronic device 24 of the device 100 is described in broad terms. The electronic device 240 includes a user interface 230. In addition to the position sensor 232 and the speaker 178, the user interface 230 includes a 15 visual signal generator assembly 238, which can control LEDs, s150, for example. Other user interfaces can also be set. In the figure, other electronic components and circuits of the device 100 are shown as main controller or microcontroller 288, and each component of the coupling interface 230 is coupled with a memory 290 and a speech synthesizer 292. The memory 290 contains a non-electrical instruction set 290a and a non-electrical data set 290b, for example, including a map of 20 book holes 208 to identify each small icon disposed on the concave surfaces 130 and 158 of the sensor element ( (Eg letters) 274, 276 touch the location of interest. An external electrical connector 144 is provided for use with a suitably formed cassette 146. Such a cassette contains at least one accessible memory 296. Preferably used in the system 100, the cassette 146 shown includes its own cassette controller 294, and the 200403602 cassette body 296 includes firmware instructions 296a and data 296b. The instructions 296a are used to perform micro-control The device 294 and the device controller 288 are subordinate to the cassette controller 294; the data 296b is particularly information about the book 146 for the cassette 146 and the device 100 or its printed components. Some electronic devices (not shown in Figure 5) are 5 power supply (battery and / or AC converter), switch 234 and volume control switch 236. FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of the position sensor electronic device 250 of FIG. 4. The sensor electronic device 25 is preferably manufactured by a dedicated sensor controller. The sensor controller is, for example, a Sunplus SPL 130A microcontroller, and 10 is connected to the row driver circuit 254 and controls the row driver. A circuit 254 connects a pair of sensor circuits 256a, 256b, a sync detector, a multiplexer, and a filter circuit 26 through a column selection circuit 258. The microprocessor processes the original sensor signals and processes the processed signals. The signal is sent to the analog / digital converter 262 for digitization. In addition, the function of the sensor microcontroller 264 is that the microcontroller device 264 positions the position sensor 232 and further includes a cross point array or a sensor array 142. , 170, and signal oscillator 252, which powers the arrays 142, 170 and controls the detector 26. The sensors 142, 170 are internally composed of each of the housing elements 112, 114 and are shown diagrammatically in Fig. 6, which shows the position sensor constituent elements 20 of the bottom 112. The sensor array 142 is directly below the plastic spacer 515 forming the concave surface 130. The separated lower sensor array or matrix 142 is a conductive metal plate 51. Referring to FIG. 7, the matrices 142 and 170 each have two sets of roughly parallel and separated and spaced wires, and the wires are arranged in a plurality of rows or vertical wires (also referred to as vertical grid wires) 248 separated from each other, and a plurality of A row of 13 or 200403602 spaced or horizontal wires or holding wires (also referred to as horizontal grid lines) 246, the latter crossing and preferably perpendicular to the plurality of rows of wires 248. When referring to the collection of lines 246, 248, they are called "columns" or "rows" for convenience. "Columns" are east-west, and the behavior is vertical (or otherwise across) such columns, and the north-south / up-down direction, but the name can also be reversed. The collection of row conductors 248 and the collection of column conductors 246 are separated by electrically insulating spacers such as Mylar plastic sheets. Column and row conductors 246, 248 are recommended to be printed with conductive ink on the opposite side of Miller plastic sheet to provide electrical isolation between the two sets, and form a matrix 170. Figure 7 shows a matrix 142 according to a specific embodiment of the invention. Matrix 170 is suggested to be 10 mirrors, but it can also have different configurations and different compositions. It is proposed that each of the matrices 142, 170 includes 16 columns, 246, and 16 rows of 248 wires or wires, but either or both of different numbers may be used. The intersection of a column 246 and a row 248 forms a single "crosspoint" sensor. Therefore, the 16x16 line array forms a total of 256 individual cross-point sensors arranged in a rectangular array in each of the housing halves 112, 114, and the recesses 15 and 128, 156. Figure 8 schematically shows the sensors located in the device 100. Part of the array 142 is a partial schematic diagram of Book 10. In the dotted line, the user's hand extends his index finger to select the word "ball". The operation of the interactive book reading device 100 allows the user to select any one of the incentive areas on the 20 pages of the book 10 with a finger touch or simply pointing to the selected area of the page close enough. When this incentive zone is selected, the speaker Π8 of the interactive book reading device 100 outputs a voice message in response to this selection. For example, when the finger touches the word "ball", the interactive book reading device 100 will generate a voice audio output "ball" from the speaker 178. The audio message is generated directly in response to the user touching the word ball. If the user touches 14 200403602 to other areas of the title page, for example, touching the word "blue" will generate a different voice message with a roar "blue". Touch the ball picture on this page to produce a rattle. Touching any area of the book page without text or graphics will produce a single beep to indicate that there is no associated sound in the area. Usually there are words such as "try again", or simply ignore the input selection. The interactive book reading device 100 can be used to read books, generate sound effects associated with the graphics on the book, or any other activities that can be programmed to respond to finger touches. As shown in Figure 8, each word or image can be mapped to the array 142, One or more X and y coordinate pairs. For example, the word "ball" is located at R5, C4 10 and R5, C5 of the array. This position map is stored in the memory along with the relevant audio message. When the position of the cross-point sensor is selected, the audio message will be played. Figures 9-11 show no device and book 1 10 〇 Three examples of cross-sectional views. The display device 100 in the cross-sectional view shown in Figs. 9-11 does not contain a book or a movable P-brush element, or a page 16 of which the user exists and has one finger 505 and book 10 (in various thicknesses). Figures 9-11 further show plastic spacers 515, a plurality of rows (vertical) holding wires 248 spaced apart from each other, a non-conductive (e.g., Miller) sheet 525, and those spaced across a plurality of row orbits 248. One non-conductive sheet 525 of the column (horizontal) rule line 246 supports and separates the row orbit line 248 from the column orbit line 246 into a 20-shaped rule line array 142, chuan. The sensor preferably includes a conductive surface 510 in the form of a metal plate connected to the system ground potential and parallel to the arrays 42 and 170 and spaced from the arrays 142 and 170. The plastic spacer 515 forms a recess! The upper surfaces of 28 and 156 are 13 and 158. The plastic spacers 515 are approximately 0.080 inches thick. They are placed on top of the arrays 142 and 170 as the insulation. Such a quantity 515 may be a styrene or abs, with a dielectric constant of about 2 to 3 ′, but the thickness and dielectric constant may be adjusted to achieve the desired sensitivity. The work of the spacer 515 & provides a stable response from 142, m. Removing the spacer 515 will make the father of the array and point the sensor far more sensitive. The high sensitivity causes a single page 16 to drastically change the output of the arrays 142, 170. When spacer 515 is in place, the effect of increasing the number of pages is relatively negligible (for example, 15-20 millivolts), but when there is no spacer, the effect of increasing the page will exceed a power of one. By using the thickness of the plastic spacer 515 to open the page 16 of the book 10 and the matrixes I42 and Π0, the influence on the matrixes MO and 162 is greatly reduced. As explained above, the width and thickness of the execution line 248 (vertical row) and the column trajectory 246 (horizontal column) need to be kept low at the intersection point, reducing the electric valley effect at each intersection point, but it is better to surround the intersection Point positions and intersection points are added with individual column and row trajectories to form a quadrangular star or a diagonal square. The conducting plane 510 is suggested to be spaced about 5 inches / 4 inches (5 to 5 meters) below the matrix M2 and 170. The conduction plane can provide the shielding of the matrix ⑷ '1? 0, and as a result, the impact around the intersections around the matrices 142, 170 is affected. The interval of the plane 51q perpendicular to the plane arrays 142 and 170 can be adjusted to adjust the size of the sensitive area or sensor (in other words, the user-selected area) surrounding each intersection so that the sensing areas adjacent to the intersection do not overlap. 20. Referring to FIG. 7, each of the holding wires 246, 248 extends to the side edge and the bottom edge of the sheet 525 supporting the trajectory. Preferably, the shorter trajectories 530 and 535 protrude from the side and bottom edges of the sheet, respectively. The shorter trajectories 530 and 535 are each 6 or 248 on the sensor trajectory. The short lines 53 and 535 are both connected to the system ground potential through or using the conductive plane 51. The horizontal rule line 53 extends from the vertical edge inward to just 16 200403602 beyond the column rule line 246, widens to form a terminal, and provides a certain impedance control with a uniform hook length. The vertical line 535 extends upward from the bottom edge to a point, and begins to run parallel to the vertical line 248 at the 5h point, just below the trajectory deployment position, or within about 0.5 inches (12 mm) of the low intersection. The execution line 535 can prevent the intersection between the line track lines 248 when the inter-line 5 oscillation state 252 is driven. In summary, the signal values generated by the matrices 142 and 170 are read and stored, and no human interaction with the array is needed to obtain reference values for each intersection. The reference value of each cross-point sensor is determined and updated individually. Each is preferably a moving "average" of consecutive cross-point scan values (e.g., about 16). Continuous scanning and comparison with reference values to determine the proximity of human fingers or other tips. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the device 100 is powered, data starts at zero and starts to progress. When this process is performed, if the user's finger is located on the matrices 142 and 170, an adverse effect will occur, and the reference value of the contact point is lower than the reference value that has not been touched. 15 Interpolation for 232 is as follows. Although it is not necessary, the sensor 232 is preferably read by reading each contact point sensor, and the matrices 142 and 170 are taken for each column of 256 alternating terms. The firmware-guided line driver circuit 254 associated with the microcontroller 264 is driven by a radio frequency excitation signal such as a 250 kHz, 3300 millivolt square wave signal, which is guided by the oscillator 252 to the track 20 line 248 of the two arrays H2, 170 It is preferable to drive the rows at the same position in each of the arrays 142 and 170 together and sequentially. When the row track 248 is sequentially driven across the arrays 142, 170, the blade body also guides the column selection circuit 258, generates appropriate control signals and sends to the (column) sensor circuits 256a, 256b to alternately connect the arrays 142. , 170-bit synchronous detectors, multiplexers and filter circuits in the relative position line 246 17 200403602 260. The controller 264 further controls the data transmission from the circuit 260 to generate a DC level analog voltage signal through the A / D converter 262. Before the next columns are sampled, the corresponding columns 246 of each array 142, 17 are sampled, and all of them have the same driving row. In this way, the 5th fastest column of the firmware loop arrays 142, 170 is the second fastest, and the row 248 is the slowest. Preferably, but not necessarily, column 246 is scanned from bottom to top, and rows are driven from innermost to outermost (170 is right to left, and 142 is left to right). After the initial values obtained from the arrays 142, Π0 are stored, the arrays 142, 170 are continuously scanned cyclically, and the results of each cross-point sensor are compared with the stored reference values and the reference values themselves are continuously updated. If the sensor value of any individual intersection is different from the reference value, and the difference is greater than a predetermined amount or a threshold value (g product limit value), the controller 264 will mark the point as not being "touched" or "selected" ". Threshold values are established for the device 100 during manufacturing by determining the characteristics of the device 100. For roads, materials, and structures here, it was found that 15 applied 3300 volts and 250 kHz square wave signals. Without user interaction, the individual cross-point sensors of arrays 142 and 170 can output about 2200 millimeters. Volt-400¾ Volt 4 Inch ^. The signal deflection (ie, the decrease in the detected signal intensity) at the position of the sensor at each intersection of the user's contact is the range from the adult's direct contact with the concave surface to the young child's contact with the top of the surface to close the book tattoo, from This situation is about 16G () millivolts to the second case of about 20 millivolts. The product limit must be set as close as possible to the minimum expected user-induced deflection of such a device 100, and the threshold values are indicated for each cross-point sensor. It is less than 200 volts, and preferably about ⑽ to · millivolts. If the amount of voltage measured by the sensing point is lower than the reference value in the memory, 18 is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the point is considered to be touched, and the sensor controller 264 makes a mark. If the difference is less than the threshold, the reference value can be changed every 64 milliseconds (full scan time). The reference value is fixed after about 丨 seconds. After scanning the matrices M2 and 170, if the crossing point of the two scanning periods is "5 marks" or touched, the mark is considered valid and selected for further processing by the "best candidate" deduction rule, which will be described in detail later. For the device, every two hundred microseconds, it is preferable to scan two intersections (associating the intersections of the arrays 140 and 172 with the same position), and the relevant data is input to the sensor controller 264 in time sequence. For each sensor scan, H) the data value of each intersection is preferably compared with the "high limit" value initially. If the data value exceeds this threshold, it is ignored as a candidate for the scan, and is used to update the reference value of the money detector. The purpose of the high limit is to prevent the point sensor from being permanently pressed by the extremely high data value. In order to understand the mechanism behind it, it is necessary to understand the concept described below. Therefore, the high limit function will be explained later in this section. Shi Yue] Wen Ming Xiong, for each array scan, each time the data value of the sensor is read, the reference value is compared with the reference value, which can be considered as here It is referred to as "moving average" which is connected to the point and sensed by the point (see below). If the data value is less than the threshold of Jiang Yan 20, the cross-point sensor will be regarded as “Yu Zong # touch nuclear” in this scan. The threshold value is the aforementioned fixed data value (ie, 190 to 200 millivolts), complex η, and no small deflection, which is expected to indicate the minimum deflection of an intersection sensor being touched by the visual mount. If the data value is not equal to—six, times, M & F, and the sensor is considered to be touched (in other words, the value of M is less than [Shift # 力 千 均-threshold value]), then the data value It is used to update the moving 19 5 "average." When the system is powered, the moving average of each point is set to zero. The data value of every two sensors is not greater than the high limit, but not low enough to indicate 2. ", when the sensor is touched, the data value is used to update the moving average of the point. It is used to calculate the new movement The formula for averaging is as follows: · New moving average = moving average data value-moving average) / 16. Therefore, the father's "moving average" is not a true average but a convergence deduction rule. 10 With the aforementioned information, the function of the high-end deduction rule can now be explained. The reference value / moving average __ may be fooled by the following miscellaneous conditions. In this case, there is a high degree of interference, and the crosspoint sensor readings are significant. Without removing the threshold, abnormally high data values (abnormally high resources due to continuous noise sources) eventually lead to abnormally high moving averages for the designated crosspoint sensors. = 15 When the scan is broken and the data value returns to its nominal value range, if the scanned data value is low enough that the data value is greater than the abnormally high moving average minus limit, the cross-point sensor is considered to be touched . As a result, in the moving average calculation, the uranium has not previously used the new scanned data values, so the moving average will not be lowered to its normal position. As a result, the cross-point sensor seems to be permanently touched during the use of the device 100. As a result, the only sensor data that was used or stored was below the high limit. For the aforementioned device 100, a high limit of 3100 * volts (50% higher than the nominal voltage) is proposed. In a preferred embodiment, the device 100 further includes a "quick reply" deduction and deduction rule. This rule compares the last reading from the intersection with a reference value or moving average. If the last reading is higher than the quick response threshold, the reference value will be set equal to the last reading. This deductive rule considers the following situation: 'The user's finger r is hovering above a point for a long time, and as a result, the human 20 200403602 force causes the reference value to decrease. In this case, quickly releasing the same point as the contact may also cause the system to fail to respond, because the difference between the reference value and the last reading is not greater than the touch threshold (threshold). The previous section details how the 512 (16 X 16 X 2) cross-point sensor arrays 142 5 and 170 are determined to be activated (ie, "touched" or "selected"). Scans a complete array of crosspoints, taking approximately 64 milliseconds (16 X 16 X 250 microseconds) at a time. Each cross-point sensor considers whether it is activated / touched during each scan. After a single scan, the touch points are scanned to consider the possible "best candidate 10 points". In summary, if there are two potential candidate points of equal height on a given sensor array 142, 170, which are stimulated by user selection, the best candidate point is preferably the highest (northmost) touched point and then The leftmost (westmost) (ie, top left) touched point. In addition, for consecutive 64 ms scans, the intersection is better and must be "touched" to be considered the best candidate. 15 It is preferable that the left-handed array 140 is scanned to find the best candidate point before the right-handed array 172 is scanned. So for a single scan, the left-handed array has priority over the right-handed array. This means that if any cross-point sensor in the left-hand array is considered to be touched for a scan, this point will be the cross-point sensor selected as the best candidate, even if there are 20 The location of the touched point is more north. Remember, this point of the left-handed array must be considered touched for both scans (64 ms X 2) to be considered the best candidate. Once the best candidate has been selected, this information is communicated from the sensor controller 264 to the base unit microcontroller 288. The priority of the left-handed array is better than that of the right-handed array, which means that the cross-point sensor of 200403602 in each array is only effective after being touched within a single 64ms scan. However, it can also be extended to two scans (128 ms), if desired, of the "handling" left-hand array. Both cases are illustrated in the following examples: If the physical lower cross-point sensor of the left-hand array 142, that is, the relatively higher cross-point sensor of the right-hand array 5 rows 170 are touched during the same 64 millisecond scan, The cross-point sensor of the left-handed array 142 is selected as the best candidate possible. If the same intersection is still touched at the next scan, it is selected as the best candidate, and this information is communicated to the basic unit controller 288. 10 If the relatively high intersection of the right sensor array 170 and the point sensor are touched during a 64 millisecond scan cycle and selected as the best candidate, if the relatively low intersection of the left hand array 14 2 is found The sensor is touched in the next 64 millisecond scan period, and the lower cross-point sensor of the left-handed array 141 is selected as the new possible best candidate. If the left 15 array point is still touched during the next scan, the point is selected as the best candidate, and this information is communicated to the basic unit controller 288 after the scan. It is better to use the “peak search” deduction rule after identifying the best candidate in the northwest. Probable candidate in the northwest is the intersection of the sensor near the east (right), south (down), and southmost (directly below). Deflection relative to each other. The sensor with the largest deflection (ie, the change from the reference value / moving average) of up to four sensors is selected as the "best candidate" and its identity / location / location is sent to the main (Basic unit) microcontroller 288. Once the best candidate intersection sensor has been selected, the better "Southern Pause 22 200403602" deduction rule is effective for the array 142 or 170. South pause deduction rule causes any point touched under the best candidate in the same array to be ignored until the best candidate is still pressed for more than 1 second, or ignored until the best candidate is released. After pausing, all intersections become candidates for touch detection. This deduction method covers the case where the user touches the index finger root against the array after the finger touches the array. When using a Southern pause, it is preferred to take effect only for the array 142 170 where the best candidate resides. In other words, the following situations may occur. The best candidate is selected for a given array. All other parent crosspoint sensors on the best candidate 10 south on this particular array are “paused” for one second or until the best candidate is released. During the one-second period, a sensor was intersected at the intersection of the other array, which is the most northwestern sensor touched by the array, but it is more difficult than the best candidate of the first array. Both scans were rejected and selected as the new best candidate. This is the result of arbitrarily specifying the priority of the left sensing transpose 142 between the two arrays i42 and 15. A new best candidate is selected by the mother and the daughter, and the position of the best candidate is transmitted from the sensor / controller control circuit to the main (basic unit) control circuit 2⑽. Since it takes only two 64 millisecond scans to determine the best candidate, and it is possible: the array continuous may be the new best candidate, so the new best candidate may be sent out when the continuous scan is 20器 288. 288. The main controller 288 then decides how to use this message (whether to interrupt the current activity, use a neighboring parent fork sensor instead of the best candidate sensor, etc.). Also pay attention to the device 100 to see if the user accidentally places multiple hands on the book, and as a result, how many hands are placed on the book 10. When the book reader sensor sees: 23 200403602 only hands on the sensor, it is necessary to distinguish whether the input is the clearly defined northernmost point. If so, this input is selected as the best candidate. Instead of generating an audio output to instruct the user to "use one finger at a time" or any other appropriate 5 statement when the device 10 is unable to determine a possible input with reasonable accuracy, the present invention may select the "best candidate" based on the aforementioned rules. The reference value or moving average measurement used by the sensor controller 288 and the application flow chart of the main deduction rule are shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a currently preferred signal oscillator circuit 252. The signal oscillator circuit 252 generates and supplies a square wave signal having a frequency of about 250 kHz at 3.3 volts to 10 volts to the row driver circuit 254. The signal is sent to the synchronous detector multiplexer and filter circuit 260 through the line 253 for synchronous detection of the array coupled oscillation signal. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a currently preferred row driver circuit 254. The row driver circuit 254 sequentially drives the rows of the matrices 142 and 170, and controls a pair of corresponding lines at a time under the control of the circuit 264. It is preferred to use four multiplexers 254a-254d to drive the 32 lines 248 of the two arrays 142, 170. Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a presently preferred connection of a two-crosspoint sensor array 142 having a row driving element and a column sensing circuit element. Tip array 170 is mirrored. 20 Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the presently preferred composition of the column selection circuit 258. The circuit 258 is mainly composed of four multiplexers 258a-258d. Figure 17 shows the currently preferred structure of one of the two preferred identical sensor circuits, one of the sensor circuits "B" (Figure 5 256b). Figure 15 shows the detection from Figure 15 of the right sensor array 142. The signal of the column execution line 246 is transmitted to the synchronous detector multiplexer and filter circuit 260 under the control of the column selection circuit 258 under the output of the detected letter 24 200403602 ("PANEL_R"). These sensor circuits 256a, 256b pass through the individual transistors / amplifiers Q1-Q16 used in the circuit 256b shown, and apply high impedance loads to the coupled column rails 246. Output 5 (SENSE-R1 to SENSEJU6) is usually maintained high by the column selector circuit 258, and when the column 246 is "sensed", the individual transistors Q1-Q16 are lowered by this circuit. FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the presently preferred structure of the synchronous detector, multiplexer and filter circuit 206, showing the output ends of the arrays 142, 170 (PANELJL 10, PANEL-R), and analog output of the circuit 260 (POINT ANALOG ) And timing input (CONTROL-8) from the sensor controller 246. The circuit element "U10" is a multi-switch chip, which is coupled to the output of the left sensor array 14 and a synchronous detector / difference amplifier 260a. The amplifier 260a is composed of capacitors C24 and C25 with related circuits and amplifiers U11A and U11B. 15 The output of the detector / amplifier pair is sent to the filter 260b (formed by the amplifier U12A and related circuits) and returned to the pin Z0 for multiplexing the chip U10 to A / D and converting to 262. The parallel circuits connected to pins Υ0, γ1, and z1 operate on ## obtained from another array 172. Circuit 260 operates on line 253 at a rate of 250 kHz at the output signal of post-resonator circuit 252. 20 Figure I9 shows the presently preferred configuration of the sensing controller or control circuit 264. The control circuit 264 preferably includes a general-purpose microprocessor such as the component SPL130A and the like. The A / D converter can be an external A / D converter. A power supply (not shown) of the device 供电 supplies power to the sensor circuit 232. 25 200403602 It is understood by those skilled in the art that changes to the foregoing specific embodiments may be made without departing from the general inventive concept. However, it must be understood that the present invention can be used directly, for example, without a book or card or sheet, by touching or almost touching the position on the surface, in response to different positions on the surface of the private display, using software to form / form on or above the circuit. Print the seal. In this way, the present invention can be used to replace other book-reading clothes and other conventional touch screens for education and entertainment devices. It is understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and is intended to cover as attached The scope of the patent application defines modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention. 10 [Brief description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a top perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the electronic teaching / learning device in a closed position; Fig. 2 is a book attached to the upper part of the device in Fig. Top perspective view of two pages spread out; 15 Figure 3 is a top plan view of the device in the open position but not including a book; Figure 4 is a schematic view of the position sensor of the device in Figures 1-3 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the electronic device of the device of Figure M; Figure 6 is an exploded view of the corner section of Figures 1-3, showing the structure of one of the intersection 20 sensor arrays; Figure 7 is Schematic top plan view of the cross point array (or grid) of the position sensor of the device in Figs. 1-3; Fig. 8 is a copy of the book section above the position sensor part of the device in Fig. 1-3 schematic diagram;
26 200403602 第9-11圖為一感測器以及由感測器輸出之並無人類接 觸、正常最大人類接觸以及正常最小人類接觸信號之圖解 剖面圖； 第12圖為觸摸識別過程之流程圖； 5 第13圖為目前較佳振盪器之示意細節圖； 第14圖為目前較佳行選擇器電路之示意細節圖； 第15圖為提示交叉點感測器陣列連結至其它各圖所示 感測器電路之其它元件之示意細節圖； 第16圖為目前較佳列選擇器電路之示意細節圖； 10 第17圖為目前較佳列感測器電路之示意細節圖； 第18圖為目前較佳同步偵測器、多工器及濾波器電路 之示意細節圖；以及 第19圖為目前較佳感測器控制器之示意細節圖。 【圖式之主要元件代表符號表】26 200403602 Figures 9-11 are schematic cross-sectional views of a sensor and the signals output by the sensor without human contact, normal maximum human contact, and normal minimum human contact; Figure 12 is a flowchart of the touch recognition process 5 Figure 13 is a schematic detail diagram of the current best oscillator; Figure 14 is a schematic detail diagram of the current best line selector circuit; Figure 15 is a diagram showing the cross-point sensor array connected to other figures Schematic details of other components of the sensor circuit; Figure 16 is a schematic detail of the currently preferred column selector circuit; 10 Figure 17 is a schematic detail of the currently preferred column sensor circuit; Figure 18 is The schematic details of the presently preferred synchronous detector, multiplexer and filter circuit; and Figure 19 is the schematic detail of the presently preferred sensor controller. [Representation of the main components of the diagram]
10…書 128·.·底凹部 16…頁 130...凹陷面 17…裝訂 132·.·凹陷緣 20...二頁攤開 134-8...凹陷邊界側壁 24a-b…側緣 142，170…交叉點感測器陣列 100...電子學習裝置 矩陣 110...殼體 144...卡槽，輔助卡槽 112…底 146…輔助處理卡匣 114…蓋 148...手抓握處 118...書安裝總成 150...發光二極體，LED 27 200403602 156.. .蓋凹部 158.. .平面凹陷面 160.. .凹陷緣 162-6...凹部邊界側壁 178.. .揚聲器 180，182…鉸鏈 208…書孔 220…閃鎖 230.. .使用者介面 232.. .位π置感測器 234…開關 236.. .音量控制開關 238.. .視覺信號產生器總成 240.. .電子裝置 246.. .列導線 248.. .行導線 250.. .位置感測器電子裝置 252.. .信號振盪器 253…線路 254…行驅動器電路 254a-d，258a-d..·多工器 256a-b...感測器電路 258.. .列選擇電路 260.. .同步偵測器、多工器、和 濾、波器電路 260a...同步偵測器/差異放大器 260b...濾波器 262…類比/數位轉換器 264.. .感測器微控制器 274，276...小圖幟 288.. .微控制器 290.. .記憶體 290a，296a…指令 290b，296b...資料 292.. .語音合成器 294.. .卡匣控制器 296…卡匣記憶體 505.. .手指 510.. .導電金屬板 515.. .塑膠隔件 525.. .非傳導片 530，535…較短導線10 ... Book 128 .... Bottom recess 16 ... Page 130 ... Recessed surface 17 ... Binding 132 ... Recessed edge 20 ... Two pages spread out 134-8 ... Recessed border side wall 24a-b ... Side edge 142, 170 ... Cross-point sensor array 100 ... E-learning device matrix 110 ... Housing 144 ... Card slot, auxiliary card slot 112 ... Bottom 146 ... Auxiliary processing cassette 114 ... Cover 148 ... Hand grip 118 ... book mounting assembly 150 ... light emitting diode, LED 27 200403602 156 .. .cover recess 158. .flat recessed surface 160. .recessed edge 162-6 ... recess Boundary side wall 178 ... Speaker 180, 182 ... Hinge 208 ... Book hole 220 ... Flash lock 230 ... User interface 232 ... Position sensor 234 ... Switch 236 ... Volume control switch 238 ... Visual signal generator assembly 240 .. Electronic device 246 .. Column wire 248 .. Row wire 250 .. Position sensor electronics 252 .. Signal oscillator 253 ... Line 254 ... Line driver circuit 254a-d, 258a-d ... multiplexer 256a-b ... sensor circuit 258 ... column selection circuit 260 ... sync detector, multiplexer, and filter, waver circuit 260a ... Sync Detector / Difference Amplifier 260b ... Filter 2 62 ... Analog / Digital Converter 264 .. Sensor Microcontroller 274, 276 ... Small Icon 288 ... Microcontroller 290 ... Memory 290a, 296a ... Instruction 290b, 296b ... Data 292 .. Speech synthesizer 294 .. Cassette controller 296. Cassette memory 505 .. Finger 510 ... Conductive metal plate 515 .. Plastic spacer 525 .. Non-conductive sheet 530. 535 ... shorter lead
2828