200303189 Ο) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於小型電動車輛，特別是有關供高齡者或 腳不自由的人利用的四輪的小型電動車輛。。 【先前技術】 這種的小型電動車輛被稱爲例如西尼亞車（商品名）等 ，被當作高齡者等的代步工具其非常利用價値高。對於這 種小型電動車輛的基本結構，例如在車體後部設置乘員乘 座用座椅，在其前方設有乘員腳踩用的踏板，進一步在其 前方立設有將前輪操舵用的轉向軸。在轉向軸的上端安裝 有把手，乘員是乘座在座椅來操作該把手‘。 近年來，西尼亞車型的小型電動車輛其市場擴大，而 被使用於各式各樣用途。習知，雖在收納空間比較多余情 況下被購入、使用，但予測今後會隨著高齡者人口的增加 ，在都會的需要也會增加。而在都會中現狀是，收納空間 容易被制限，且必需乘入電梯等的乘坐工具的機會漸漸增 加。 【發明內容】 (本發明所欲解決的課題） 依照習知的形式認定尺寸的上限全長的話，是無法搭 乘入電梯，一方面若只將全長單純地輕小化的話會有弊害 產生的情況。最近的西尼亞車的基本結構是將轉向軸及把 -5- (2) (2)200303189 手軸是配置成一直線狀，如此地將車輛全長輕小化的話乘 員及把手之間的空間會縮小。另也有使座椅後退該縮小的 部分來確保空間，但將座椅設在後方位置的話，會損害車 輛後部的靜的安定性。 進一步，對於車輛的靜的安定性說明的話，這種小型 電動車輛中爲了達成小型化，而在作爲驅動輪的後輪的周 圍具備電動馬達的動力元件或將電力供給至此動力元件的 電池，進一步設有乘員用乘座座椅，但在前輪的周圍雖只 設置操舵裝置。因此成爲前輪分擔負荷小的車輛結構，如 此成爲會以後輪軸爲中心朝後方翻覆的對於安定性不利的 結構。 且，對於習知的操舵裝置，雖爲了使把手操作感佳而 形成呈略直線狀朝後上方延伸的結構，這種結構的情況， 即使乘員的腳踩用踏板的面積是同一，但操舵軸傾斜設置 的部分會使乘員的腳部用空間變窄。 且，習知的四輪西尼亞車型的小型電動車輛中，具有 :擔任前輪的操舵的轉向軸、及供支撐安裝在其延長線上 的把手軸用的支撐構件。這些，是由配管材或軸支架等所 構成’其高度被抑制比較低。近年來，在把手周圍安裝有 fe k卓（腳護罩）的情況很多，爲了安裝整流罩而需要撐柱 等。從製作上或者是運往組裝工場貨物姿態的觀點來看， 將迫種撐柱一體化構成並非上策，一般是形成別體。 因此，本發明的課題，便在於提供一種可達成實質上 的輕小化並有效地確保空間，且具有在製作上或者是組裝 -6 - (3) (3)200303189 上有利的結構的小型電動車輛。 (用以解決課題的手段） 爲解決上述的課題，本發明之小型電動車輛在被支撐 於托架上的單座座椅的下方前方具有舖設在前述托架上的 踏板，且藉由作爲由把手操作而左右擺動的操向輪而設在 前述踏板的前方的左右一對的前輪、及作爲由動力元件所 驅動的驅動輪而設在前述單座座椅的下方後部的左右一對 的後輪而可行走，且具備將電力供給至前述動力元件的電 池元件之小型電動車輛，其特徵爲··可朝左右轉動地支撐 被設在上端的把手並且從前述踏板的前端部朝上方突出設 置的轉向軸、及在朝向左右方向外側延設的懸吊臂的外側 端部隔著主銷而可朝左右擺動地被支撐的前輪轉向肘，是 具有隔著導桿臂及肘臂而相互連結的操舵裝置，且該操舵 裝置是配置在前述踏板的下方及朝車輛前後延伸的前述車 體托架的前端部’將可旋轉自如地支撐前述轉向軸的轉向 托架可裝卸地設在前述車體托架。 且，對於本發明之小型電動車輛，其中，前述踏板， 是由：位在前述前輪的後方的位置且具有前述前輪的左右 相面對間隔略等寬的主踏板部、及比前述前輪的左右相面 對間隔還小且由比前述主踏板部還小的寬度朝前述主踏板 部的前方延設的前踏板部所構成，前述車體托架，是由·· 具有與則述左右的前輪的內側相面對間隔略等寬且沿著前 述主踏板部的左右兩側緣部朝前後延伸而形成前述主踏板 -7 - (4) (4)200303189 部的中央托架部、及由比前述前輪的左右相面對間隔還小 的相面對間隔朝前述中央托架部的前方延設並支撐前述前 輪及操舵該前輪的前述操舵裝置並且形成前述前踏板部的 前托架部、及從前述中央托架部朝後方延設並支撐前述單 座座椅和前述電源元件和前述後輪的後托架所構成。 且，對於本發明之小型電動車輛，其中，將前述中央 托架邰、則述則托架部及前述後托架藉由左右一對的主托 架構件形成’具備：從前述主托架構件側面的前述中央托 架部朝外方突出的側部手推把、及朝前述單座座椅的後方 突出且與前述左右一對的主托架構件的後端連結的後部手 推把。 且’對於本發明之小型電動車輛，其中，前述轉向軸 ，是在前述把手所結合的上端部及前述導桿臂所結合的下 端部的略中間部分割成上半部及下半部，並且，前述上半 部及前述下半部是由可彎曲自如的接頭手段所連結，而前 述下半部是立設成略垂直同時前述上半部是朝向前述單座 座椅地朝後方傾斜。 且’對於本發明之小型電動車輛，其中，前述轉向托 架’在刖述接頭手段附近朝後方傾斜地彎曲，並且，從前 述前托架部朝上方以同一寬度突出且可裝卸。 且’對於本發明之小型電動車輛，其中，前述轉向托 架，是藉由挾持裝置而可裝卸在前述車體托架。 依據本發明，藉由別體構成車體托架及轉向托架就可 將縮小貨物姿態而可輕小化，可以提高使用性並且可以改; -8- (5) (5)200303189 善組裝效率。且，藉由將操舵軸周圍朝後方朝適度地彎曲 來擴大踏板空間，就可以確保身邊的有效空間。且，不會 將車輛重心偏向車體後方而可以設定在適切位置，而可以 提高車輛的靜的安定性。 【實施方式】 茲佐以圖面說明本發明之小型電動車輛。 第1圖〜第5圖，是顯示此實施形態的小型電動車輛 的整體結構。 此實施形態是四輪小型電動車輛的例，對於這些圖係 在包含車體托架的托架元件1 00的前後部分別支撐者左右 一對的前輪1及後輪2。前輪1是由前輪支撐機構200， 且後輪2是由後輪支撐機構3 0 0所支撐。在托架元件I 0 0 的後部附近，支撐著形成可讓1人的乘員乘座的單座座椅 的座椅元件4 0 0。在單座座椅的下方前方的，具有形成被 舖設在車體托架上的低底的乘員腳踩踏板的踏板操作盤3 。在托架元件1 〇 〇的前部，具有藉由把手操作而操舵作爲 朝左右擺動的操向輪的前輪1之操舵機構5 0 0。 在此例中後輪2是作爲驅動輪，且由含有設在單座座 椅的下方後部的電動馬達的動力元件6 0 0所驅動。而且本 發明中，在踏板操作盤3的下側，配置有具備將電力供給 至動力元件600的二次電池之電池元件7〇0。 托架元件1〇〇，也是參照第6圖〜第8圖，是由支撐 構成底盤部分的車體托架1 0 1及轉向把手等的轉向托架 -9 - (6) (6)200303189 1 0 2所構成，車體托架1 〇 1是包含主托架1 〇 3及後托架 ]〇4。主托架1〇3更由朝中央托架部1〇5及中央托架部 1 〇 5的前方延設的前托架部1 0 6所構成。 主托架1 0 3，包含在左右兩側朝前後方向配置的一對 的主托架構件1 07，且主托架構件1 〇7係在中央托架部 1 〇5及前托架部1 06的境界附近，形成如第8圖等所示的 先端較細地變窄的形狀。主托架構件1 〇 7最好是由方形管 材形成，但不限定於此例如由U形鋼材或者是圓形管材 等形成也可以。不論任一種情況，主托架構件1 〇 7皆是具 有固定的高度（上下方向的厚度）。且，在各主托架構件 1 〇7附設有朝外側方突出的例如由圓形管材形成的手推把 111° 且，在此例中對於主托架構件1 0 7恩係在其前端部及 中央托架部1 〇5及前托架部1 06的境界附近及後端部橫架 著3個的架橋構件1 〇 8、1 0 9、1 1 0，由此確保主托架1 〇 3 的高剛性。架橋構件1 08、1 09，如第7圖所示，是朝下 方突出地彎曲形成，且後述的前輪支撐機構的底基構件是 配置於架橋構件1 0 8、1 0 9上。然而，實車中，如第7圖 所示，主托架〗〇 3是呈適度地朝前方上昇的傾斜狀態，這 時前輪支撐機構的底基構件，是使後述懸吊臂的轉動軸與 主銷的後方傾斜角度（主銷後傾角）相互垂直地朝前方上昇 傾斜被支撐。 在此，轉向托架1 0 2，如第9圖所不’是由4本的配 管材1 0 2 a〜d在前托架部1 0 6的前端部內側，一體地被立 -10- (7) (7)200303189 設支撐。轉向托架〗0 2雖是從前托架部〗〇 6 (主托架構件 107)垂直地立起’但如上述，因爲主托架ι〇3是朝前上昇 傾斜’所以轉向托架1 0 2也適度地朝單座座椅側傾斜。然 而’轉向托架1 〇2最好是由方形管材形成。 後托架1 04 ’是從各主托架構件；[07的後端部附近朝 後上方的傾斜配置，在各後端部是藉由手推把n 2相互地 結合。在後托架1 〇 4的前後方向的中間程度，是橫架有呈 略拱門狀或是台形狀的架橋構件1 1 3，且在架橋構件1 1 3 的上部安裝有支撐座椅元件400用的座椅柱1 14。後托架 1 〇4或者是架橋構件1 1 3，雖最好是由方形管材形成，但 不限定於此也可以由例如U形鋼材或者是圓形管材等形 成。在後托架]04的後端部，橫架有朝下方突出地彎曲形 成的架橋構件1 1 5。 前輪支撐機構2 0 0，雖可將前輪1旋轉自如且可擺動 地支撐，但含有：作爲被保持於前托架部1 06的下方的支 撐部之底基構件2 0 1、及固定於底基構件2 0 1上的懸吊臂 支架2 02、及藉由懸吊臂支架202可朝上下方向擺動自如 地被支撐並從車輛的左右方向的中央部朝外側延設的同時 在外側端部可將前輪I旋轉自如地支撐的懸吊臂2 03。 在此，主要是藉由此前輪支撐機構200，而形成對於 後述電池盒的前方經過左右的前輪1的相面對之間地朝左 右延伸，且由朝比該電池盒下側突出的剛性構件所構成的 突出構造。即此突出構造如第1圖〜第5圖或者是第7圖 等所示，是由朝前托架部1 〇6的下方突出地配置構成的底 -11 - (8) (8)200303189 基構件2〇1、及懸吊臂支架202、及懸吊臂203等所構成 ，藉由將這種突出構造設在電池盒的前方且下側，而形成 具有作爲車輛的電源裝置的功能的電池盒的屏障或是防護 手段，而可以有效地保護脆弱的電源裝置。然而，即使具 有如此的朝前托架部1 0 6的下方突出的突出構造，但實車 中，踏板3因爲呈朝前方上昇傾斜配置（第7圖參照）所以 不會朝下方伸出，而可以有效地確保最低的地上高。 對於前輪支撐機構200，也是參照第9圖，在配置於 主托架103的架橋構件108、109上的底基構件201上， 分別對於左右的懸吊臂2 03設有前後2個的懸吊臂支架 2 0 2。各懸吊臂2 0 3是呈朝前後分岐的二股狀，其分岐的 2個的基端（內側端）是藉由前後2個的懸吊臂支架2 0 2而 可朝上下朝轉動自如地被軸支。在懸吊臂2 03的先端，c 字狀的肘204(前輪轉向肘）是隔著主銷208而可朝左右轉 動地軸交。在肘2 0 4使車軸2 0 5朝水平延設，前輪1是可 旋轉自如地支撐於在此車軸2 0 5。 在前托架部1 〇 6的外側部是固定有裝架懸吊彈簧2 0 6 用的支架2 07，且在該支架2〇7及懸吊臂2〇 3 (二股狀的分 岐中的前側）之間裝設有懸吊彈簧2 0 6。 後輪支撐機構300，是與動力元件600協動地支撐後 輪2。此情況，動力元件6 0 0是包含電動馬達及連結其輸 出軸的減速齒輪群，且最終段齒輪是的支軸是成爲後輪2 的車軸3 0 1。動力元件6 0 0的前端側，是隔著固定在主托 架構件]0 7後端的支架3 〇 2 (第1圖〜第3圖等參照）被軸 -12- (9) (9)200303189 支。動力元件600的後端側，是與緩衝器3 〇3的下端連結 。緩衝器3 0 3的上端，是隔著固定在後托架1 〇4後端的支 架3 (Μ被軸支。然而，緩衝器3 〇3，也可以利用壓縮捲簧 或者是油壓等。 對於座椅元件400，由方形管材等形成的座椅緩衝托 架4〇1及座椅背部托架402是呈略L字狀地結合成一體， 並將座椅緩衝托架4 0 1形成略水平地被支撐於座椅柱1 1 4 上。此情況，座椅元件400是可朝左右轉動，且可選擇地 被支撐固定在其轉動途中的複數的角度位置上。 在座椅緩衝托架40 1安裝有作爲彈性體的座椅緩衝 4 03，且在座椅背部托架402安裝有作爲彈性體的座椅背 部4 〇 4。在座椅背部托架4 0 2的適度的高度位置，使手把 4 0 5可轉動被支撐。如第3圖所示乘座在被支撐於座椅柱 I 1 4上的座椅元件4 0 0的乘員，可將腳放在踏板操作盤3 ，而可踩踏配置於踏板操作盤3的前部附近的腳制動器4 〇 在此說明單座座椅的轉動支撐機構的構成例。第1 0 圖中，在下側底基支架4 〇6結合有座椅緩衝托架4 0 1，在 該底基支架406垂下有座椅配管407。一方面在座椅柱 114嵌合有配管支架4〇8，在此配管支架408可旋轉地內 嵌有座椅配管4〇7。由此單座座椅可隨著座椅緩衝托架 4 〇 1左右轉動。然而，配管支架4 〇 8是可裝卸於座椅柱 1 1 4 〇 且，具有軸承409的操作桿支架4 1 0是固定在底基支 -13- (10) (10)200303189 架406的前部。在軸承409插通著轉軸4 1 1，旋轉軸4 1 1 是藉由朝外側延設並適度地如圖示地彎曲而形成操作桿部 4 1 2。在旋轉軸4 1 1，固定有從底基支架4 0 6開設的開口 4 1 3朝下方突出的爪片4 1 4。由操作桿部4 1 2的操作可使 爪片4 1 4轉動。爪片4 1 4，具有與後述停止器托板的齒卡 合的孔414a。一方面，在配管支架408的上端是固定有 停止器托板4 1 5，且在停止器托板4 1 5的外周部是設有以 適度的角度間隔的複數的齒4 1 6。各齒4 1 6的兩側是切除 作爲游隙，由此可與爪片4 1 4卡合。 藉由將座椅配管407插入配管支架408，而使單座座 椅被支撐於座椅柱1 1 4上。此情況，藉由操作桿部4 1 2的 操作將爪片4 1 4與所期的齒4 1 6卡合，就可將單座座椅選 擇地固定於所期的角度位置。 對於操舵機構5 00 —參照第5圖或者是第9圖等，在 轉向托架1 02的內側是隔著複數的支架5〇2，使轉向軸 5 〇 1可旋轉自如地被保持。轉向軸5 0 1是在長度方向的中 間部隔著萬向接頭5 0 3，朝單座座椅側傾斜地彎曲，在其 上端部隔著支架504使轉向把手5〇5被支撐。轉向把手 5 〇 5的前部是被切除變形成U字狀，一邊把持轉向把手 5 0 5的適當處，一邊將安裝在加速桿5 0 6的支架5 〇4轉動 操作。 在前托架部1 〇 6的各主托架構件1 0 7的前端部內側， 安裝有支架5 〇 7，在此支架5 0 7上設有可將轉向軸5 0 1的 下端旋轉自如地支撐用的轂部。在支架5 0 7上的轉向軸 -14 - (11) (11)200303189 5 ο 1的後側，配置具有與設在轉向軸5 0 1下端的齒輪嚙合 的齒輪的中間軸5 〇 8。在中間軸5 0 8雖固定有導桿臂5 0 9 ，但將轉向軸5 0 1朝右或是左旋轉的話，導桿臂5 〇9會隔 著中間軸5 〇 8朝右側或是左側轉動。 對於各前輪1，固定在肘2 04的肘臂5 1 0及導桿臂 5 〇 9是隔著導桿5 1 1相互地連結。藉由將轉向把手5 〇 5朝 右左旋轉，就可隔著轉向軸5 0 1、中間軸5 0 8、導桿臂 5 〇 9及導桿5 1 1使前輪1朝右或左地被操舵。藉由如此設 置中間軸5 0 8，就可與轉向把手5 0 5的旋轉方向同一方向 地操舵前輪1。此情況，藉由適宜地選擇轉向軸5 0 1側的 齒輪及中間軸5 0 8側的齒輪的齒輪比，就可適切地設定操 舵角及操舵力。 動力元件6 〇 〇是如前述，與後輪支撐機構3 0 0協動地 支撐後輪2。後述的電池元件7 0 0是將電力供給至動力元 件6 00而使其電動馬達601被驅動。 對於本發明的電池元件7 〇 〇，如第8圖所示在踏板（ 或者是踏板操作盤）3的主要領域中，在沿著其兩側緣部 配置的托架彼此之間，收納具有與該托架的高度略同等的 高度的電池盒7 0 1，在此電池盒7 Ο I內將複數的二次電池 7 0 2別段配置。在圖示側，在同一平面上呈前後2列地配 列複數的二次電池7 0 2。 在此，踏板3是由位在前輪1的後方的位置且具有與 前輪1的左右相面對間隔略等同的寬的主踏板部5、及 以比前輪1的左右相面對間隔還小且比主踏板部5還小的 -15- (12) (12)200303189 寬朝主踏板部5的前方延設的前踏板部6所構成。踏板3 的主要領域，是由主踏板部5所構成，在此部分配置有電 池盒7 0 1。 且，前述主托架1 0 3的中央托架部〗〇 5，是沿著主踏 板部5的左右兩側線部朝前後延伸。前托架部〗〇 6，是以 比前輪1的左右相面對間隔還小的相面對間隔朝中央托架 部1 〇5的前方延設。在此例中，構成中央托架部1 〇5的主 托架構件1 0 7彼此之間，配置有電池盒7 〇 1。 電池盒7 0 1如第1 1圖所示，呈槪略薄箱狀，形成與 主托架構件107略同一高度。而且，此電池盒7〇1是在主 踏板部5的下側並配置於主托架構件]〇 7彼此之間。本發 明所使用的乾式的二次電池7 0 2，典型是使用鋰離子電池 ，這種的乾式二次電池，通常將多數的電池組合包裝。此 情況，爲了使大型的電池模組的密度提高，而多進行交錯 堆疊，就因這樣而變得相當重大。此實施形態中，如前述 因爲具備左右一對的前輪1，可將主踏板部5形成具有與 前輪1的左右相面對間隔略等同的寬的大面積，所以在同 一平面上可配列前後2列合計8個二次電池702。藉由將 二次電池7 0 2的寬（直徑）作成與主托架構件1 0 7的高度同 等，或稍微高程度，就可將電池搭載空間設成非常薄。 在電池盒7 〇 1的底部，如第1 2圖所示，具有對俞二 次電池7 0 2的外形而形成的複數的凹凸狀的保持部。此保 持部在本實施形態中，形成有複數的半月狀肋7 〇 1 a。如 上述藉由將二次電池7 〇 2配置於同一平面，使二次電池 - 16 _ (13) (13)200303189 7 0 2必需不受振動等地被固定在電池盒7 0 1。藉由設有半 月狀肋70 1 a，將二次電池702適切固定使相互不干渉。 電池盒7 0 1是在左右兩側具有凸緣狀的安裝部7 0 1 b ，在將此安裝部7 0 1 b載置於主托架構件1 0 7上的狀態下 ，藉由小螺絲等而安裝於該主托架構件1 〇7。此情況，設 有其安裝用小螺絲的插通孔70 1 c。在電池盒70 1的前部 ，即前列側的二次電池7 0 2的前側是隔著支架7 0 1 d，配 置有電池控制器（基板）703。 電池控制器7 0 3，雖是控制成在二次電池7 0 2 (電池） 之間不會產生容量差或電位差，但對於電池盒70 1的底部 是設成垂直。如此將電池控制器7 03設成在前懸吊周圍的 零件及二次電池702之間呈垂直，就可以有效地利用前後 方向空間。然而，即使將電池控制器7 0 3垂直設置，實車 中，踏板因爲是朝前方上昇傾斜配置，所以不會朝下方伸 出，可以有效確保最低的地上高度。 如第1 2圖或者是第1 3圖所示在電池盒7 0 1的上部， 覆設有平板狀的蓋7〇4。蓋704是具有與電池盒701的上 部開口整合的形狀，且從其下面的周緣部垂設有複數的爪 片704a。在電池盒701設有對應爪片704a的複數的卡合 部7〇le，藉由將爪片704a卡合在卡合部701e而將蓋7〇4 固定。然而，在電池盒701及蓋704的對合部的，爲了不 使電池盒7 01內有水或者是灰塵等侵入而裝設有密封墊。 藉由將蓋704覆設固定在收納二次電池702的電池盒701 ，就可構成電池或是電池塑膠盒。 -17- (14) (14)200303189 且，如第1 3圖所示，在電池或是電池塑膠盒的上側 ，即蓋7 0 4的上側配置有踏板操作盤3。踏板操作盤3是 在隔著隔片地載置於電池盒7 01的安裝部7 0 1 b上的狀態 ，藉由小螺絲等安裝於該主托架構件1 0 7。此情況，在踏 板操作盤3的周緣部設有其安裝用小螺絲的插通孔3 a， 並且，在安裝部7〇lb也設有對應插通孔3a位置的插通孔 70 1 f ° 在電池或是電池塑膠盒的下側，即電池盒7 0 1的下側 是配置有槪略平板狀的底部護板70S。底部護板7 0 5是使 覆蓋電池盒7 0 1的下部地藉由小螺絲等安裝於架橋構件 1 〇 9及架橋構件1 1 0 (第6圖等參照）。此情況，在底部護 板7 0 5的前緣部及後緣部是分別設有其安裝用小螺絲的插 通孔 705a' 705b(第 12 圖）。 進一步，對於本發明的小型電動車輛請參照前述各圖 ，在配置於踏板3的後方的單座座椅的下方前半部，是如 第3圖等所示，配設有：電子控制應將供給至動力元件 6 0 0的電動馬達6 0 1的電力之主控制器7、及供進行充電 至電池元件7〇0的二次電池7〇2之充電裝置8。主控制器 7及充電裝置8，是由從踏板3從一體地連續形成的車體 蓋（無圖示）所覆蓋，使不會露出於外部。 且’在位於主控制器7等後方的左右〜對後輪2之間 的空間’裝架有箱狀或是籠狀的貨物收納裝置9，在此貨 物收納裝置9的上部是開設有可將貨物等出入用的開□ 9 a。如前述，單座座椅是在座椅柱11 4的上方附近位置， -18- (15) (15)200303189 可轉動地被支撐在該座椅柱】1 4的周圍。藉由將單座座椅 適宜轉動，就可由單座座椅將位在貨物收納裝置9的開口 9a的一部分或是全部從上方開閉地覆蓋。 一方面，對於轉向托架1 〇 2的上部，在轉向把手5 0 5 的前方附近位置安裝有開關盒（操作操作盤）1 0。此開關盒 1 0，如第7圖所示，隔著被固定於轉向托架1 02的上端的 略鍵形的支架1 1被支撐。開關盒1 0雖是搭載有各種開關 類，但配設有例如前後進切換旋鈕、速度設定旋鈕、電池 殘量顯示器及充電燈，甚至左右的方向燈開關及喇叭按鈕 等的開關。 開關盒1 0，是在轉向把手5 0 5的前方附近位置呈適 度地傾斜配置，使運轉操作所需要的開關類是位在手容易 伸得到，且眼容易看得到顯示燈等的顯示內容的位置。因 此，乘座在單座座椅的乘員，可簡單且確實地操作開關盒 1 〇的開關類。此時，可依據需要適宜操作加速桿5 06。 且，將電線捲線器內藏於開關盒1 〇的下方附近位置 的電線捲線器盒1 2是安裝於轉向托架1 〇 2。在電線捲線 器中朝捲取方向被推迫的充電用電線，是可吐出自如地被 捲回，該充電用電線是連接於充電裝置8。在電池元件 7 00的二次電池702進行充電時，是從電線捲線器盒 將充電用電線吐出，並透過此充電用電線使充電裝置8與 外部電源連接。 在轉向托架1 0 2的上部，例如利用支架5 0 2安裝有主 按鍵1 3。主按鍵1 3，是配置在乘座在單座座椅的乘員容 -19- (16) (16)200303189 易操作的位置。在主按鍵1 3的下方是裝架有轉向托架 1 02箱狀或是籠狀的貨物收納裝置1 4，在此貨物收納裝置 1 4的上部是開設有可將貨物等出入的開口。 上述的情況，各元件是由塑膠或是合成樹脂等所形成 的車體蓋所覆蓋，車輛整體可被設計成預定的外觀新式樣 。此情況，在轉向托架1 02周圍實裝有腳護罩等，在前輪 1及後輪2周圍是分別裝設有前擋泥板及後擋泥板。 進一步，在實車上裝備有行走上所需要的安全或者是 保安零件類。這種的裝備品是包含：頭燈、信號燈、殺車 燈、側部後照鏡或者是喇叭等，進一步依據需要加裝其他 的零件等。 在此，轉向托架1 02是如第1 4圖所示，從前托架部 ]〇 6朝上方突出同一寬度。而且本發明中，特別是轉向托 架1〇2，是藉由後述挾持裝置而可裝卸地設在車體托架 1 0 1。此情況，如第15圖在轉向托架〗〇 2的下端，熔接有 例如呈海鷗展翼狀的支架5 〇 7，兩者是被一體化。然而， 在支架5 0 7的凹部內，配設有轉向軸安裝用轂部5〗2及中 間軸安裝用轂部5 1 3。 挾持裝置，是將前托架部1 0 6從上下夾持，並將轉向 托架1 02締結固定如在前托架部1 〇6。此情況，如第1 6 圖所由支架5〇7的夾具部5〇7a、及別體構成的夾具構件 5 1 4將刖托架邰1 0 6從上下挾持，並藉由螺絲將夾具部 5 0 7 a及夾具構件5〗4旋緊而可以安裝轉向托架1 〇 2。如此 ’車體托架1 0 1及轉向托架1 〇2先是別體形成，再藉由挾 -20- (17) (17)200303189 持裝置可裝卸地結合。 進一步在本發明中，如第1 7圖所示，轉向軸5 0 1， 是以轉向把手5 0 5結合的上端部及導桿臂5 0 9結合的下端 部的略中間部，分割成上半部5 0 1 A及下半部5 0 1 B。上半 部5 0 1 A及下半部5 0 1 B，是由作爲彎曲自如的接頭手段的 萬向接頭5 03所連結。此情況’下半部5 0 1 B是從前托架 部106呈略垂直立設，同時上半部501A是朝向單座座椅 地朝後方傾斜配置。 且，如前述，轉向托架1 02雖是從前托架部1 06朝上 方突出，但從第1 7圖等可知，在轉向軸5 0 1的萬向接頭 5 0 3附近朝後方傾斜地彎曲。此情況，轉向托架1 02的前 側的配管材1 〇 2 a、1 0 2 b是與轉向軸5 0 1的上半部5 0 1 A略 平行地彎曲。 對於本發明的小型電動車輛的實際使用，是由乘座在 單座座椅的乘員把持轉向把手5 0 5，拉壓加速桿5 0 6或者 是依據需要踩踏腳制動器4使車輛行走。此情況，從收納 於踏板操作盤3的下側的電池元件7 0 0將電力供給至動力 元件6 0 0，由動力元件6 0 0的電動馬達6 0 1驅動後輪2， 如此，乘員可以順利且適切地駕駛小型電動車輛。 接著，對於本發明的小型電動車輛，特別是使車體托 架1 〇 1及轉向托架1 02別體構成，且使轉向托架1 02設成 可藉由挾持裝置進行裝卸。如此藉由別體構成而可以使貨 物姿態減小而可以輕小化，而可以大幅提高例如往組裝工 場等出貨時的便利性。且因可部分組裝操舵裝置周圍的零 -21 - (18) (18)200303189 件，且藉由以部分組裝的狀態進貨而可以改善組裝效率。 因爲轉向托架1 0 2是藉由挾持裝置而安裝於車體托架 1 0 1，所以在車體托架1 0 1不需施加特別的加工，在組裝 上不費勞力和時間，且可進行無遊隙等高精度地組裝。 且，對於踏板操作盤3的主要領域在沿著其兩側線部 配置的托架彼此之間，收納有具有與該托架的高度略同等 高度的電池盒7 0 1，在此電池盒7 0 1內並列配置複數的二 次電池7 〇 2。如此將複數的二次電池7 0 2配列於同一平面 上，而可將電池搭載空間設定成非常薄。由此一邊確保最 低的地上高度，一邊實現具有寬廣平面的踏板，而使身邊 的有效空間被確保。且，因爲將電池元件7 00配置在車輛 最下部，所以藉由低重心化，來提高靜的及行走安定性。 此情況，更使轉向軸5 0 1的上半部5 0 1 A朝向單座座 椅地朝後方傾斜配置，同時支撐其的轉向托架1 0 2也成爲 與該上半部5 0 1 A略平行地彎曲。如此藉由將操舵軸周圍 彎曲而可以將轉向托架1 02配置在車體托架1 〇 1的最前部 ，配合電池元件7 〇 〇的配置構造地將踏板空間擴大，而可 以確保身邊的有效空間。且，可以將車輛重心不朝車體後 方偏倚地設定在適切位置，來提高車輛的靜的安定性。 如上述，藉由在轉向托架102及腳（膝周圍）之間形成 空間，就可以將貨物收納裝置1 4容易且適切地裝架以。 習知車輛中，因前籠是配置於整流罩或轉向軸的前方，所 以乘員是無法搭乘著進行從該前籠內在貨物的取放。本發 明中，因爲配置於乘員的附近位置，所以貨物收納裝置 -22- (19) (19)200303189 1 4是使用方便，更可預先防止貨物失竊等的事故。 進一步’轉向托架102，因爲是從前托架部1〇6朝上 方立設同一寬度，即不朝車寬方向擴大，可以將轉向托架 1 0 2配置在中央並確保其左右兩側有效空間。此有效空間 是可利用作爲例如腳置放用，或者是利用作爲置物台等也 可以。 且’在車體托架1 0 1的側部及後部雖具有側部手推把 1 1 1及後部手推把1 1 2，但這些的手推把除了其原本的功 能’側部手推把1 1 1更加上例如作爲乘降用階段的功能。 且’ fe邰手推把1 1 2是被期待作爲例如後保險桿的功能。 以上，雖是依據實施形態說明本發明，但本發明並非 限定於這些的實施形態，在本發明的範圍內的變更是可能 的。例如轉向軸5 0 1或者是轉向托架1 〇 2的傾斜角度等， 是不限定在圖示例的情況，可依據需要適宜設定。 (發明之效果） 依據本發明，藉由別體構成車體托架及轉向托架就可 將縮小貨物姿態而可輕小化，可以提高使用性並且可以改 善組裝效率。且，藉由將操舵軸周圍朝後方朝適度地彎曲 來擴大踏板空間，就可以確保身邊的有效空間。且，不會 將車輛重心偏向車體後方而可以設定在適切位置，而可以 提高車輛的靜的安定性。 【圖式簡單說明】 -23- (20) (20)200303189 [第1圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 基本結構的前方立體圖。 [第2圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 基本結構的後方立體圖。 [第3圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 基本結構的側面圖。 [第4圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 基本結構的平面圖。 [第5圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 基本結構的前視圖。 [第6圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 托架元件及電池元件周圍的立體圖。 [第7圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 托架元件周圍的側面圖。 [第8圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 托架元件周圍的平面圖。 [第9圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 前輪支撐機構周圍的立體圖。 [弟1 0圖]藏不本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 單座座椅的轉動機構周圍的立體圖。 [第1 1圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 電池元件的立體圖。 [第I 2圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 電池元件分解的立體圖。 -24- (21) (21)200303189 卜卜 圖]㉝員不本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 電池元件的側面圖。 [第1 4圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 車輛托架及轉向托架周圍的立體圖。 [第1 5圖（a)(b )]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施 形恶的轉向托架的前視圖及側面圖。 [第1 6圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 轉向托架及挾持裝置的立體圖。 [第1 7圖]顯示本發明的小型電動車輛的實施形態的 轉向軸及轉向托架周圍的側面圖。 [圖號 說 明 ] 1 前 輪 2 後輪 3 踏 板 操 作 盤 4 制動器踏板 7 主 控 制 器 8 充電裝置 9 貨 物 收 納 裝 置 10 開關盒 12 電 線 捲 線 器 合 JXEL 13 主按鍵 1 00 托 架 元 件 10 1 車體托架 1 0 2 轉 向 托 架 1 03 主托架 104 後 托 架 1 05 中央托架部 1 06 刖 托 架 部 107 主托架構件 108、 109 、1 10 架橋構件 114 座 椅 柱 200 前輪支撐機構 20 1 底 基 構 件 202 懸吊臂支架 (22)200303189 203 Μ # yQj、 i 1 ' i臂 204 肘 205 車 軸 206 懸 吊 彈 簧 207 支 架 208 主 銷 3 00 後 輪 支 撐機構 3 0 1 車 軸 3 02 支 架 3 03 緩 衝 器 400 座 椅 元 件 40 1 座 椅 緩 衝 托架 402 座 椅 背 部托架 403 座 椅 緩 衝 404 座 椅 背 部 405 手 把 500 操 舵 機 構 50 1 轉 向 軸 505 轉 向 把 手 506 加 速 桿 5 07 支 架 5 0 7 a 夾 具 部 508 中 間 軸 5 09 導 桿 臂 5 10 肘 臂 5 11 導 桿 5 14 夾 具 構 件 5 15 螺 絲 600 電 源 元 件 60 1 電 動 馬 達 700 電 池 元 件 70 1 電 池 盒 7 02 二 次 電 池 703 電 池 控 制 器 704 蓋 705 底 部 護 板200303189 Ο) 玖, Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a small electric vehicle, In particular, it relates to a four-wheeled small electric vehicle for use by elderly people or people with free feet. . [Prior art] Such a small electric vehicle is called, for example, a signa car (trade name), etc. It is used as a means of transportation for the elderly, and its utilization rate is very high. For the basic structure of this small electric vehicle, For example, a passenger seat is provided at the rear of the vehicle body. There is a pedal for the occupant's foot in front of it, A steering shaft for steering the front wheels is further erected in front of the steering shaft. A handle is installed at the upper end of the steering shaft, The occupant is seated in a seat to operate the handle ‘. In recent years, The market for small electric vehicles of the Xenia model has expanded, It is used in a variety of applications. Learning, Although it was purchased in the case of excessive storage space, use, But it is predicted that with the increase of the elderly population in the future, The demand in the metropolis will also increase. The status quo in the metropolis is, Storage space is easily restricted, In addition, the chances of getting in a vehicle such as an elevator are increasing. [Summary of the Invention] (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) When the upper limit of the size is recognized in accordance with a conventional form, It ’s impossible to take the elevator. On the other hand, if the total length is simply reduced, it may cause disadvantages. The basic structure of the recent Xenia car is to arrange the steering shaft and the -5- (2) (2) 200303189 hand shaft in a straight line. If the total length of the vehicle is reduced in this way, the space between the occupant and the handlebar will be reduced. There is also a space to retract the seat to reduce space, But if you set the seat in the rear position, Impairs the static stability of the rear of the vehicle. further, For the static stability of the vehicle, In order to achieve miniaturization in this small electric vehicle, On the periphery of the rear wheel as the driving wheel, there is a power element of an electric motor or a battery that supplies power to the power element. Further provided with a passenger seat, However, only the steering gear is provided around the front wheels. Therefore, it becomes a vehicle structure with a small front wheel load sharing, In this way, the structure which is backward and overturned with the wheel center as the center is not good for stability. And For conventional steering gear, In order to make the handle feel better, it has a structure that extends slightly straight and extends back and up. The situation of this structure, Even if the area of the occupant's foot pedal is the same, However, the oblique part of the steering shaft will narrow the space for the occupants' feet. And Among the small electric vehicles of the conventional four-wheeled Xenia model, Has: The steering shaft that steers the front wheels, And a support member for supporting a handle shaft mounted on an extension line thereof. These ones, It is made of piping, shaft bracket, etc., and its height is suppressed relatively low. In recent years, There are many cases where fekzhu (foot guard) is installed around the handle, In order to install the fairing, a pillar or the like is required. From the standpoint of production or the posture of the goods shipped to the assembly plant, The integration of forced pillars is not the best policy. Generally, it is a different body. therefore, The subject of the invention, Is to provide a way to achieve substantial weight reduction and effectively secure space, A small electric vehicle having a structure that is advantageous in terms of manufacturing or assembling -6-(3) (3) 200303189. (Means for solving problems) To solve the above problems, The small electric vehicle of the present invention has a pedal laid on the bracket below the single seat seat supported on the bracket, A pair of left and right front wheels, which are provided in front of the pedal, are used as steering wheels that swing left and right by the operation of a handle. And a pair of left and right rear wheels which are provided as driving wheels driven by power elements at the lower rear portion of the single seat, And a small electric vehicle provided with a battery element that supplies power to the power element, It is characterized by a steering shaft that supports the handle provided at the upper end and can swing left and right, and protrudes upward from the front end of the pedal, And the front end of the suspension arm extending outward in the left-right direction is turned to the elbow of the front wheel, which is supported swingably to the left and right via the king pin, It has a steering gear that is connected to each other via a guide arm and an elbow arm. The steering device is disposed below the pedal and at the front end portion of the vehicle body bracket extending forward and backward of the vehicle. A steering bracket rotatably supporting the steering shaft is detachably provided on the vehicle body bracket. And For the small electric vehicle of the present invention, among them, The aforementioned pedal, By: The main pedal portion, which is located behind the front wheels and has a left and right facing surface of the front wheels, is spaced approximately equally apart, And a front pedal portion that is smaller than the left-to-right facing distance of the front wheel and that is smaller in width than the main pedal portion and extends forward of the main pedal portion, The aforementioned vehicle body bracket, The aforementioned main pedal is formed by having a space approximately equal to the inside of the left and right front wheels, and extending forward and backward along the left and right edges of the main pedal portion.--(4) (4) 200303189 center bracket section, And a front bracket portion extending and supporting the front wheel and the steering device that steers the front wheel and facing the center bracket portion with a facing interval smaller than the left and right facing intervals of the front wheel and forming the front pedal portion , And a rear bracket that extends from the central bracket portion toward the rear and supports the single seat, the power supply element, and the rear wheel. And For the small electric vehicle of the present invention, among them, Set the aforementioned central bracket 邰, Then, the bracket portion and the rear bracket are formed by a pair of left and right main bracket frame members. Side handles protruding outward from the center bracket portion on the side of the main bracket member, And a rear handlebar protruding toward the rear of the single seat and connected to the rear ends of the pair of left and right main bracket members. And 'for the small electric vehicle of the present invention, among them, The aforementioned steering shaft, It is divided into an upper half and a lower half at an approximately middle portion of an upper end portion coupled to the handle and a lower end portion coupled to the guide arm, and, The upper half and the lower half are connected by a flexible joint means, The lower half is erected slightly vertically while the upper half is inclined rearwardly toward the single seat. And 'for the small electric vehicle of the present invention, among them, The aforementioned steering bracket ’is bent obliquely rearward near the joint means, and, It can be attached to and detached from the aforementioned front bracket portion with the same width upward. And 'for the small electric vehicle of the present invention, among them, The aforementioned bogie, It is attachable and detachable to the vehicle body bracket by a holding device. According to the invention, By constructing the car body bracket and the steering bracket by other bodies, the cargo posture can be reduced and the weight can be reduced. Can improve usability and can be changed; -8- (5) (5) 200303189 Good assembly efficiency. And Increase the pedal space by bending the steering shaft around towards the rear, You can ensure effective space around you. And It can be set in a proper position without deviating the center of gravity of the vehicle to the rear of the vehicle body. It can improve the static stability of the vehicle. [Embodiment] A small electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figures 1 to 5 It shows the overall structure of a small electric vehicle according to this embodiment. This embodiment is an example of a four-wheeled small electric vehicle. For these drawings, a pair of left and right front wheels 1 and rear wheels 2 are supported at the front and rear portions of a bracket element 100 including a vehicle body bracket, respectively. The front wheel 1 is a front wheel support mechanism 200, The rear wheel 2 is supported by the rear wheel support mechanism 300. Near the rear of the carriage element I 0 0, The seat element 4 0 0 is formed to form a single seat that can seat a single occupant. Under the single seat forward, There is a pedal operation panel 3 forming a low-footed occupant's foot pedal which is laid on a vehicle body bracket. On the front of the bracket element 100, The steering mechanism 5 0 is provided with a front wheel 1 that is steered by a handle operation as a steering wheel that swings left and right. In this example, the rear wheel 2 is used as the driving wheel. It is driven by a power element 600, which includes an electric motor provided at the lower rear portion of the single seat. Moreover, in the present invention, Under the pedal operation panel 3, A battery element 700 including a secondary battery that supplies electric power to the power element 600 is arranged. Bracket element 100, Also referring to FIGS. 6 to 8, It is made up of a steering bracket, such as a body bracket 101 that supports the chassis part, and steering handles such as steering handles -9-(6) (6) 200303189 1 0 2, The vehicle body bracket 101 includes a main bracket 103 and a rear bracket] 04. The main bracket 103 is further composed of a front bracket portion 106 extending in front of the center bracket portion 105 and the center bracket portion 105. Main bracket 1 0 3, Contains a pair of main bracket members 107 arranged on the left and right sides in the front-rear direction, And the main bracket member 107 is near the boundary between the central bracket portion 105 and the front bracket portion 106, The apex has a thinner and narrower shape as shown in FIG. The main bracket member 107 is preferably formed of a square pipe, However, it is not limited to this, and it may be formed of, for example, a U-shaped steel or a circular pipe. In either case, Each of the main bracket members 107 has a fixed height (thickness in the vertical direction). And Each main bracket member 107 is provided with a knob 111 ° protruding outward, for example, formed of a circular pipe, In this example, three bridge members 1 ο cross the main bracket member 107 in the vicinity of the front end portion, the center bracket portion 105, and the front bracket portion 106, and the rear end portion. 8, 1 0 9, 1 1 0, This ensures high rigidity of the main bracket 103. Bridge member 1 08, 1 09, As shown in Figure 7, Is formed by protruding downwards, The base member of the front wheel support mechanism described later is arranged on the bridge member 108, 1 0 9 on. however, In the real car, As shown in Figure 7, Main bracket 〖03 is a tilted state that rises moderately forward, At this time, the base member of the front wheel support mechanism, It is supported so that the rotation axis of the suspension arm described later and the rear inclination angle of the king pin (master pin backward tilt angle) rise perpendicularly to the front. here, Steering bracket 1 0 2, As shown in FIG. 9 ', four pipe materials 1 0 2 a to d are inside the front end portion of the front bracket portion 10 6. Supported integrally by -10- (7) (7) 200303189. The steering bracket [02] stands upright from the front bracket [00] (the main bracket member 107) ', but as described above, Since the main bracket ι03 is tilted forward, the steering bracket 102 is also tilted to the side of the single seat moderately. However, the 'steering bracket 102 is preferably formed of a square pipe. The rear bracket 10 04 ′ is from each main bracket member; [07 near the rear end part is tilted rearward and upward, At the rear end portions, n 2 are combined with each other by hand pushing. In the middle of the front-back direction of the rear bracket 104, Is the cross frame a bridge member with a slightly arched or platform shape 1 1 3, A seat post 1 14 for supporting the seat element 400 is mounted on an upper portion of the bridge member 1 1 3. Rear bracket 1 〇4 or bridge member 1 1 3, Although it is best to be formed from a square tube, However, it is not limited to this, and may be formed of, for example, a U-shaped steel or a circular pipe. At the rear end of the rear bracket] 04, The cross frame has a bridge member 1 1 5 which is formed to be bent downward in a protruding manner. Front wheel support mechanism 2 0 0, Although the front wheel 1 can be supported freely and swingably, But contains: The base member 2 0 1 as a support portion held below the front bracket portion 106, And the suspension arm bracket 2 02 fixed on the base member 2 01, And a suspension arm 2 03 which can be swingably supported in the up-down direction by a suspension arm bracket 202 and is extended from the center portion of the vehicle's left-right direction to the outside while the front wheel I can be rotatably supported at the outside end . here, Mainly by this front wheel support mechanism 200, The front side of the battery case, which will be described later, extends to the left and right between the faces passing through the left and right front wheels 1, The protruding structure is formed by a rigid member protruding toward the lower side of the battery case. That is, the protruding structure is shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 or Fig. 7 etc. The bottom is formed by protrudingly arranged below the front bracket section 〇6-11-(8) (8) 200303189 Base member 201, And suspension arm bracket 202, And suspension arm 203, etc. By providing such a protruding structure on the front and lower sides of the battery case, Forming a barrier or a protection means of a battery box having a function as a power source device of a vehicle, And can effectively protect the fragile power supply device. however, Even with such a protruding structure protruding downward from the front bracket portion 106, But in real cars, Since the pedal 3 is arranged upward and inclined (refer to FIG. 7), it does not protrude downward. It can effectively ensure the lowest ground height. For the front wheel support mechanism 200, Also referring to Figure 9, The bridge members 108 disposed on the main bracket 103, On the base member 201 on 109, The left and right suspension arms 203 are respectively provided with two suspension arm brackets 202 on the front and rear. Each suspension arm 2 0 3 has a bifurcated shape that diverges forward and backward, The two basal ends (inner ends) of the divergence are pivotally supported by two front and rear suspension arm brackets 202 that can be pivoted up and down. At the tip of the suspension arm 20 03, The c-shaped elbow 204 (front wheel steering elbow) is pivoted to the left and right through the king pin 208. Extend axle 2 5 horizontally at elbow 2 0 4 The front wheel 1 is rotatably supported on the axle 2 05 here. A bracket 2 07 for fixing a suspension spring 2 0 6 is fixed to an outer portion of the front bracket portion 106, A suspension spring 206 is installed between the bracket 207 and the suspension arm 203 (the front side in the bifurcated branch). Rear wheel support mechanism 300, The rear wheel 2 is supported in cooperation with the power element 600. In this case, The power element 6 0 0 is an electric motor and a reduction gear group connected to its output shaft. And the fulcrum of the final gear is the axle 3 0 1 which becomes the rear wheel 2. The front end side of the power element 6 0 0, It is supported by the shaft -12- (9) (9) 200303189 via the bracket 3 〇 2 (refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, etc.) fixed to the rear end of the main support frame member. Rear end side of power element 600, It is connected to the lower end of the buffer 3 03. The upper end of the buffer 3 0 3, It is a bracket 3 fixed to the rear end of the rear bracket 104 (M is supported by a shaft. however, Buffer 3 〇3, Compression coil springs or oil pressure can also be used. For seat element 400, The seat cushion bracket 401 and the seat back bracket 402 formed of a square pipe and the like are integrated into a L-shape. The seat cushion bracket 401 is supported on the seat post 1 1 4 to be formed horizontally. In this case, The seat element 400 is rotatable to the left and right, It is optionally supported and fixed at a plurality of angular positions during its rotation. A seat cushion 4 03 as an elastic body is attached to the seat cushion bracket 40 1, An elastic body seat back 404 is attached to the seat back bracket 402. At the moderate height position of the seat back bracket 4 02, Make the handle 4 0 5 turnable and supported. The occupant seated on a seat element 4 0 0 supported on a seat post I 1 4 as shown in FIG. 3, Place your foot on the pedal operation panel 3, On the other hand, the foot brake 4 that can be stepped near the front portion of the pedal operation panel 3 can be stepped on. Here, a configuration example of the rotation support mechanism of a single seat will be described. In Figure 10, A seat cushion bracket 4 0 1 is combined with the lower base support 4 0 6, A seat pipe 407 is suspended from the base bracket 406. On the one hand, a piping bracket 408 is fitted to the seat post 114. A seat pipe 407 is rotatably embedded in the pipe bracket 408. As a result, the single seat can be rotated left and right with the seat cushion bracket 401. however, The piping bracket 4 08 is attachable to and detachable from the seat post 1 1 4. An operating lever bracket 4 1 0 with a bearing 409 is fixed to the front of the base support -13- (10) (10) 200303189. Rotating shaft 4 1 1 is inserted in bearing 409, The rotating shaft 4 1 1 is extended to the outside and is bent appropriately as shown in the figure to form a lever portion 4 1 2. On the rotation axis 4 1 1, An opening 4 1 3 opened from the base support 4 6 is fixed with a claw piece 4 1 4 protruding downward. The claw piece 4 1 4 can be rotated by the operation of the operation lever portion 4 1 2. Claw 4 1 4 It has a hole 414a which engages with a tooth of a stopper plate which will be described later. on the one hand, A stopper plate 4 1 5 is fixed to the upper end of the piping bracket 408. Further, a plurality of teeth 4 1 6 are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the stopper plate 4 1 5 at an appropriate angular interval. Both sides of each tooth 4 1 6 are cut out as play, This can be engaged with the claw piece 4 1 4. By inserting the seat pipe 407 into the pipe bracket 408, The single seat is supported on the seat post 1 1 4. In this case, The claw piece 4 1 4 is engaged with the desired tooth 4 1 6 by the operation of the operation lever portion 4 1 2. The single seat can optionally be fixed in the desired angular position. For the steering mechanism 5 00-refer to Figure 5 or Figure 9, etc. Inside the steering bracket 102 is a plurality of brackets 502, The steering shaft 501 is held rotatably. The steering shaft 5 0 1 is a universal joint 5 0 3 in the middle of the longitudinal direction. Bent towards the side of the single seat, A steering handle 505 is supported at its upper end via a bracket 504. The front part of the steering handle 505 is cut into a U shape, While holding the steering handle 5 0 5 in place, On one side, the bracket 504 mounted on the acceleration lever 506 is rotated. Inside the front end portion of each main bracket member 107 of the front bracket portion 106, With a bracket 5 07, The bracket 5 07 is provided with a hub for rotatably supporting the lower end of the steering shaft 5 01. Steering shaft -14-(11) (11) 200303189 5 ο 1 on bracket 5 0 7 An intermediate shaft 508 having a gear meshing with a gear provided at the lower end of the steering shaft 501 is arranged. Although a guide arm 5 0 9 is fixed to the intermediate shaft 5 0 8, But if you turn the steering shaft 501 to the right or left, The guide arm 509 will rotate to the right or left via the intermediate shaft 508. For each front wheel 1, The elbow arm 5 1 0 and the guide arm 5 09 fixed to the elbow 20 04 are connected to each other via the guide rod 5 1 1. By turning the steering handle 5 0 5 to the right and left, You can pass the steering shaft 5 0 1. Intermediate shaft 5 0 8, The guide arm 5 09 and the guide 5 1 1 steer the front wheel 1 to the right or left. By setting the intermediate shaft 5 0 8 in this way, The front wheel 1 can be steered in the same direction as the turning direction of the steering handle 505. In this case, By appropriately selecting the gear ratio of the gear on the steering shaft 5 01 side and the gear on the intermediate shaft 5 08 side, You can set the steering angle and steering force appropriately. The power element 6 〇 〇 is as described above, The rear wheel 2 is supported in coordination with the rear wheel support mechanism 300. The battery element 700, which will be described later, supplies electric power to the power element 600 to drive the electric motor 601. For the battery element 7 of the present invention, As shown in FIG. 8, in the main area of the pedal (or pedal operation panel) 3, Between the brackets arranged along the edges of both sides, Store a battery case 7 0 1 with a height approximately equal to the height of the bracket. A plurality of secondary batteries 7 0 2 are arranged in different sections in the battery case 7 0 I. On the picture side, A plurality of secondary batteries 702 are arranged in two rows on the same plane. here, The pedal 3 is a main pedal portion 5 which is located behind the front wheel 1 and has a width approximately equal to the interval between the left and right sides of the front wheel 1. And the front pedal portion 6 is formed with a width smaller than that of the front wheel 1 facing left and right and smaller than the main pedal portion 5 -15- (12) (12) 200303189 extended toward the front of the main pedal portion 5. The main area of pedal 3, Is composed of the main pedal section 5, A battery box 701 is configured in this section. And Central bracket portion of the aforementioned main bracket 103 It extends forward and backward along the left and right line portions of the main tread portion 5. Front bracket section 〖〇 6, The facing interval is smaller than the facing distance between the left and right of the front wheel 1, and is extended toward the front of the center bracket portion 105. In this example, The main bracket members 1 0 7 constituting the central bracket portion 105 are between each other, It is equipped with a battery box 701. The battery box 7 0 1 is shown in FIG. 11. It is slightly thin box-shaped, It is formed at approximately the same height as the main bracket member 107. and, The battery case 701 is disposed below the main pedal portion 5 and is disposed on the main bracket member] 〇 7. The dry secondary battery 702 used in the present invention, Lithium-ion batteries are typically used. This type of dry secondary battery, Most batteries are usually packaged. In this case, In order to increase the density of large battery modules, And more staggered stacking, Because of this it becomes quite significant. In this embodiment, As mentioned above, because it has a pair of left and right front wheels 1, The main pedal portion 5 can be formed into a large area having a width that is slightly equal to the interval between the left and right facing front wheels 1, Therefore, a total of eight secondary batteries 702 can be arranged on the same plane. By making the width (diameter) of the secondary battery 702 equal to the height of the main bracket member 107, Or slightly higher, The battery mounting space can be made very thin. At the bottom of the battery case 7 As shown in Figure 12 It has a plurality of concave-convex holding portions formed on the outer shape of the Yu secondary battery 702. In this embodiment, this holding portion A plurality of semilunar ribs 701 a are formed. As described above, by arranging the secondary battery 702 on the same plane, The secondary battery-16 _ (13) (13) 200303189 7 0 2 must be fixed to the battery case 7 0 1 without vibration or the like. By providing a half-moon rib 70 1 a, The secondary battery 702 is appropriately fixed so as not to dry out. The battery case 7 0 1 is a flange-shaped mounting portion 7 0 1 b on the left and right sides, In a state where the mounting portion 7 0 1 b is placed on the main bracket member 10 7, It is attached to the main bracket member 107 by a small screw or the like. In this case, An insertion hole 70 1 c is provided with a small screw for mounting. On the front of the battery box 70 1, That is, the front side of the secondary battery 7 0 2 on the front row side is 7 0 1 d through the bracket. A battery controller (base plate) 703 is provided. Battery controller 7 0 3, Although controlled so that no capacity difference or potential difference occurs between the secondary batteries 7 0 2 (batteries), However, the bottom of the battery case 70 1 is set to be vertical. In this way, the battery controller 703 is set to be vertical between the parts around the front suspension and the secondary battery 702. You can effectively use the space in the front and rear directions. however, Even if the battery controller 7 0 3 is set vertically, In the real car, Because the pedal is tilted forward, So it does n’t stick out downwards, Can effectively ensure the lowest ground height. As shown in Figure 12 or Figure 13 on the upper part of the battery box 7 0 1 A flat cover 704 is covered. The cover 704 has a shape integrated with the upper opening of the battery case 701, A plurality of claw pieces 704a are provided perpendicularly from a peripheral portion of the lower portion. The battery case 701 is provided with a plurality of engaging portions 70le corresponding to the claw pieces 704a. The cover 704 is fixed by engaging the claw piece 704a with the engaging portion 701e. however, At the junction of the battery case 701 and the cover 704, To prevent water or dust from entering the battery case 701, a gasket is installed. By covering and fixing the cover 704 to the battery case 701 housing the secondary battery 702, Can form a battery or battery plastic box. -17- (14) (14) 200303189 and As shown in Figure 13 On the top of the battery or battery plastic box, That is, the pedal operation panel 3 is arranged above the cover 7 0 4. The pedal operation panel 3 is placed on the mounting portion 7 0 1 b of the battery case 7 01 through a spacer, It is attached to the main bracket member 107 by a small screw or the like. In this case, The peripheral part of the pedal operation panel 3 is provided with an insertion hole 3 a of a small screw for installation, and, The mounting portion 70b is also provided with a through hole corresponding to the position of the through hole 3a 70 1 f ° On the lower side of the battery or battery plastic case, That is, the bottom side of the battery case 701 is provided with a substantially flat bottom guard 70S. The bottom shield 7 0 5 covers the lower part of the battery case 7 01 and is attached to the bridge member 10 9 and the bridge member 1 10 by screws or the like (refer to FIG. 6 and the like). In this case, Insertion holes 705a 'and 705b (Fig. 12) are provided at the front edge portion and the rear edge portion of the bottom shield 705, respectively, for mounting screws. further, For the small electric vehicle of the present invention, please refer to the foregoing drawings, In the lower front half of the single seat disposed behind the pedal 3, As shown in Figure 3, etc. Equipped with: The main controller for electronic control should be the power supplied to the electric motor 6 0 1 of the power element 6 0 0, And a charging device 8 for a secondary battery 702 for charging to the battery element 700. Main controller 7 and charging device 8, It is covered by a vehicle body cover (not shown) formed integrally and continuously from the pedal 3, So that it will not be exposed to the outside. And 'a box-shaped or cage-shaped cargo storage device 9 is mounted in the space between the left and right to the rear wheel 2 located behind the main controller 7 and the like, An opening □ 9 a is provided at the upper portion of the goods storage device 9 for loading and unloading of goods and the like. As mentioned before, The single seat is near the upper part of the seat post 11 4 -18- (15) (15) 200303189 is rotatably supported around the seat post] 1 4. By turning the single seat appropriately, A part of or all of the opening 9a located in the cargo storage device 9 can be opened and closed from above by a single seat. on the one hand, For the upper part of the steering bracket 102, A switch box (operation panel) 10 is installed near the front of the steering handle 5 0 5. This switch box 1 0, As shown in Figure 7, A slightly key-shaped bracket 11 fixed to the upper end of the steering bracket 102 is supported. Although the switch box 10 is equipped with various switches, But equipped with, for example, Speed setting knob, Battery residual quantity display and charging lamp, Even left and right turn signal switches and horn buttons. Switch box 1 0, It is arranged at a moderately inclined position near the front of the steering handle 5 0 5 The switches required for the operation are easily accessible by hand. And the position where the display content such as a display lamp is easily seen by the eye. Therefore, A passenger seated in a single seat, The switches of the switch box 10 can be operated easily and reliably. at this time, The accelerator lever 5 06 can be operated as required. And The wire winder box 12 in which the wire winder is built in a position near the lower part of the switch box 10 is mounted on the steering bracket 102. The charging wire pushed in the winding direction in the wire winder, Can be spit out and rolled back, This charging wire is connected to the charging device 8. When the secondary battery 702 of the battery element 700 is being charged, Is to spit out the charging wire from the wire reel box, The charging device 8 is connected to an external power source through the charging wire. On the upper part of the steering bracket 102, For example, the main button 1 3 is mounted on the bracket 5 02. Main button 1 3, It is arranged in the occupant capacity of a single seat. Below the main button 1 3 is a box-shaped or cage-shaped cargo storage device 1 4 with a steering bracket 102. An opening is provided in the upper portion of the cargo storage device 14 to allow cargo to enter and exit. The above situation, Each component is covered by a car body cover made of plastic or synthetic resin, etc. The vehicle as a whole can be designed into a new look with a predetermined appearance. In this case, There are foot guards etc. around the steering bracket 102. Around the front wheel 1 and the rear wheel 2 are respectively installed a front fender and a rear fender. further, The real vehicle is equipped with safety or security parts required for walking. This equipment item contains: headlamp, Semaphore, Kill lights, Side mirrors or speakers, etc. Further install other parts as needed. here, Steering bracket 102 is shown in Figure 14 From the front bracket part] 〇 6 protrudes upward by the same width. Moreover, in the present invention, Especially the steering bracket 10, It is detachably provided on the vehicle body bracket 1 by a holding device described later. In this case, As shown in Figure 15 at the lower end of the steering bracket, Welded, for example, a bracket 5 with a seagull spreading wings, The two are integrated. however, In the recess of the bracket 5 0 7 The steering shaft mounting hub 5 is provided, and the intermediate shaft mounting hub 5 is provided. Holding device, It clamps the front bracket part 106 from up and down, The steering bracket 102 is fixed and fixed as in the front bracket portion 106. In this case, As shown in Fig. 16, the holder portion 507a of the holder 507, And other fixture members 5 1 4 Hold the 刖 bracket 邰 1 6 from above and below, The clamp bracket 5 0 7 a and the clamp member 5 can be tightened by screws to install the steering bracket 102. In this way, the body bracket 101 and the steering bracket 102 are formed separately. Then 挟 -20- (17) (17) 200303189 holding device can be removably combined. Further in the present invention, As shown in Figure 17 Steering shaft 5 0 1, The upper end portion of the steering handle 5 0 5 and the lower end portion of the guide arm 5 9 9 are connected. Divided into the upper half 501 A and the lower half 501 B. The upper half 5 0 1 A and the lower half 5 0 1 B, It is connected by a universal joint 503 which is a flexible joint means. In this case, the lower half portion 5 0 B is erected slightly vertically from the front bracket portion 106, At the same time, the upper half 501A is arranged obliquely rearward toward the single seat. And As mentioned before, Although the steering bracket 10 02 protrudes upward from the front bracket portion 106, But from Figure 17 and so on, The vicinity of the universal joint 5 0 3 of the steering shaft 5 0 1 is bent obliquely rearward. In this case, Piping material 1 2 on the front side of the steering bracket 102 1 0 2 b is bent slightly parallel to the upper half 5 0 1 A of the steering shaft 5 0 1. For practical use of the small electric vehicle of the present invention, The steering handle 5 0 5 is held by the occupant seated in the single seat. Pull and push the acceleration lever 5 0 6 or step on the foot brake 4 as needed to make the vehicle move. In this case, Power is supplied from the battery element 7 0 0 stored under the pedal operation panel 3 to the power element 6 0 0, The rear wheel 2 is driven by the electric motor 6 0 1 of the power element 6 0 0, in this way, The occupants can drive small electric vehicles smoothly and appropriately. then, For the small electric vehicle of the present invention, In particular, the body bracket 101 and the steering bracket 102 are formed separately. In addition, the steering bracket 102 is set to be attachable and detachable by a holding device. In this way, the structure of the goods can be reduced and lightened by the structure of other bodies. This greatly improves the convenience when shipping to an assembly plant. And because the zero -21-(18) (18) 200303189 pieces around the steering gear can be partially assembled, In addition, it is possible to improve assembly efficiency by receiving the product in a partially assembled state. Because the steering bracket 1 0 2 is mounted on the vehicle body bracket 1 0 1 by a holding device, So there is no need to apply special processing to the car body bracket 101. No labor and time in assembly, It can also be assembled with high accuracy without backlash. And The main area of the pedal operation panel 3 is between the brackets arranged along the line portions on both sides thereof, A battery box 7 0 1 having a height almost equal to the height of the bracket is stored, A plurality of secondary batteries 702 are arranged in parallel in this battery case 701. In this way, a plurality of secondary batteries 7 0 2 are arranged on the same plane. The battery mounting space can be set very thin. So as to ensure the lowest ground height, While realizing a pedal with a wide plane, The effective space around you is ensured. And Because the battery element 700 is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle, So by lowering the center of gravity, To improve static and walking stability. In this case, The upper half 5 0 1 A of the steering shaft 5 0 1 is arranged inclined toward the rear of the single seat, The steering bracket 10 2 supporting it at the same time also bends slightly parallel to the upper half 50 1 A. In this way, the steering bracket 102 can be arranged at the forefront of the vehicle body bracket 101 by bending around the steering shaft, Expanding the pedal space in accordance with the configuration of the battery element 700 It ensures effective space around you. And The center of gravity of the vehicle can be set in an appropriate position without biasing towards the rear of the vehicle body. To improve the static stability of the vehicle. As above, By forming a space between the steering bracket 102 and the feet (around the knee), The cargo storage device 14 can be easily and appropriately mounted. In a conventional vehicle, Because the front cage is placed in front of the fairing or steering shaft, Therefore, the occupants were unable to board and pick up and place the cargo from the front cage. In this invention, Because it is located near the occupant, So the cargo storage device -22- (19) (19) 200303189 1 4 is easy to use, It also prevents accidents such as theft of goods. Further 'steering bracket 102, Because the same width is set up from the front bracket portion 106, That is, it does not expand toward the width of the car. The steering bracket 102 can be arranged in the center and ensure effective space on its left and right sides. This effective space is available for example for foot placement, Alternatively, it may be used as a shelf or the like. And ’although there are side handles 1 1 1 and rear handles 1 1 2 on the side and rear of the vehicle body bracket 1 0 1, However, in addition to the original functions of these hand pushers, the side hand pushers 1 1 1 are further used, for example, as functions for the boarding and landing stages. And 'fe 邰 hand push 1 1 2 is expected to function as, for example, a rear bumper. the above, Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments, However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Changes within the scope of the invention are possible. For example, the tilt angle of the steering shaft 501 or the steering bracket 102, etc. It is not limited to the example shown in the figure, Can be set as appropriate. (Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, By constructing the car body bracket and the steering bracket by other bodies, the cargo posture can be reduced and the weight can be reduced. This improves usability and improves assembly efficiency. And Increase the pedal space by bending the steering shaft around towards the rear, You can ensure effective space around you. And It can be set in a proper position without deviating the center of gravity of the vehicle to the rear of the vehicle body. It can improve the static stability of the vehicle. [Brief description of the drawings] -23- (20) (20) 200303189 [Fig. 1] A front perspective view showing a basic structure of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 2] A rear perspective view showing a basic structure of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 3] A side view showing a basic structure of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 4] A plan view showing a basic structure of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 5] A front view showing a basic structure of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 6] A perspective view showing the surroundings of a bracket element and a battery element of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 7] A side view showing the periphery of a bracket element of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 8] A plan view showing the periphery of a bracket element of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [FIG. 9] A perspective view showing the periphery of a front wheel support mechanism of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Picture 10] A perspective view of the periphery of a single-seat turning mechanism in a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [FIG. 11] A perspective view showing a battery element of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 12] An exploded perspective view showing a battery element of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. -24- (21) (21) 200303189 [Picture] A side view of a battery element of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 14] A perspective view showing the periphery of a vehicle bracket and a steering bracket of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [FIG. 15 (a) (b)] A front view and a side view of a steering bracket showing a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [FIG. 16] A perspective view showing a steering bracket and a holding device of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 17] A side view showing the periphery of a steering shaft and a steering bracket of a small electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Illustration of figure number] 1 Front wheel 2 Rear wheel 3 Pedal operation panel 4 Brake pedal 7 Main controller 8 Charging device 9 Cargo storage device 10 Switch box 12 Wire reel with JXEL 13 Main button 1 00 Bracket element 10 1 Car body support Frame 1 0 2 Steering bracket 1 03 Main bracket 104 Rear bracket 1 05 Central bracket portion 1 06 刖 bracket portion 107 Main bracket member 108, 109, 1 10 Bridge member 114 Seat post 200 Front wheel support mechanism 20 1 Base base member 202 Suspension arm bracket (22) 200303189 203 Μ # yQj 、 i 1 'i arm 204 elbow 205 axle 206 suspension spring 207 bracket 208 king pin 3 00 rear wheel support mechanism 3 0 1 axle 3 02 bracket 3 03 bumper 400 seat element 40 1 seat cushion bracket 402 seat back Bracket 403 Seat cushioning 404 Seat back 405 Handlebar 500 Steering mechanism 50 1 Steering shaft 505 Steering handle 506 Accelerator lever 5 07 Bracket 5 0 7 a Fixture part 508 Middle shaft 5 09 Guide arm 5 10 Elbow arm 5 11 Guide Rod 5 14 Fixture member 5 15 Screw 600 Power supply element 60 1 Electric motor 700 Battery element 70 1 Battery case 7 02 Secondary battery 703 Battery controller 704 Cover 705 Bottom guard
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