TR2023003131U5 - INTERMEDIATE HOERING MACHINE WITH ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLED SENSOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to the development of an intermediate hoeing machine that is used to clear unwanted weeds for the improvement of the soil between trees in agricultural lands with various trees and saplings, orchards, forest lands, in short, in agricultural areas with trees.

Description

DESCRIPTION INTERMEDIATE HOEING MACHINE WITH ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLED SENSOR Technical Field The invention is related to the development of an intermediate hoeing machine used in agricultural lands with various trees and saplings, orchards, forest lands, in short, in agricultural areas with trees, for the improvement of the soil between trees and for cleaning unwanted weeds. Known State of the Technique Hoeing is done for purposes such as aerating compacted soil, facilitating the penetration of water into the soil, clearing weeds, making the topsoil crumble, and breaking the cream layer formed especially in clayey soils, etc. The most important benefit of hoeing between trees is that it helps combat unwanted weeds. By removing unwanted plants in the soil, the nutrients that the tree (fruits) will receive increases. Controlling weeds by turning the soil around the plants is achieved by removing and hoeing. In addition, the grass removed by intermediate hoeing also serves as natural fertilizer for the soil. Picking fruit between trees becomes easier. Many harmful weeds grow among the trees lined up in orchards. These weeds take various minerals and water from the soil and reduce the yield of the fruits of the trees. In the past, pesticides were used to cure these weeds, allowing them to dry out. However, pesticides caused negativities in terms of organic agriculture due to their contact with the environment and the trees and their fruits. As a result, the harmful weeds between the trees were started to be combated by hoeing them. Intermediate hoeing machines are connected to a tow tractor and move to the right and left thanks to the moving arms, and perform the hoeing work in the intermediate areas on the right and left sides where the tractor cannot enter between the trees (or where entering increases time and labor). Another alternative is to hoe laterally after hoeing forward. However, it causes twice the work in terms of labor, time and tractor fuel consumption. For these reasons, intermediate hoeing is extremely practical and economical and is the most efficient solution for the areas between rows of fruit trees. In current technology, the intermediate hoeing machine is connected to a tractor with a tractor in front via moving arms. The intermediate hoeing machine is a structure with a head group on the right or left side on the rear chassis. There are blades at the bottom of the head group that perform the hoeing process. While the hoeing process is carried out during straight progress, an intermediate hoe machine enters between the trees on the sides. A sensor system has been developed to perform this process. The sensor is a contact bar, and it provides the command to move left and right while the tractor moves parallel to the trees, while the intermediate hoe head group enters and exits the areas at the bottom/between the trees on its side. While the tractor is moving straight, the intermediate hoeing machine hoes between trees, but when it comes to a tree, the feeler is triggered backwards by touching the tree, the wire connected to the feeler is pulled (rope system) and the valve is moved to return the head group in the opposite direction (opposite to the direction in which it is processed), allowing it to get rid of the tree. gives. The returning head group relaxes when the sensor is released (cutting contact with the tree) and returns to its previous position thanks to the spring force attached to the sensor to the chassis. The head group regains its previous position and continues the hoeing process between the trees. In order for the sensor to return to its previous position, it is contacted with a hard spring. Some young trees (1.2-year-old saplings) cannot trigger the sensor because they cannot resist sensor contact and continue to crush the sapling. To solve this problem, a control lever is positioned next to the personnel operating the tractor. This control lever, which enables manual triggering of the sensor in contact with the tree, is included in the same system and allows the wire to be withdrawn. When the arm is released, it returns to its previous position thanks to the spring in the area where the sensor is connected to the chassis. The system has a mechanical structure that is difficult to operate and use due to the power in its spring structure and consumes personnel energy. Due to the hardness of the spring, which allows such mechanical system intermediate hoeing machines to come back after leaving the trees they are working on, many young trees have the problem of falling over and being trapped under the hoe when they come into contact with young trees. Again, with a mechanical control lever that acts as a sensor, the personnel operating the tractor both drives the vehicle and uses power to trigger the intermediate hoeing machine to come out of the trees, which both increases labor and reduces working efficiency. In addition, in mechanical intermediate hoeing, the tractor moving at a constant speed must operate at high speeds while adjusting the feeler and hoeing speed. For this reason, tractor energy consumption (fuel) also increases. Various new models and patents were found in the research on the invention. These will be used. Cereals, feed, oilseeds, etc. Unlike traditional type fertilizers used during planting and growing plants; The existing pneumatic sowing, intermediate hoeing, etc. will be used for applying micro granular fertilizers to the field. It is about an electromechanical micro granular fertilizer spreading method and machine that allows the user/farmer to adjust the amount of fertilizer he wants to spread per decare by being positioned on agricultural equipment and to apply the desired amount of fertilizer to the soil pneumatically by processing the instantaneous linear velocity data. Another application belonging to the prior art is the f.model with application number 2013/07540. This invention is especially related to the fertilizer-independent disc intermediate hoe machine (1), which was developed as an alternative intermediate hoe combination to intermediate hoeing done with a milled intermediate hoe machine. Independent disc cultivator with fertilizer (1); The cultivator unit (2), which cuts the weeds between the rows and brings their roots to the surface, tears the soil, swells it, breaks it down and aerates the plant roots. A double-acting independent disc harrow unit (3) that prevents moisture loss by breaking down the capillary tubes that thicken and increase water loss, a rotary harrow unit (4) that breaks the cream layer and crumbles the clods, and at least one fertilizer unit that ensures that the plant nutrients lost in the soil are returned to the soil. (5) is related to its content. Another application belonging to the prior art is the f.model with application number 2011/08973, and this application is especially related to the disc intermediate hoe apparatus (1), which was developed as an alternative intermediate hoe combination to intermediate hoeing done with a milled intermediate hoe machine. Disc intermediate anchor apparatus (1); The cultivator unit (2), which cuts the weeds between the rows and brings their roots to the surface, tears the soil, swells it, breaks it down and aerates the plant roots, swelling the soil by working superficially, breaking clods and large pieces of soil, bringing the weed roots to the surface, due to the settling of the soil over time after rain or irrigation. It is related to the fact that it contains a double-action disc harrow unit (3), which prevents moisture loss by breaking down the capillary tubes that increase water loss, and a rotary harrow unit (4), which ensures the breaking of the cream layer and the crumbling of the clods. The application is a hoe with hydraulic bypass valve (12) and hydraulic direction valve (13), which penetrates to the bottom of the trees in rows on the land in dwarf and semi-dwarf orchards, cleans the harmful weeds at the bottom and on the soil surface, hoes, digs and aerates the soil. It is related to the development of the machine (1). As a result, intermediate hoeing machines that perform hoeing operations between trees in agricultural lands with trees, especially in orchards, have been manufactured and various features have been provided. The intermediate hoe machine, which works mechanically, that is, performs the movement of entering and exiting between trees by being triggered by a contact bar (sensor), causes damage to many young trees due to hard contact, and the operator spends a lot of effort in performing this operation while driving the tractor. There are disadvantages such as running at high speeds and causing fuel costs to increase. Purpose of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-functional, easy-to-use and efficient hoeing machine, which is equipped to prevent damage to thin-diameter young trees next to thick-trunked trees, for cultivating the soil between trees in orchards and for weed control. The primary purpose of the invention is; The sensor arm of the intermediate hoeing machine is sensitized according to the mechanical system and performs its duty without damaging the small diameter or newly planted young trees it comes into contact with. Another purpose of the invention is to enable the operator to control the sensor without wasting effort while operating the tractor, with a control lever that is easier to use than the mechanical system. Another purpose of the invention is to provide fuel savings by reducing the energy consumed by the tractor during the mechanical hoeing process. Figures to Help Understand the Invention Figure-1 is a perspective view of an intermediate hoeing machine with an electrically controlled sensor, which is the subject of the invention. Description of Part References 1- Front chassis 2- Rear chassis 3- Head 4- Sensor - Anchor blade 6- Switch 7- Sensor spring 8- Movable arm 9- Pull piston - Oil tank 11- Control button 12- Power cable 13- Control valve 14- Head movement piston Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention is more sensitive and easier than mechanical intermediate hoeing machines, which allows hoeing between trees in orchards, without damaging young trees thanks to its electrically controlled feeler, and where the operator using the tractor can easily control the feeler with its electrically controlled control button. It is about an intermediate cultivator with an electrically controlled sensor that is easy to use and has low fuel consumption. As can be seen in Figure-1, the intermediate hoeing machine with an electrically controlled sensor subject to the invention (Figure-1); It is connected to the tractor with the front chassis (1). The front chassis (1) is connected to the rear chassis (2) via moving arms (8). The electrical energy of the entire system is supplied from the tractor via the energy cable (12). The head (3) carries out the hoeing process by keeping hoe blades (5) in the lower area. The head (3) is positioned at the right or left ends on the rear chassis (2). The sensor spring (7) provides hard-soft adjustment of the sensor (4). The head movement piston (14) functions to lower and raise the head (3) towards the ground. As can be seen in Figure-1, the intermediate hoeing machine with an electrically controlled sensor subject to the invention (Figure-1); It moves forward with the tractor with the front chassis (1) connection. During operation, the head (3) is positioned on the right or left side at a 90° angle relative to the tractor moving forward, and it hoes unwanted grass between trees thanks to the hoe blades (5) under the head (3). When a tree comes in front of the head (3) during progress, it first comes into contact with the sensor (4), which acts as a touch bar. The switch (6) is triggered when the sensor (4) touches the tree. The command of the switch (6) is transmitted to the control valve (13) with the electrical energy supplied from the tractor via the power cable (12). With the command it receives from the switch (6), the control valve (13) opens the oil path and sends oil to the drawing piston (9), allowing the head (3) to move in the opposite direction. Thus, the head (3) that does the hoeing work comes out from between the trees. Thanks to the valve inside the traction piston (9), it controls its own temperature, making it suitable for long-term operations. When the sensor (4) is released after its contact with the tree ends, the switch (6) command transmits the control valve (13) to open the return path. In this way, the head (3) regains its previous position and continues the hoeing process between the trees until the next feeler (4) comes into contact. The operator using the tractor can optionally touch the control button (11) to start the process as if the sensor (4) has been triggered. When faced with elements that should not be subject to hoeing, the operator can both use the tractor and remove the head (3) by moving it backwards through the trees by touching the control button (11) without exerting any effort. In mechanical structures, the sensor (4) is triggered by pulling a wire, while in electrical structures, the sensor (4) is triggered by a switch (6). While the hardness of the spring, which provides forceful pulling of the wire and return in mechanical structures, creates negativities by knocking down young trees (1, 2, 3 year old trees with small diameters), in the electrical system subject to the invention, triggering and return are extremely effective as the triggering and return is done by the switch (6) with an electrical housing. It is sensitive. In addition, the operator, who can perform operations with a single touch via the control button (11), performs the operation without wasting any effort. In contrast to the fuel consumption of the tractor in mechanical structures, fuel savings are achieved in electrical structures. TR TR

Claims (1)

1. The invention is related to an intermediate hoeing machine (Figure-1) with an electrically controlled sensor connected to the back of the tractor, and its feature is; The sensor (4) that contacts the tree in front of it, the switch (6) that receives commands with the movement of the sensor (4), the traction piston (9) that allows the head (3) part to move in the opposite direction of the working direction by opening the oil path with the electrical signal coming from the switch (6). , the control valve (13) that allows oil to pass to the pulling piston (9), the spring (7) that adjusts the sensitivity of the sensor, the head (3) containing the anchor blades (5), the right-left movements of the rear chassis (2) to the front chassis (1). ) movable arms (8), which enable the operator to perform the triggering movement externally, the front chassis (1) that provides connection to the tractor, the oil tank (10) that stores the oil needed by the system, the energy cable (12) that allows it to receive energy from the tractor, the sensor (4) that allows the operator to trigger the movement externally. It contains a control button (11) that provides