TR202016580A2 - Calcium Aluminate Cement Based Mortar Mix Developed For 3D Printers - Google Patents
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004667 ethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940071826 hydroxyethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940071676 hydroxypropylcellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002900 methylcellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011411 calcium sulfoaluminate cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003087 methylethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Buluş, inşaat sektöründe 3 boyutlu üretim teknolojilerinde kullanılmak üzere, ekstrüde edilebilirlik, mükemmel akışkanlık, inşa edilebilirliği karşılayan ve harçların termal özelliklerini iyileştiren, 3D baskı yazıcılarda etkin ve verimli yazdırılmaya uygun, faz değiştiren maddeler (FDM) içeren kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu esaslı harç karışımı ile ilgilidir. FDM olarak yanıcılığının olmaması ve doğal kaynaklı olması nedeni ile yağ asitleri ve karışımları mikrokapsüllenerek kullanılmıştır.The invention relates to a calcium aluminate cement-based mortar mixture for use in 3D production technologies in the construction industry, containing phase-changing substances (FDM), which meet extrudability, excellent fluidity, constructability and improve the thermal properties of mortars, suitable for effective and efficient printing in 3D printing printers. . As FDM, fatty acids and their mixtures were used by microencapsulation due to its non-flammability and natural origin.
Description
TARIFNAME 3D Yazicilar Için Gelistirilen Kalsiyum Alüminat Çimentosu Esasli Harç Karisimi Teknik Alan Bulus, insaat sektörü basta olmak üzere, dijital baski uygulamalari ile yapilan çimento esasli bina yapi elemanlari, park-bahçe mobilyalari, zemin ve bina kaplama materyalleri olan çimento esasli karolar, paneller, plakalarda hizli ve verimli 3 boyutlu baski üretim teknolojileri ile ilgilidir. DESCRIPTION Calcium Aluminate Cement Based Mortar Mixture Developed for 3D Printers Technical Area Bulus, cement made with digital printing applications, especially in the construction sector. based building structural elements, park-garden furniture, floor and building covering materials Fast and efficient 3D printing production of cement-based tiles, panels, slabs regarding technologies.
Bulus `özellikle, faz degistiren maddeler kullanilarak 3D yazicilarda etkin ve verimli yazdirilmaya uygun kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu esasli harç karisimi ile ilgilidir. The invention `especially effective and efficient in 3D printers using phase-change materials It relates to a calcium aluminate cement based mortar mix suitable for printing.
Teknigin Bilinen Durumu Günümüzde 3D baskili betonlar teknik ve isleme açisindan birçok zorluk olmasina ragmen katlanarak artan bir ilgi görmektedir. 3D baski, farkli hammaddelerin bir araya getirilerek, bilgisayar destekli tasarim modellerini somut nesnelere dönüstürme amaçli olarak katmanlarin art arda eklenmesi islemidir. 3D yazici ile yapi üretimi klasik 3D yazici mantigina dayanmaktadir. Bilgisayar ile kontrol edilen, agzindan beton çikan bir nozul (baski kafasi) tasiyan vinç, programindan gelen komutlar ile ileri-geri, saga-sola, asagi- yukari hareket ederek yapi üretimi yapmaktadir. Betonun karisim tasarimi, taze ve sertlesmis betonun performans gereksinimlerini karsilayacak sekilde yapilmalidir. Literatür arastirmalarinda belirtildigi gibi; 3D yazicilarda kullanilacak olan betonlarin, geleneksel betonun performansina ek olarak, islenebilirlik, çalisabilirlik süresi (open time), ekstrüde edilebilirlik (pompalanabilirlik) ve katmanlarin kendi kendisini tasiyabilirlik (insa edilebilirlik) gibi özeliklerine sahip olmalidir. State of the Art Today, 3D printed concretes present many difficulties in terms of technical and processing. however, it attracts exponentially increasing interest. 3D printing combines different raw materials with the aim of transforming computer-aided design models into tangible objects. It is the process of adding layers one after another. Building construction with a 3D printer Classic 3D printer is based on the logic. A computer-controlled, concrete-out nozzle (print head) with the commands coming from the program, forward-backward, right-left, down- It produces structures by moving upwards. Mixture design of concrete, fresh and It must be constructed to meet the performance requirements of the hardened concrete. Literature As stated in their research; Concrete to be used in 3D printers In addition to the performance of concrete, workability, open time, extruded portability (pumpability) and self-transportability of layers (manufacturability) should have features such as
Konvansiyonel metotla yapi üretiminde kullanilan beton, agrega, çimento ile suyun, kimyasal ve mineral katki maddeleri ilave edilerek veya edilmeden homojen olarak üretim teknolojisine uygun olarak karistirilmasindan olusan, baslangiçta plastik kivamda olup, zamanla katilasip sertleserek mukavemet kazanan kompozit bir yapi malzemesidir. Concrete, aggregate, cement and water used in construction production with conventional method, Homogeneous production with or without the addition of chemical and mineral additives consisting of mixing in accordance with the technology, initially in plastic consistency, It is a composite building material that gains strength by solidifying and hardening over time.
Projelendirme asamasinda belirlenen yapi elemanlarinin sekil ve boyutlarinda kaliplar hazirlanarak içlerine taze beton yerlestirilir. Kaliplar içerisine yerlestirilen beton sertlesip dayanim kazandiktan sonra sökülür ve sökülme isleminden sonra da betonun sertlesip dayanim kazanmasi devam eder. Taze ve sertlesmis betonun bütün özeliklerini kullanilan çimentonun, agreganin, suyun ve katki malzemelerinin özelikleri, karisim içindeki oranlari etkiler. Molds in the shape and dimensions of the building elements determined during the projecting phase are prepared and fresh concrete is placed inside. The concrete placed in the molds hardens and It is dismantled after it gains strength and after the dismantling process, the concrete hardens. continues to gain strength. All the properties of fresh and hardened concrete properties of cement, aggregate, water and additives, their proportions in the mixture effects.
Mevcut teknikte konvansiyonel metottaki beton yerlestirme isleminin aksine 3D baski yazicida kalipsiz katmanli üretim esastir ve yerlestirme esnasinda baski katmaninin genisligi ve kalinligi kontrol edilmelidir. 3D baski yazicilarla yapi üretimi yapilabilmesi için öncelikle 3 boyutlu model tasarima ihtiyaç vardir. Bilgisayar ortaminda tasarlanan çizimlerin somutlastirilmasi için de 3D baski yazicilarda çimento esasli harç malzemesi kullanilmaktadir. Harç ise çimento, su ve ince agrega karisimindan olusan ve içerisinde iri agrega bulunmayan bir karisimdan olusmaktadir. Katmanli üretim yapacak olan yazicinin harci yazdirma islemi, üç farkli faz ve dört asamadan olusmaktadir. Uretim fazinda baski isleminde kullanilacak olan harci olusturan malzemeler iki farkli besleme tankina yerlestirilir. Ilk asamada bu malzemelerden kuru karisim, ikinci asamada ise islak karisim hazirlanir. Pompa tazina geçildiginde üçüncü asama olan pompa devreye girer ve pompalama sirasinda malzeme bir borudan geçerek nozula aktarilir. Yazici fazi ise pompayla iletilen harcin son asamadaki nozul olarak adlandirilan hareketli uçtan belirli noktalara (extruding) sikilmasi islemiyle gerçeklestirilir. Daha sonra malzemenin katilasmasi ile üretim tamamlanmis olur. 3D baski sürecinin tamami teknik olarak saglam ve uygun maliyetli olmali ve modern çevresel etkenlere uygun olmalidir. Geleneksel yöntemlerde özellikle hazir beton uygulamalarinda kalip kullanimi gerekmektedir. Kalip kullanimii önemli zaman gecikmelerine ve çevre üzerinde olumsuz, yüksek malzeme, isçilik ve makine maliyetlerine yol açar. Ayrica karsilasilan diger kisitlar ise düsük verimlilik, is güç kitligi, geometrik uygulamalarda kaliba bagli olunmasi nedeni ile özgür olunamamasi, üretim hizinin yavas olmasidir. Dijital baski yöntemlerinin uygulanmasi ile kalip gerektirmeyen, yüksek geometrik sekillerde özgür uygulama imkâni saglayan ve is gücünün düsük oldugu uygulamalar gelistirilmistir. Bilgisayar destekli tasarimlar ile uygulanan bu sistemler dijital tasarim ve planlama açisindan kolayliklar saglamaktadir. Böylelikle insaatlarin tamamen dijitallesmesi olanagi sunulmaktadir. 3D baski islemi bir nozul yardimi ile yapilarin katman katman basilmasi prensibine dayanir. In contrast to the conventional method of placing concrete in the current technique, 3D printing moldless layered production is essential in the printer, and the printing layer is width and thickness should be checked. For building production with 3D printing printers First of all, 3D model design is needed. designed in computer Cement-based mortar material in 3D printing printers for concretization of drawings is used. Mortar consists of cement, water and fine aggregate mixture and contains coarse It consists of a mixture without aggregates. The printer that will make additive production The external printing process consists of three different phases and four phases. Printing in the production phase The materials that make up the mortar to be used in the process are stored in two different feeding tanks. is placed. Dry mix of these materials in the first stage, wet mix in the second stage is prepared. When the pump is switched on, the third stage, the pump, is activated and During pumping, the material is transferred to the nozzle by passing through a pipe. If the printer phase The final stage of the mortar delivered by the pump is determined from the moving end called the nozzle. It is carried out by extruding the points (extruding). Then the material With the solidification, the production is completed. The entire 3D printing process must be technically sound, cost effective and modern. should be suitable for environmental factors. In traditional methods, especially ready mixed concrete mold applications are required. Mold usage is important time delays and adverse effects on the environment, high materials, labor and machinery. lead to costs. In addition, other constraints encountered are low productivity, labor shortage, the lack of freedom in geometric applications due to the dependence on the mold, the production its slow speed. With the application of digital printing methods, it does not require a mold, providing free application in high geometric shapes and low labor force applications have been developed. These systems, which are implemented with computer-aided designs, are digital. It provides convenience in terms of design and planning. In this way, your works are completely digitalization is available. The 3D printing process is the layering of the structures with the help of a nozzle. It is based on the principle of layer printing.
Dijital beton baski yönteminde basarili baski islemi yapilabilmesi için malzemenin baski kafasina dogru içeriye akan malzemenin akiskan halden basarili bir sekilde bir katilasma sürecine geçmesi gerekmektedir. Mevcut yöntemlerde kullanilan Portland çimentolar ekstrüde edilebilirlik açisindan basarili olsalar bile hizli insa edilebilirlik açisindan yetersiz kalmaktadirlar. Ozellikle baski isleminin ilk saatlerinde erken yüksek dayanima ihtiyaç bulunmaktadir ve normal Portland çimento mukavemetleri erken yüksek dayanim için yeterli degildir. Ayrica kullanilan Portland çimentolari hizli verimli insa edilebilirlik ve üst üste yüksek katman olusturmada yetersiz kalmaktadir. In order to make successful printing process in digital concrete printing method, the printing of the material a successful solidification from the fluid state of the material flowing inward towards the head. process must be passed. Portland cements used in existing methods Even if they are successful in terms of extrudability, they are insufficient in terms of fast buildability. they stay. Especially in the first hours of the printing process, early high strength is needed. and normal Portland cement strengths are for early high strength. not enough. In addition, the Portland cements used are fast, efficient, constructible and superior. it is insufficient to create a high layer on top.
Diger yandan insa edilen çimentolu karisimlarin binalarda çok kullanilmasi ve binalarin ise büyük ölçüde enerji tüketiyor olmalari çimentolu 3D karisimlarinin enerji verimliliginin arttirilmasi ihtiyacini dogurmaktadir. Faz degistiren maddeler (FDM) uygun sicaklik araliklarinda gizli isi depolama özellikleriyle yapi malzemeleriyle kullanildiginda, isil kütlelerini arttirarak bina enerji tüketimini azaltmaktadirlar. Genel olarak FDM'ler çimentolu karisimlarda uygulanmaktadir ancak sadece normal Portland çimentolari ile kullanilan FDM'Ii karisimlar insa edilebilirlik ve ekstrüde edilebilirlik açisindan yeterli degildirler. On the other hand, the use of cemented mixtures in buildings and the fact that buildings are The energy efficiency of cementitious 3D mixtures is significant because they consume a large amount of energy. increases the need. Phase change materials (FDM) suitable temperature when used with building materials with latent heat storage properties They reduce building energy consumption by increasing their mass. In general, FDMs are cemented It is applied in mixtures but only used with normal Portland cements. Mixtures with FDM are not sufficient in terms of buildability and extrudability.
Mikrokapsüllenerek kullanilan FDMtli harçlar geleneksel yöntemlerle uygulamalarda basari saglamis olsalar da 3D yazici harçlarin basimi için erken yüksek dayanima sahip ve enerji depolama verimliligi olan uygun harç bulunmamaktadir. Mevcut geleneksel FDM'II harçlar enerji depolamada verimlilik saglasalar bile Portland çimentolari ile dayanimlari azalmaktadir ve bu durum erken mukavemeti daha yüksek olan FDMJIi karisimlarin gelistirilmesi ve farkli çimentolarin kullanilmasi ihtiyacini dogurmaktadir. 3D yazicilar ile basilmaksizin önceki buluslarda harçlar içerisinde mikrokapsüllenerek kullanilan faz degistiren malzemelerin kabuklarinin higroskopik olmalari durumunda harcin su ihtiyacini arttirmaktadirlar. Bu durum uygun kivama ulasilabilmesi için daha fazla su eklenmesini gerektirdiginden dayanimi da azaltacaktir. Ayrica mikrokapsüle tutunan suyun daha sonra hidratasyon sirasinda yükselen sicaklikla buharlasmasi beton yapisinda gözenekliligi de arttirirken, dayanimi olumsuz etkilemektedir. Mortars with FDMt used by microencapsulation are applied in traditional methods. Although successful, the 3D printer has high early strength for printing mortars. and there is no suitable mortar with energy storage efficiency. current traditional Although FDM'II mortars provide efficiency in energy storage, they are not compatible with Portland cements. their strength decreases, and this is due to FDMJIi with higher early strength. This creates the need for the development of mixtures and the use of different cements. 3D It was microencapsulated in mortars in previous inventions without being printed with printers. In case the shells of the phase change materials used are hygroscopic they increase the water need of the mortar. In order to reach the appropriate consistency, this situation is more Since it requires the addition of more water, it will also reduce the strength. Also microencapsulated the evaporation of the attached water with the rising temperature during hydration. While increasing the porosity in its structure, it affects the strength negatively.
Literatürde, konu ile ilgili EP3147269A1 numarali ”3D printing of construction elements and buildings with bct cement” baslikli bir basvuruya rastlanmistir. Söz konusu bulus, belit-kalsiyum sülfoalüminat-ternesit çimentosunun 3D baski yoluyla bilesenlerin ve binalarin imalati için kullanimi ve belit-kalsiyum sülfoalüminat-ternesit çimentosunun 3D baskisi ile bilesenlerin ve binalarin üretimi için bir yöntem ile ilgilidir. Bulusta baski harcinin termal özelliklerinin iyilestirilmesi için herhangi bir gelistirme yapilmamistir. based material and preparation method thereof” baslikli Çin patent basvurusudur. Söz konusu bulus, toz halindeki baglayici malzemeler ve agrega kullanilarak olusturulan, çimento, aktif katki maddesi, su azaltici, erken dayanim maddesi, ayarlanabilir katilasma maddesinden olusan bir tür 3 boyutlu baski çimento esasli malzeme ve bunun hazirlama yöntemi ile ilgilidir. In the literature, ”3D printing of construction elements with the number EP3147269A1 on the subject An application titled “and buildings with bct cement” was found. The invention in question of components by 3D printing of belite-calcium sulfoaluminate-ternesite cement and the use of belit-calcium sulfoaluminate-ternesite cement for the manufacture of buildings and 3D It relates to a method for the production of components and buildings by printing. pressure in the invention No development has been made to improve the thermal properties of the mortar. Chinese patent application titled “based material and preparation method thereof”. Promise The subject invention is formed by using powdered binding materials and aggregates, cement, active additive, water reducer, early strength agent, adjustable solidification a kind of 3D printing cement-based material and its preparation relates to method.
Sonuç olarak yukarida anlatilan olumsuzluklardan dolayi ve mevcut çözümlerin konu hakkindaki yetersizligi nedeniyle ilgili teknik alanda bir gelistirme yapilmasi gerekli kilinmistir. As a result, due to the above-mentioned negativities and existing solutions It is necessary to make an improvement in the relevant technical field due to the inadequacy of the is locked.
Bulusun Kisa Açiklamasi Mevcut bulus, yukarida bahsedilen gereksinimleri karsilayan, tüm dezavantajlari ortadan kaldiran ve ilave bazi avantajlar getiren 3D yazicilar için gelistirilen kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu esasli harç karisimi ile ilgilidir. Brief Description of the Invention The present invention satisfies the above-mentioned requirements, eliminates all disadvantages. Calcium aluminate developed for 3D printers It is related to cement based mortar mix.
Bulusun öncelikli amaci, kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu, beyaz Portland çimentosu, alçi, su azaltici ajan, priz geciktirici ajan, priz hizlandirici ajan, nisasta, seluloz eter (etil veya metil) kalsit, silis kumu, faz degistiren maddeler kullanilarak gelistirilen 3D baski harç karisiminin çok katmanli bir sekilde yazdirilabilirliginin ve harcin termal özelliklerinin iyilestirilmesini saglamaktir. Çalisma kapsaminda kullanilan selüloz eter harcin su tutma kapasitesine etki etmektedir. Bu kapsamda metil selüloz, etil selüloz, hidroksi etil sel'uloz, hidroksi propil selüloz eterler düsük ve yüksek viskoziteli olarak ve az veya çok modifiyeli olarak kullanilmistir. Faz degistiren madde olarak yaniciliginin olmamasi ve dogal kaynakli olmasi nedeni ile yag asitleri ve karisimlari kullanilmistir. Baski 'ünitesine kolayca pompalanabilmesi ve betonun baski kafasi tarafindan desteklendigi süre boyunca baski hacmini düzgün bir sekilde sikistirmak ve tamamen doldurmak için malzemenin akiskan olmasi gerekmektedir. Bununla birlikte, beton yaziciyi terk ettigi anda, betonun yeterli sertlige ulasmis olmasi gerekmektedir. Yeterli tiksotropik davranisin yaninda 'önemli seviyede akma dayanimina da ihtiyaç bulunmaktadir. Bulus konusu harç karisimindaki dogru seçilmis eklemeler ve katki malzemeleri, taze betonu hareket halindeyken akiskanligini bozmadan istenen tiksotropik davranis seviyesine ulastirmaya yardimci olabilmektedir. The primary object of the invention is calcium aluminate cement, white Portland cement, gypsum, water reducing agent, setting retarding agent, setting accelerating agent, starch, cellulose ether (ethyl or 3D printing mortar developed using methyl) calcite, silica sand, phase change materials multilayer printability of the mixture and thermal properties of the mortar. is to improve it. The water retention of the cellulose ether mortar used in the study affect its capacity. In this context, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose ethers in low and high viscosity and more or less modified was used as As a phase change substance, it is non-flammable and natural. Because of its origin, fatty acids and their mixtures were used. Print 'unit easily pressure as long as it can be pumped and the concrete is supported by the head fluid of the material to properly compress its volume and fill it completely. it has to be. However, as soon as the concrete leaves the printer, sufficient hardness must be reached. Besides adequate thixotropic behavior, 'important level of yield strength is also required. The subject of the invention is the mortar mix. correctly selected additives and additives, fresh concrete on the go It helps to reach the desired thixotropic behavior level without disturbing its fluidity. can happen.
Bulusun bir amaci, bulusta kullanilan kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu ve normal Portland çimentolarinin karistirilarak erken yüksek mukavemete sahip bir çimento olmasi ve bunun sonucunda 3D harçlarinin yazdirilmasi sirasinda alt katmanin üst katmani tasimasi için gerekli olan (yesil dayanim olarak adlandirilmaktadir) erken yüksek mukavemetini iyilestirilmesini saglamaktir. Normal Portland çimentolari ile hazirlanan karisimlar kis sartlarinda düsük sicakliklarda uygulama imkani vermezler ve yazdirila bilirlik sonrasi erken mukavemet alamazlar. Kalsiyum alüminat çimentosunun hidratasyon hizi ilk 6 saatte çok hizli olmasi nedeni ile harç içerisinde kullanimi düsük sicakliklarda bile erken yüksek mukavemet saglamaktadir. An object of the invention is the calcium aluminate cement used in the invention and the normal Portland cements being mixed with early high-strength cement and its as a result, for the lower layer to carry the upper layer during printing of 3D mortars. early high strength required (called green strength) is to improve it. Mixtures prepared with normal Portland cements conditions, they do not allow application at low temperatures and after printing They can't get early resistance. The hydration rate of calcium aluminate cement is in the first 6 Since it is very fast in an hour, it can be used in mortar early even at low temperatures. provides high strength.
Bulusun bir diger amaci, kalsiyum alüminat çimentolari ile FDMtlerin birlikte kullanilmasi sayesinde, 3D baski ile yapilan sertlesmis betonlarda betonun isi depolama kapasitesini arttirarak termal performansinda iyilesme saglamasidir. FDM'lerin yazdirilabilir harç matrisine dahil edilmesi, faz geçisleri sirasinda büyük miktarlarda termal enerjiyi gizli isi olarak depolamak için kullanilmaktadir. Hidrofobik özellik gösteren bazi biopolimer içerikli mikro kapsüllerin FDM*Ierin dis kabuklarinin olusturulmasinda kullanilmasi ile FDM'lerin su emmesinde azalma meydana gelerek harcin kivaminda ve yazdirilabilirligine olumsuz etkisini ortadan kaldirilabilecektir. Another object of the invention is to use calcium aluminate cements together with FDMts. It increases the heat storage capacity of concrete in hardened concretes made with 3D printing. It provides an improvement in thermal performance by increasing it. printable grout of FDMs matrix, large amounts of thermal energy during phase transitions are transferred to latent heat. is used for storage. Contains some biopolymers with hydrophobic properties With the use of microcapsules to form the outer shells of FDM*s, FDMs A decrease in water absorption occurs, negatively affecting the consistency and printability of the mortar. effect can be eliminated.
Bulus, içerigindeki malzemeler ile reolojik karakteristik, ekstrüde edilebilirlik, mükemmel akiskanlik, insa edilebilirligi karsilayan ve harçlarin termal 'Özelliklerini iyilestiren 3D yazicilar için gelistirilmis bir harç karisimi amaçlamaktadir. The invention, with the materials it contains, rheological characteristic, extrudability, excellent 3D meets fluidity, buildability and improves the thermal properties of mortars It aims at an improved mortar mix for printers.
Yukarida anlatilan amaçlarin yerine getirilmesi için bulus, insaat sektöründe kullanilmak üzere su, çimento, agrega, alçi ve Iif içeren 3D yazicilar için gelistirilen kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu esasli harç karisimi olup, kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu ve faz degistiren madde içermektedir. In order to fulfill the above-described purposes, the invention is intended for use in the construction industry. Calcium aluminate developed for 3D printers containing water, cement, aggregate, gypsum and Iif. cement based mortar mix, calcium aluminate cement and phase change agent. contains.
Bulusun bir uygulamasina göre 3D yazicilar için gelistirilen kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu esasli harç karisimi toplam içerigin agirlikça %1-20 oraninda kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu, %0-15 oraninda faz degistiren madde, %5-50 oraninda Portland çimento, %0- oraninda kalin silis kumu, %0,01-1 oraninda selüloz eter, %O,1-1,5 oraninda nisasta eter, oraninda su içermektedir. Calcium aluminate cement developed for 3D printers according to one embodiment of the invention based mortar mix 1-20% by weight of the total content of calcium aluminate cement, 0-15% phase change substance, 5-50% Portland cement, 0%- thick silica sand at the rate of 0.01-1%, cellulose ether at the rate of 0.1-1.5%, starch ether at the rate of 0.1-1.5%, contains water.
Yukarida anlatilan amaçlarin yerine getirilmesi için bulus, 3D yazicilar için gelistirilen kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu esasli harç karisimi üretim yontemi olup, (î) Baglayici olarak tercihen Portland çimento ve kalsiyum alüminat çimentolarinin toz halde karistirilmasi, (ii) Toz katki maddeleri olarak tercihen alçi, ince agrega, kaba agrega, su azaltici ajan, fiber, priz hizlandirici, priz geciktirici, nisasta eter, selüloz eter ve köpük kesici ajanin karisima eklenerek karistirilmasi, (iii) Mikrokapsüllenmis faz degistiren maddelerin (FDM) karisima eklenerek karistirilmasi, (iv) Tüm toz karisima su eklenerek karisimin bulamaç haline gelmesi, (v) Bulamacin yaziciya gönderilerek basilmasi, Bulusun yapisal ve karakteristik özellikleri ve tüm avantajlari asagida verilen detayli açiklama sayesinde daha net olarak anlasilacaktir ve bu nedenle degerlendirmenin de bu detayli açiklama göz önüne alinarak yapilmasi gerekmektedir. In order to fulfill the above-described purposes, the invention is developed for 3D printers. It is a calcium aluminate cement based mortar mix production method, (î) Powders of preferably Portland cement and calcium aluminate cements as binders. state mixing, (ii) As powder additives, preferably plaster, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water reducer agent, fiber, setting accelerator, setting retarder, starch ether, cellulose ether and foam mixing the cutting agent by adding it to the mixture, (iii) By adding microencapsulated phase change materials (FDM) to the mixture mixing, (iv) Water is added to the entire powder mix, so that the mix becomes a slurry, (v) Printing the slurry by sending it to the printer, The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all its advantages are detailed below. will be more clearly understood by the explanation and therefore this should be made taking into account the detailed explanation.
Bulusun Detayli Açiklamasi Bu detayli açiklamada bulus konusu 3D yazicilar için gelistirilen kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu esasli harç karisimi ve tercih edilen yapilanmalari sadece konunun daha iyi anlasilmasina yönelik olarak ve hiçbir sinirlayici etki olusturmayacak sekilde açiklanmaktadir. Detailed Description of the Invention In this detailed description, the subject of the invention is calcium aluminate developed for 3D printers. cement based mortar mix and its preferred configurations can only be used to better the subject. for understanding and without any limiting effect is explained.
Bulus, insaat sektöründe kullanilmak üzere, 3D yazicilar için gelistirilen faz degistiren maddeler içeren kalsiyum al'uminat çimentosu esasli yazici harç karisimi ile ilgilidir. The invention is a phase changer developed for 3D printers for use in the construction industry. It is related to calcium al'uminate cement based printer mortar mix containing substances.
Bulus 3D yazicilar için gelistirilen kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu esasli harç karisimi en temel halinde; kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu, Portland çimento, faz degistiren madde, alçi, su azaltici ajan, hizlandirici, geciktirici, ince silis kumu, kalin silis kumu, selüloz eter, nisasta eter, fiber, köpük kesici ajan içermektedir. Bulus konusu harç karisiminin içerigi Tablo 1'de verilmektedir. Calcium aluminate cement based mortar mix developed for invention 3D printers is the most in basic form; calcium aluminate cement, Portland cement, phase change agent, gypsum, water reducing agent, accelerator, retarder, fine silica sand, coarse silica sand, cellulose ether, Contains starch ether, fiber, antifoaming agent. Contents of the mortar mixture subject to the invention It is given in Table 1.
Tabl01. Bulus konusu harç karisiminin içerigi Içerik Agirlikça tercih Agirlikça kullanilabilir edilen miktar miktar Kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu 12 1-20 Portland çimento 20 5-50 Mikrokapsüllenmis Faz 8 0-15 Degistiren Madde Su azaltici ajan 0,5 0,01-1,5 Priz hizlandirici 0,01 0,01-0,5 Priz geciktirici 0,1 0,01-1,5 Ince Silis kumu 10 0-30 Kalin Silis kumu 24.1 0-50 Selüloz eter 0,1 0,01-1 Nisasta eter 0,2 0,01-1,5 Polipropilen fiber 0,06 0,01-1,5 Köpük kesici ajan 0,01 0,01-1,5 Su 15 0-50 Bulus konusu 3D yazicilar için gelistirilen kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu esasli harç karisiminin 'üretim yontemi en temel halinde; (1) Baglayici olarak tercihen Portland çimento ve kalsiyum alüminat çimentolarinin toz halde karistirilmasi, (ii) Toz katki maddeleri olarak tercihen alçi, ince agrega, kaba agrega, su azaltici ajan, fiber, priz hizlandirici, priz geciktirici, nisasta eter, selüloz eter ve köpük kesici ajanin karisima eklenerek karistirilmasi, (iii) Mikrokapsüllenmis Faz Degistiren Maddelerin karisima eklenerek karistirilmasi, (iv) Tüm toz karisima su eklenerek karisimin bulamaç haline gelmesi, (v) Bulamacin yaziciya gönderilerek basilmasi, Mevcut bulusta bir iyilestirme olarak kullanilan kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu, Portland çimentosu, faz degistiren madde, alçi ve diger katkilar karistirilir. Karisim içinde priz hizlandirici olarak tercihen Iityum karbonat, Iityum sülfat veya Iityum klorit kullanilmaktadir. Table01. Contents of the mortar mixture subject to the invention Content Weight preferred Can be used by weight amount delivered Calcium aluminate cement 12 1-20 Portland cement 20 5-50 Microencapsulated Phase 8 0-15 Modifying Substance Water reducing agent 0.5 0.01-1.5 Socket accelerator 0.01 0.01-0.5 Set retarder 0.1 0.01-1.5 Fine Silica sand 10 0-30 Coarse silica sand 24.1 0-50 Cellulose ether 0.1 0.01-1 Starch ether 0.2 0.01-1.5 Polypropylene fiber 0.06 0.01-1.5 Defoaming agent 0.01 0.01-1.5 Water 15 0-50 Calcium aluminate cement based mortar developed for 3D printers, which is the subject of the invention. the 'method of production' of the mixture in its most basic form; (1) Powders of preferably Portland cement and calcium aluminate cements as binders. state mixing, (ii) As powder additives, preferably plaster, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water reducing agent, fiber, setting accelerator, setting retarder, starch ether, cellulose ether and antifoaming agent. mixing by adding to the mixture, (iii) Mixing by adding Microencapsulated Phase Change Agents to the mixture, (iv) Water is added to the entire powder mix, so that the mix becomes a slurry, (v) Printing the slurry by sending it to the printer, Calcium aluminate cement used as an improvement in the present invention, Portland cement, phase change agent, plaster and other additives are mixed. Socket in Mixture Lithium carbonate, lithium sulfate or lithium chloride are preferably used as accelerator.
Priz geciktirici madde olarak ise tercihen sitrik asit, tartarik asit veya sodyum borat kullanilmaktadir. Faz degistiren madde olarak yaniciliginin olmamasi ve dogal kaynakli olmasi nedeni ile yag asitleri ve karisimlari kullanilmaktadir. Harç içeriginde kullanilan selüloz eter harcin su tutma kapasitesine etki etmektedir. Bu kapsamda metil selüloz, etil selüloz, hidroksi etil selüloz, hidroksi propil selüloz eterler düsük ve yüksek viskoziteli olarak ve az veya çok modifiyeli olarak kullanilmistir. Kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu erken yüksek mukavemete sahiptir. Kalsiyum alüminat çimentosunun dayanim ve priz asagidaki gibidir; Tabl02. Kalsiyum Alüminat Çimentosunun Içerigi Içerik Agirlikça kullanilabilir miktar AI203 30-60 Fe203 0-20 SO3 0-5 Mevcut bulusta kullanilan kalsiyum aI'L'iminat çimentosunun Portland çimentosuna orani agirlikça (aza) O.5-10:1'dir. Kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu kullanimi ile ?D baskili erken yüksek mukavemetli bir harç hazirlanir ve kullanim hammaddeleri olarak Portland çimentosu, alçi, ince agrega, kaba agrega, su azaltici ajan, fiber, priz hizlandirici, priz geciktirici, nisasta eter, selüloz eter, köpük kesici ajan ve mikrokaps'üllenmis faz degistiren malzemeler bilesimi kullanilmistir. As a setting retarder, preferably citric acid, tartaric acid or sodium borate is used. As a phase change substance, it is non-flammable and naturally sourced. Fatty acids and their mixtures are used because of used in the content of the mortar cellulose affects the water holding capacity of the ether mortar. In this context, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose ethers with low and high viscosity It has been used as a more or less modified. Calcium aluminate cement early It has high strength. Strength and setting of calcium aluminate cement as follows; Table02. Content of Calcium Aluminate Cement Content is heavily available quantity AI203 30-60 Fe203 0-20 SO3 0-5 Ratio of calcium aI'L'iminate cement to Portland cement used in the present invention by weight (aza) is 0.5-10:1. ?D printed early with the use of calcium aluminate cement A high-strength mortar is prepared and Portland as raw materials for use. cement, plaster, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water reducing agent, fiber, set accelerator, set retardant, starch ether, cellulose ether, defoamer and microencapsulated phase changer materials were used.
Mevcut bulusta kullanilan mikrokapsüllenmis faz degisim malzemesinin 3D harçlarda performans saglamasi için erime/donma sicakligi (20 - 30 C arasinda ve iklime bagli olarak konfor sicakligina göre farkli degerlerde), gizli isi (> 80 J/g), boyut (<1OO pm) ve dayaniklilik (termal ve mekanik) tir. Mevcut bulusta kullanilan malzemeler ile reolojik karakteristik, ekstrüde edilebilirlik, mükemmel akiskanlik, insa edilebilirligi karsilayan ve harçlarin termal özelliklerini iyilestiren bir karisim elde edilmistir. Bu bulusta kullanilan kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu ile baski islemi çok katmanli olarak ve katmanlar arasi güçlü bir bag ile mükemmel yapilandirilabilirlik saglar. FDM eklenmesi ile FDMisiz çimentolu karisimlara göre harcin termal depolama kapasitesi eklenen FDM miktarina ve gizli isi degerlerine bagli olarak artirilmis olur. Eklenen FDM miktarinin üst siniri betonun standartlara uygun mukavemet sinirina uygun olarak belirlenmelidir. Microencapsulated phase change material used in the present invention in 3D mortars. melting/freezing temperature (between 20 - 30 C and depending on the climate) to ensure performance in different values according to comfort temperature), latent heat (> 80 J/g), size (<100 pm) and durability (thermal and mechanical). Rheologically with the materials used in the present invention characteristic, extrudability, excellent fluidity, meeting buildability and A mixture was obtained that improves the thermal properties of the mortars. used in this invention The printing process with calcium aluminate cement is multi-layered and strong between layers. Provides excellent configurability with a tie. Cemented without FDMi with the addition of FDM The thermal storage capacity of the mortar according to the mixtures depends on the amount of FDM added and the latent heat. will be increased depending on their value. The upper limit of the amount of FDM added should be determined in accordance with the strength limit in accordance with the standards.
Bulusta kullanilan kalsiyum alüminat çimentosunun, Portland çimentosuna oraninin agirlikça O.5-10:1(a:a) oldugu ve toplan karisim oranin kullanilan faz degistiren maddeye oraninin 1:0.01-O.1O oldugu karisimin mukavemet ve açik zaman degerleri asagidaki Tabloß. Bulus konusu harç karisiminin performans degerleri Performans Birim (ortalama) 1 gün Egilme Dayanimi 8,6 MPa 28 gün Basinç Dayanimi 58,9 MPa 28 gün Egilme Dayanimi 13,2 MPa Açik zaman 45 Dakika Yayilma 180 mm (t=5 dakika) Uretim yöntemi asamalarinda baglayici olarak kullanilan kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu, Portland çimentosu uygun bilesimde tartilarak kuru olarak karistirilmaktadir. Karisimin mümkün oldugunca homojen olmasi önemlidir. Kalsiyum alüminat çimentosunun %0-60 bagil nemde karistirilmalidir. Daha yüksek bagil nem seviyesi performans kaybina neden olabilir. Tercihen kalsiyum alüminat çimentosu yerine kalsiyum sülfo alüminat çimentolari (CSA) kullanilabilinir. Diger toz bilesenler olan alçi, su azaltici ajan, priz hizlandirici, priz geciktirici, selüloz, nisasta eteri, ince silis kumu, kalin silis kumu, polipropilen fiber ve köpük kesici ajan tartilarak baglayicilar ile karistirilmaktadir. Baglayicinin istenilen performansi saglamasi için sicakligin -5 0Giden büyük olmasi gerekmektedir. Tüm toz karisimin karistirilmasindan sonra sisteme uygun miktarda su eklenir ve karistirilir. Faz degistiren madde eklenerek yeniden karistirma islemi yapilir. Elde edilen bulamaç karisim 3D yaziciya gönderilir ve bir nozul yardimi ile baski islemi gerçeklestirilir. Uygulama dis alan etkisinde çimentolu malzeme olarak elde edilir. The ratio of calcium aluminate cement to Portland cement used in the invention. by weight is O.5-10:1(a:a) and the total mixing ratio depends on the phase change material used. The strength and open time values of the mixture in which the ratio is 1:0.01-0.10 are given below. Tables. Performance values of the mortar mixture of the invention Performance Unit (average) 1 day Flexural Strength 8.6 MPa 28 days Compressive Strength 58.9 MPa 28 days Flexural Strength 13.2 MPa Open time 45 Minutes Spread 180 mm (t=5 minutes) Calcium aluminate cement used as a binder in the production method stages, Portland cement is weighed in appropriate composition and mixed dry. my wife's It is important that it be as homogeneous as possible. 0-60% of calcium aluminate cement should be mixed at relative humidity. Higher relative humidity causes loss of performance. it could be. Preferably calcium sulfo aluminate cements instead of calcium aluminate cements. (CSA) can be used. Other powder components such as plaster, water reducing agent, setting accelerator, setting retardant, cellulose, starch ether, fine silica sand, coarse silica sand, polypropylene fiber and The defoamer is weighed and mixed with the binders. The desired connector In order to provide performance, the temperature must be greater than -5 0. all dust After mixing the mixture, appropriate amount of water is added to the system and mixed. Phase Re-mixing is done by adding the changing substance. The resulting slurry mix It is sent to the 3D printer and the printing process is performed with the help of a nozzle. application dis It is obtained as cementitious material under field effect.
Kalsiyum alüminat çimentolarinin kullanildigi harçlarda hizli priz almasi ve erken yüksek mukavemeti nedeni ile 3D yazicilarin tikanmasina neden olabilir. Bu nedenle yazicinin hammaddeleri karistirici bölmesinin harcin priz süresine uyumlu olmasi gerekmektedir. Fast setting and early high curing in mortars where calcium aluminate cements are used. Due to its strength, it may cause clogging of 3D printers. Therefore, the printer The mixing chamber of the raw materials must be compatible with the setting time of the mortar.
Toz karisim su ile karistirildiktan sonra, uygulama boyunca, hazirlanan harcin tükenme süresinin priz süresinden uzun olmasi durumunda harç karistirici içerisinde dayanim alarak tikanmalara sebep olabilir. Bu nedenle kullanilan tüm toz karisimlar ve su belirtilen karistirma sirasi ile uygulanmalidir. After mixing the powder mixture with water, the prepared mortar will not run out during the application. If the setting time is longer than the setting time, strength in the mortar mixer may cause blockages. For this reason, all powder mixtures and water used should be applied in the order of mixing.
Söz konusu bulusta 3D yazicilara özel kalsiyum alüminat çimentolari kullanilarak erken yüksek mukavemet saglayan FDM içeren harçlar gelistirilmistir. FDIVl*nin enerji depolama kapasitesi harcin termal özelliklerini iyilestirmede kullanilmaktadir. Mikrokapsüllenmis FDM kabuklarinin tasarlanmasinda kullanilan materyaller ile FDM'lerin harcin su emmesine olan olumsuz etkisi de ortadan kaldirilmaktadir. In the invention in question, calcium aluminate cements special for 3D printers were used to make early Mortars containing FDM providing high strength have been developed. Energy storage of FDIVl* capacity is used to improve the thermal properties of the mortar. microencapsulated The materials used in the design of FDM shells and the mortar of FDMs Its negative effect on absorption is also eliminated.
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