CN112777990B - Solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112777990B
CN112777990B CN202110033010.5A CN202110033010A CN112777990B CN 112777990 B CN112777990 B CN 112777990B CN 202110033010 A CN202110033010 A CN 202110033010A CN 112777990 B CN112777990 B CN 112777990B
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cement
solid waste
printing material
mass
printing
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CN112777990A (en
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毛岩鹏
黄彦敏
王文龙
王旭江
李敬伟
张嘉政
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B16/08—Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/12—Nitrogen containing compounds organic derivatives of hydrazine
    • C04B24/14—Peptides; Proteins; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00181—Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid waste based light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials comprise cement, a water reducing agent, a retarder, a plasticizer, fibers, latex powder, polystyrene particles, a protein foaming agent and water, the water reducing agent accounts for 0.05-0.1% of the mass of the cement, the retarder accounts for 0-0.15% of the mass of the cement, the protein foaming agent accounts for 0.03-0.12% of the mass of the cement, the plasticizer accounts for 0.05-0.15% of the mass of the cement, the fibers accounts for 0-1% of the mass of the cement, the latex powder accounts for 0.5-2% of the mass of the cement, one part of water accounts for 23-25% of the mass fraction of the cement, the other part of water forms foam with the protein foaming agent, and the polystyrene particles account for 20-60% of the volume of the cement; the cement is solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement. The material provided by the invention has proper fluidity and higher deformation resistance, and has the characteristics of light weight and heat preservation, so that 3D printing can be performed.

Description

Solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a concrete building 3D printing material, and relates to a solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
The 3D printing concrete technology is a novel application technology generated by combining a 3D printing technology with a technology in the field of commercial concrete, and the main principle is that a concrete member is subjected to 3D modeling and segmentation to produce three-dimensional information by using a computer, then a prepared concrete mixture is extruded by a nozzle to be printed through mechanical control according to a set program through an extrusion device, and finally the concrete member is obtained. In order to meet the requirements of 3D printed concrete construction, the concrete construction 3D printed material must meet specific requirements.
Most of the current concrete building 3D printing materials are high-strength bearing materials, have high specific gravity and do not have a heat preservation function, are only suitable for printing bearing external wall bodies of buildings, cannot print heat preservation layers and some light non-bearing wall bodies, and do not have reports about light heat preservation concrete 3D printing materials at present. The heat-preservation foam concrete material is a light heat-preservation material, but according to research findings of the inventor, the current heat-preservation foam concrete material has too high fluidity and poor deformation resistance, and therefore does not have the constructability required by a 3D printing process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a solid waste based light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
on the one hand, the raw materials of the solid waste based light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material comprise cement, a water reducing agent, a retarder, a plasticizer, fibers, latex powder, polystyrene particles, protein foaming agents and water, wherein the water reducing agent accounts for 0.05-0.1% of the mass of the cement, the retarder accounts for 0-0.15% of the mass of the cement, the protein foaming agents account for 0.03-0.12% of the mass of the cement, the plasticizer accounts for 0.05-0.15% of the mass of the cement, the fibers account for 0-1% of the mass of the cement, the latex powder accounts for 0.5-2% of the mass of the cement, one part of water accounts for 23-25% of the mass of the cement, the other part of water and the protein foaming agents form foam, and the polystyrene particles account for 20-60% of the volume of the cement; the cement is solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement.
According to the invention, through the improvement of the heat-preservation foam concrete material, the heat-preservation foam concrete material can meet the requirements of a 3D printing process. The heat-insulating foam concrete is generally used for roof construction, and in order to ensure the smooth construction, no aggregate is added. Based on the above, the polystyrene particles are added into the heat-preservation foam concrete as the aggregate, and the aggregate can not only reduce the fluidity of the heat-preservation foam concrete and increase the deformation resistance, but also increase the heat-preservation performance of the heat-preservation foam concrete. However, it has been found through experiments that although polystyrene particles are added as an aggregate, the density after curing is high and the heat insulating property is poor. Researches show that the foaming agent generally adopted is a chemical foaming agent, gas is generated from the inside of slurry, so that bubbles are formed in the slurry, the fluidity of the slurry is reduced after polystyrene particles are added, the viscosity of the slurry is relatively increased, the chemical foaming agent is difficult to form the bubbles in the slurry, and the slurry can expand along with time, so that the volume stability of the bubbles cannot be ensured, and the cured material has high density and poor heat insulation performance, and does not meet the requirements of light weight and heat insulation.
Therefore, the protein foaming agent is adopted in the invention, the foaming mode of the protein foaming agent is external foaming, and the problem that the chemical foaming agent is difficult to foam can be avoided by adding the formed foam into the slurry. Meanwhile, compared with the common sulphoaluminate cement, the solid waste sulphoaluminate cement is adopted, the slurry formed by the solid waste sulphoaluminate cement can be added with foam more easily, and the stability of the added foam is better ensured, so that the solidified material has moderate density and better heat preservation performance, and the requirements of light weight, heat preservation and 3D printing are met.
On the other hand, the preparation method of the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, a retarder, a plasticizer, fibers and latex powder, adding a part of water, and stirring to form slurry;
foaming the protein foaming agent and the other part of water to obtain foam;
and mixing the slurry and the foam until the foam completely enters the slurry, and then adding polystyrene particles to be uniformly mixed to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
And in the third aspect, the 3D printing component is obtained by performing building 3D printing on the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the solid waste sulphoaluminate cement is used as a matrix, the protein foaming agent foaming foam and the polystyrene particles are used as heat-insulating filling aggregates, and the latex powder, the plasticizer, the fiber, the water reducing agent and the retarder are used as auxiliary materials, so that the prepared material has proper fluidity and high deformation resistance, and can be used for 3D printing.
2. According to the invention, the density and porosity of the foaming component can be adjusted by adopting the protein foaming agent to foam the foam, so that the weight of the 3D printing component is reduced, and the heat insulation performance of the 3D printing component is improved. Meanwhile, the polystyrene particles are added, so that the weight of the 3D printing component can be further reduced, and the heat insulation performance can be improved.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The invention provides a solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material and a preparation method thereof, in view of the fact that the existing heat-insulating foam concrete material is too high in fluidity and poor in deformation resistance and cannot be subjected to 3D printing.
The invention provides a typical embodiment of a solid waste based light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material, which comprises raw materials of cement, a water reducing agent, a retarder, a plasticizer, fibers, latex powder, polystyrene particles, a protein foaming agent and water, wherein the water reducing agent accounts for 0.05-0.1% of the mass of the cement, the retarder accounts for 0-0.15% of the mass of the cement, the protein foaming agent accounts for 0.03-0.12% of the mass of the cement, the plasticizer accounts for 0.05-0.15% of the mass of the cement, the fibers account for 0-1% of the mass of the cement, the latex powder accounts for 0.5-2% of the mass of the cement, one part of water accounts for 23-25% of the mass of the cement, the other part of water forms foam with the protein foaming agent, and the polystyrene particles account for 20-60% of the volume of the cement; the cement is solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement.
The polystyrene particles are used as the aggregate, and the aggregate can not only reduce the fluidity of the heat-preservation foam concrete and increase the deformation resistance, but also increase the heat-preservation performance of the heat-preservation foam concrete. The invention adopts protein foaming agent, avoiding the problem that the chemical foaming agent is difficult to foam. Meanwhile, the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement is adopted, so that the foam can be added more easily, and the stability of the added foam is better ensured.
The sulphoaluminate cement prepared from several industrial solid wastes of aluminum ash, red mud, desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, fly ash, carbide slag and steel slag has the relevant characteristics of the sulphoaluminate cement with the reference number 425 in the standard JC 714-1996.
In some examples of this embodiment, the protein foaming agent is a YS-800 polymer based foaming agent.
In some examples of this embodiment, the mass ratio of the additional water to the protein foaming agent is 60: 0.9-1.1.
After the foam enters the slurry, a large number of disconnected closed air holes are formed in the hardened body, so that the heat insulation performance of the material is obviously improved, and the density is reduced. However, too much foam is added to thin and lose constructability. In some examples of this embodiment, the protein foaming agent is 0.06% to 0.09% by mass of the cement, corresponding to 20-30% by volume of the cement. Under the condition, the heat preservation performance can be improved, the density is reduced, and the 3D printing performance of the material is ensured.
In some examples of this embodiment, the polystyrene particles have a particle size of 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The polystyrene particles are used as light heat-insulating concrete aggregate, so that the constructability of the material can be obviously improved, and the density and the heat conductivity coefficient are effectively reduced. The polystyrene particles can be prepared by crushing polystyrene plastic wastes into particles and then sieving the particles. The cost is reduced.
The water reducing agent can reduce the water consumption required by the concrete to achieve the same fluidity and can improve the workability of the concrete. In some embodiments of this embodiment, the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid water reducer.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, the retarder is sodium gluconate.
In some examples of this embodiment, the latex powder is a redispersible latex powder. The cohesion of the slurry can be increased. The segregation and delamination of polystyrene particles and slurry are prevented, and the fluidity is improved.
The plasticizer increases the consistency and plasticity of the paste, and makes the printing paste strip have the deformation resistance and can bear the gravity from the upper layer. In some embodiments of this embodiment, the plasticizer is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether.
The fiber can improve the compression strength and the breaking strength of the material. In some embodiments of this embodiment, the fibers are polypropylene fibers. The fiber length is 4-9 mm.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the solid waste base light heat-preservation concrete 3D printing material, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, a retarder, a plasticizer, fibers and latex powder, adding a part of water, and stirring to form slurry;
foaming the protein foaming agent and the other part of water to obtain foam;
and mixing the slurry and the foam until the foam completely enters the slurry, and then adding polystyrene particles to be uniformly mixed to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
In some examples of this embodiment, the slurry component is added at least 2 times with repeated mixing with the foam.
The invention provides a 3D printing component, which is obtained by performing building 3D printing on the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
Experiments prove that when the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material provided by the invention is used for building 3D printing, the printing time is about two thirds of the initial setting time, the initial setting time of the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material is 30-60 minutes, and the final setting time is 40-90 minutes.
In some embodiments of the embodiment, in the 3D printing process of the building, the printing time interval at the same position of each layer is not less than 1.5min, so that the deformation amount of the printed paste strips under the gravity of the paste strips on the upper layer is ensured to be small. And the printing time interval does not exceed 1/10 the initial setting time of the material to ensure a sufficient number of printable layers and avoid delamination.
In some examples of this embodiment, the print head diameter is not less than 1.5cm when building 3D printing. The problem that the uniformity of slurry and aggregate is influenced and the printing head is blocked due to the undersize caliber of the printing head is avoided.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The chemical compositions of the different industrial solid waste raw materials of the cement used in the examples are as follows:
Figure BDA0002892237390000061
Figure BDA0002892237390000071
the cement raw material is prepared from desulfurized gypsum, aluminum ash, steel slag and carbide slag in a ratio of 28: 34: 23: 15, and the raw material is ground, uniformly mixed and calcined at 1220 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain the cement clinker.
The cement clinker comprises the following components:
Figure BDA0002892237390000072
the following examples employ cement clinker directly as cement.
Example 1
The solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material comprises the following raw materials: the cement comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.3% of protein foaming agent, 0.05% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 1% of polypropylene fiber (with the length of 4-9 mm), 1% of latex powder and 24% of water; based on the volume percentage of the cement: 30 percent of polystyrene particles (the particle diameter is 0.5-1.5 mm).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber and latex powder to form powder, adding proper water, and stirring to form slurry for later use;
(2) diluting a protein foaming agent with water according to the proportion of 1:60, and mechanically foaming to obtain foam for later use;
(3) and (3) putting the foam in the step (2) into a stirrer according to the required amount, adding the slurry in the step (1) into the stirrer for 3 times after the stirrer is started, fully mixing the slurry with the foam, adding polystyrene foam after the foam is completely mixed into the slurry, and uniformly stirring to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
The obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material has the fluidity of more than 250mm, the setting time of 60min and no constructability.
Example 2
The solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material comprises the following raw materials: the cement comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.03% of protein foaming agent, 0.1% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber (with the length of 4-9 mm), 1% of latex powder and 23% of water; based on the volume percentage of the cement: 60 percent of polystyrene particles (the particle diameter is 0.5-1.5 mm).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber and latex powder to form powder, adding proper water, and stirring to form slurry for later use;
(2) diluting a protein foaming agent with water according to the proportion of 1:60, and mechanically foaming to obtain foam for later use;
(3) and (3) putting the foam in the step (2) into a stirrer according to the required amount, adding the slurry in the step (1) into the stirrer for 3 times after the stirrer is started, fully mixing the slurry with the foam, adding polystyrene foam after the foam is completely mixed into the slurry, and uniformly stirring to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
The fluidity of the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material is 165mm, and the setting time is 35 min.
And (3) sending the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material into a building 3D printing system for printing, wherein the diameter of a printing head is 3 cm. In order to make the deformation amount of the printed paste strips under the gravity of the paste strips on the upper layer smaller, the printing time interval at the same position of each layer is required to be 2 min.
The printing component has a compressive strength of 16Mpa and a density of 1150kg/m in 1 day3The thermal conductivity was 0.18W/(mK).
Example 3
The solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material comprises the following raw materials: the cement comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.08% of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.03% of protein foaming agent, 0.1% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.1% of sodium gluconate retarder, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber (with the length of 4-9 mm), 1% of latex powder and 23% of water; based on the volume percentage of the cement: 60 percent of polystyrene particles (the particle diameter is 0.5-1.5 mm).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, a retarder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, fibers and latex powder into powder, adding proper water, and stirring into slurry for later use;
(2) diluting a protein foaming agent with water according to the proportion of 1:60, and mechanically foaming to obtain foam for later use;
(3) and (3) putting the foam in the step (2) into a stirrer according to the required amount, adding the slurry in the step (1) into the stirrer for 3 times after the stirrer is started, fully mixing the slurry with the foam, adding polystyrene foam after the foam is completely mixed into the slurry, and uniformly stirring to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
The fluidity of the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material is 185mm, and the setting time is 46 min.
And (3) sending the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material into a building 3D printing system for printing, wherein the diameter of a printing head is 5 cm. In order to make the deformation amount of the printed paste strips under the gravity of the paste strips on the upper layer smaller, the printing time interval at the same position of each layer is required to be 2 min.
The printing component has a 1-day compressive strength of 15.5MPa and a density of 1120kg/m3The thermal conductivity was 0.18W/(mK).
Example 4
The solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material comprises the following raw materials: the cement comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.12% of protein foaming agent, 0.1% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber (with the length of 4-9 mm), 1% of latex powder and 24% of water; based on the volume percentage of the cement: 20 percent of polystyrene particles (the particle diameter is 0.5-1.5 mm).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber and latex powder to form powder, adding proper water, and stirring to form slurry for later use;
(2) diluting a protein foaming agent with water according to the proportion of 1:60, and mechanically foaming to obtain foam for later use;
(3) and (3) putting the foam in the step (2) into a stirrer according to the required amount, adding the slurry in the step (1) into the stirrer for 3 times after the stirrer is started, fully mixing the slurry with the foam, adding polystyrene foam after the foam is completely mixed into the slurry, and uniformly stirring to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
The fluidity of the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material is 200mm, and the setting time is 40 min.
And (3) sending the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material into a building 3D printing system for printing, wherein the diameter of a printing head is 3 cm. In order to make the deformation amount of the printed paste strips under the gravity of the paste strips on the upper layer smaller, the printing time interval at the same position of each layer is required to be 2 min.
The printing component has a compressive strength of 27.6MPa in 1 day and a density of 1500kg/m3The thermal conductivity was 0.34W/(mK).
Example 5
The solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material comprises the following raw materials: the cement comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.06% of protein foaming agent, 0.07% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber (with the length of 4-9 mm), 1% of latex powder and 24% of water; based on the volume percentage of the cement: 60 percent of polystyrene particles (the particle diameter is 0.5-1.5 mm).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber and latex powder to form powder, adding proper water, and stirring to form slurry for later use;
(2) diluting a protein foaming agent with water according to the proportion of 1:60, and mechanically foaming to obtain foam for later use;
(3) and (3) putting the foam in the step (2) into a stirrer according to the required amount, adding the slurry in the step (1) into the stirrer for 3 times after the stirrer is started, fully mixing the slurry with the foam, adding polystyrene foam after the foam is completely mixed into the slurry, and uniformly stirring to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
The fluidity of the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material is 195mm, and the setting time is 35 min.
And (3) sending the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material into a building 3D printing system for printing, wherein the diameter of a printing head is 3 cm. In order to make the deformation amount of the printed paste strips under the gravity of the paste strips on the upper layer smaller, the printing time interval at the same position of each layer is required to be 2 min.
The printing component has a 1-day compressive strength of 14.5Mpa and a density of 1080kg/m3The thermal conductivity was 0.16W/(mK).
Example 6
The solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material comprises the following raw materials: the cement comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.09% of protein foaming agent, 0.06% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber (with the length of 4-9 mm), 1% of latex powder and 24% of water; based on the volume percentage of the cement: 60 percent of polystyrene particles (the particle diameter is 0.5-1.5 mm).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber and latex powder to form powder, adding proper water, and stirring to form slurry for later use;
(2) diluting a protein foaming agent with water according to the proportion of 1:60, and mechanically foaming to obtain foam for later use;
(3) and (3) putting the foam in the step (2) into a stirrer according to the required amount, adding the slurry in the step (1) into the stirrer for 3 times after the stirrer is started, fully mixing the slurry with the foam, adding polystyrene foam after the foam is completely mixed into the slurry, and uniformly stirring to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
The fluidity of the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material is 210mm, and the setting time is 38 min.
And (3) sending the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material into a building 3D printing system for printing, wherein the diameter of a printing head is 3 cm. In order to make the deformation amount of the printed paste strips under the gravity of the paste strips on the upper layer smaller, the printing time interval at the same position of each layer is required to be 2 min.
The printing component has a compressive strength of 11.2MPa in 1 day and a density of 990kg/m3The thermal conductivity was 0.15W/(mK).
Comparative example 1
The solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material comprises the following raw materials: the cement comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.8% of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, 0.1% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber (with the length of 4-9 mm), 1% of latex powder and 24% of water; based on the volume percentage of the cement: 20 percent of polystyrene particles (the particle diameter is 0.5-1.5 mm).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber and latex powder to form powder for later use;
(2) starting a stirrer, fully mixing the powder material obtained in the step (1) with water, adding a hydrogen peroxide solution after uniform slurry is obtained, continuously stirring for 1min, standing until the volume is stable, adding polystyrene foam, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
The fluidity of the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material is 170mm, and the setting time is 38 min.
And (3) sending the obtained solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material into a building 3D printing system for printing, wherein the diameter of a printing head is 3 cm. In order to make the deformation amount of the printed paste strips under the gravity of the paste strips on the upper layer smaller, the printing time interval at the same position of each layer is required to be 2 min.
The printing component has a compressive strength of 32.8MPa in 1 day and a density of 1850kg/m3。
As can be seen from comparative example 1, the chemical foaming agent generates less bubbles inside the 3D printed material, and the material density cannot be effectively reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. The solid waste based light heat-preservation concrete 3D printing material is characterized by comprising raw materials of cement, a water reducing agent, a retarder, a plasticizer, fibers, latex powder, polystyrene particles, protein foaming agents and water, wherein the water reducing agent accounts for 0.05-0.1% of the mass of the cement, the retarder accounts for 0-0.15% of the mass of the cement, the protein foaming agents account for 0.03-0.12% of the mass of the cement, the plasticizer accounts for 0.05-0.15% of the mass of the cement, the fibers account for 0-1% of the mass of the cement, the latex powder accounts for 0.5-2% of the mass of the cement, one part of water accounts for 23-25% of the mass of the cement, the other part of water and the protein foaming agents form foam, and the polystyrene particles account for 20-60% of the volume of the cement; the cement is solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement.
2. The solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protein foaming agent is YS-800 high molecular foaming agent.
3. The solid waste based light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the other part of water to the protein foaming agent is 60: 0.9-1.1.
4. The solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protein foaming agent is 0.06% -0.10% of the mass of the cement.
5. The solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polystyrene particles have a particle size of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
6. The solid waste based light heat preservation concrete 3D printing material of claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent or a naphthalene water reducing agent.
7. The solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retarder is sodium gluconate.
8. The solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the latex powder is redispersible latex powder.
9. The solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether.
10. The solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fiber is polypropylene fiber.
11. The solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 9, wherein the fiber length is 4-9 mm.
12. The preparation method of the solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, a retarder, a plasticizer, fibers and latex powder, adding a part of water, and stirring to form slurry;
foaming the protein foaming agent and the other part of water to obtain foam;
and mixing the slurry and the foam until the foam completely enters the slurry, and then adding polystyrene particles to be uniformly mixed to obtain the solid waste base light heat-insulating concrete 3D printing material.
13. The method for preparing the solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printing material as claimed in claim 12, wherein the slurry is added at least 2 times and mixed with the foam repeatedly.
14. A 3D printed member, which is obtained by 3D printing the solid waste based lightweight thermal insulation concrete 3D printed material according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
15. The 3D printed structure as claimed in claim 14, wherein the printing time interval at the same position of each layer is not less than 1.5min during the 3D printing of the building.
16. The 3D printed structure as claimed in claim 14, wherein the print head has a diameter of not less than 1.5cm for 3D printing of the building.
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