CN114031345A - Mechanical spraying plastering mortar and application thereof - Google Patents
Mechanical spraying plastering mortar and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114031345A CN114031345A CN202111333545.0A CN202111333545A CN114031345A CN 114031345 A CN114031345 A CN 114031345A CN 202111333545 A CN202111333545 A CN 202111333545A CN 114031345 A CN114031345 A CN 114031345A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of building engineering materials, and provides mechanical spraying plastering mortar and application thereof, wherein the mortar comprises a liquid material component and a powder material component, and the liquid material component comprises: water reducing agent, slump retaining agent, air entraining agent, defoaming agent, workability improving agent and water, wherein the slump retaining agent: the mass ratio of water is 2-10: 65-95; the powder material comprises the following components: portland cement, bentonite, glass powder, glass sand, stabilizer, adjusting the coagulant, wherein portland cement: bentonite: glass powder: the mass ratio of the glass sand is 8-40: 2-10: 2-10: 28-85. And can be applied to cement-based materials. The mechanical spraying plastering mortar provided by the invention has the advantages of higher compressive strength, low bleeding rate, long plastic retention time, high transparency and strong scratch resistance, and the raw materials are solid waste building materials such as glass powder, glass sand and the like, and have good working performance in the environment of 0-40 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building engineering materials, in particular to mechanical spraying plastering mortar and application thereof.
Background
Since the 21 st century, the ready-mixed mortar industry has gradually transitioned from the market introduction stage to the rapid growth stage and developed steadily under the dual actions of market promotion and policy intervention. The premixed mortar gradually replaces the traditional field mortar preparation with the advantages of stable quality, energy conservation, environmental protection, centralized clean production and the like; the recycled aggregate and the waste stone powder are used as raw materials of the wet-mixed mortar to realize application, so that the method has economic and social benefits and conforms to the development concept of circular economy. The premixed mortar is a necessary result of industry development due to the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection, sustainability and the like. The prior successful experience shows that the plastering mortar is used as an important component in the ready-mixed mortar, is suitable for plastering light walls such as aerated concrete blocks, fly ash blocks, ceramsite bricks and the like in buildings and decoration projects and inner/outer walls, cover surfaces, bottom surfaces and ceilings of concrete shear walls, can protect a structure main body from various damages, improves the durability of the structure and improves the appearance of the structure.
In the case of the presently disclosed machine-plastered mortar product formulation, the components can be broadly divided into 6 types, such as cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, set control agents, rheological agents, modifying components and other components. Wherein, the components of portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, high alumina cement or white cement, etc. can be selected as the cementing material of the plastering mortar according to different functions so as to endow the mortar with excellent compression resistance, folding resistance and bonding strength. Meanwhile, the particle composition of the plastering mortar needs to use a coarser filler (such as machine-made sand and river sand) and a more finely ground admixture (such as ground calcium carbonate powder) in a matching way so as to achieve the optimal compactness effect. The plastering mortar can also be added with an early strength agent and a set accelerator to improve the early cement setting strength, and can also be used for slowing down the gypsum setting speed by a retarder to prolong the operable time of the plastering mortar. When the redispersible rubber powder and the emulsion act on plastering mortar, the mortar can be modified to form a firm polymer film, so that the fluidity, the drawing strength and the breaking strength of the mortar are improved, the elastic modulus can be reduced, and the internal stress of a mortar system is reduced.
On the other hand, the superplasticizer, the air entraining agent, the defoaming agent and the stabilizer belong to the components of the rheological agent in the plastering mortar. The superplasticizer acts to reduce water and slump in the plastering mortar, thereby providing flow properties. The air entraining agent is used as a surfactant, the interfacial activity of the air entraining agent mainly occurs on an air-liquid interface, the surface tension and the interfacial energy of water can be obviously reduced, a large number of tiny closed spherical bubbles (the diameter is mostly below 200 mu m) are generated in the process of stirring the mortar, the microbubbles are like balls, the friction resistance among aggregate particles is reduced, meanwhile, molecules of the microbubbles can be adsorbed on the surfaces of the bubbles in a directional mode to form firmer liquid films, the bubbles are stable and not easy to break, the initial consistency of the mortar is kept unchanged under the condition of reducing the unit water consumption, in addition, the water amount capable of moving freely is reduced due to the fact that the water is uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the large number of bubbles, the bleeding amount of the mortar is reduced, the water retention and the cohesiveness of the mortar are improved, and the smooth hand feeling is given to the mortar.
The defoaming agent in the plastering mortar has the main functions of reducing the air content, improving the later strength of the mortar and obtaining an even, smooth and firm surface when being added into liquid materials. Small amounts of stabilizers (e.g. cellulose ethers) can prevent segregation of the mortar and the formation of skin, thereby causing negative effects on the final surface properties. In addition, when special anti-cracking requirements exist in the plastering mortar construction process, a proper amount of fibers are also added to improve the anti-cracking capability of the mortar and reduce and inhibit the generation of various cracks.
With the richness of various raw material sources and the deepening of related formula technology research, the regenerated glass material is gradually becoming a new research direction of plastering mortar products due to the characteristics of stable acid and alkali resistance, chemical inertness, low expansion coefficient and the like. The regenerated glass material has small particle size, good dispersibility, high transparency, good anti-settling effect, good affinity capability and strong steric hindrance capability, can be conveniently dispersed in a mortar system, can increase the fullness of the mortar after film formation, keeps clear transparency and provides good scratch resistance. However, tests show that the problems of low compressive strength, high bleeding rate and reduced plastic retention time still exist when the regenerated glass material is applied to plastering mortar, and further application of the regenerated glass material in the plastering mortar is limited. The reason for this is that although the glass sand and the glass powder have good gradation, the surface appearance is smooth, and the reactivity with cement is lower than that of fine river sand and quartz powder, so that the binding capacity of the cementing material and the aggregate is weakened, and the time required for forming a skeleton structure by mutual connection among cement particles in a mortar system is prolonged. In order to solve the problems, the main difficulty encountered in the initial process of research is that when the recycled glass material is used for preparing a plastering mortar product, performance indexes such as compressive strength, bleeding rate, plastic retention time and the like of the mortar cannot be better considered temporarily, so that the plastering mortar product meets the relevant regulations of GB/T25181 premixed mortar, JG/T426 plastering mortar plasticizer and the like.
The invention discloses waterproof mortar and a preparation method and application thereof under publication number CN112624715A published in 2021, 4, 9 and relates to waterproof mortar, which comprises a liquid material component and a powder material component, wherein the liquid material component comprises styrene-acrylate copolymer emulsion in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of a solvent; vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer: 10-40 parts; 10-20 parts of workability improver; film-forming auxiliary agent: 1-5 parts; defoaming agent: 0.3-0.9 part; water: 15-60 parts; the powder component comprises Portland cement: 10-40 parts; aluminate cement: 5-40 parts; gypsum: 5-17 parts; glass sand: 25-50 parts; glass powder: 5-15 parts of a solvent; water reducing agent: 0.1-0.5 part; a stabilizer: 0.05-0.3 part; and (3) setting control agent: 0.05-0.5 part; fiber: 0.1 to 1 portion. However, the invention only adopts the polymer emulsion as a modification component without adding a slump retaining agent, and simultaneously uses the aluminate cement with extremely short setting time to compound calcite powder and gypsum, thereby reducing the plastic retaining time of the mortar; on the other hand, as the polymer cement waterproof mortar has higher requirements on indexes such as compactness, seepage pressure resistance and the like of a mortar system, more components such as a defoaming agent, a water repellent and the like are added in the mortar system, and an air entraining agent is not added, so that the pumping loss of the mortar is increased during the process of pumping and the bleeding and the segregation are easy, the workability and the consistency in the mortar spraying construction link are influenced, and the produced falling ash is too much, and the surface layer has poor aesthetic degree.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of reduced plastic retention time, poor workability and poor consistency of plastering in the prior art, the invention provides mechanical spraying plastering mortar, which comprises a liquid component and a powder component: the liquid material comprises the following components: water reducing agent, slump retaining agent, air entraining agent, defoaming agent, workability improving agent and water, wherein the slump retaining agent: the mass ratio of water is 2-10: 65-95; the powder material comprises the following components: portland cement, bentonite, glass powder, glass sand, stabilizer, adjusting the coagulant, wherein portland cement: bentonite: glass powder: the mass ratio of the glass sand is 8-40: 2-10: 2-10: 28-85.
In a preferred embodiment, the portland cement is ordinary portland cement.
In one embodiment, the liquid material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2-10 parts of water reducing agent, 2-10 parts of slump retaining agent, 0.2-1 part of air entraining agent, 0.1-0.5 part of defoaming agent, 1-10 parts of workability improving agent and 65-95 parts of water; the powder material comprises the following components: 8-40 parts of Portland cement, 2-10 parts of bentonite, 2-10 parts of glass powder, 28-85 parts of glass sand, 0.02-0.5 part of stabilizer and 0.03-0.5 part of pour regulator.
In a preferred embodiment, the portland cement is ordinary portland cement.
In one embodiment, the powder component further comprises calcite powder.
In one embodiment, the liquid component further comprises a preservative.
In one embodiment, the powder component further comprises fibers.
In one embodiment, the calcite powder is 0 to 10 parts by mass.
In one embodiment, the preservative is 0.7-3.5 parts by mass.
In one embodiment, the fiber is 0.1 to 1 part by mass.
In one embodiment, the material comprises water, and the mass ratio of the liquid material component to the powder material component is (0.5-2): 100, (12-17).
In one embodiment, the workability improver consists of a polyacrylic acid sodium salt derivative and a polyether derivative, and mainly has the effects that the improver has hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups, has high dispersibility and water reducing effects, and electrostatic force acting among cement particles is in a three-dimensional form, so that the absorption effect of fine aggregates on other components can be resisted, and meanwhile, a large number of tiny continuous closed beneficial bubbles are introduced under the condition that the later strength of mortar is not influenced, so that the workability and the working performance of plastering mortar are improved.
In one embodiment, the workability improver comprises, by mass, 3 to 7 parts of a polyacrylic acid sodium salt derivative and 3 to 7 parts of a polyether derivative.
In one embodiment, the water reducing agent and the slump retaining agent are both polycarboxylic acid graft multipolymers and mainly act as the polycarboxylic acid graft multipolymers which are adsorbed on the surfaces of cement particles, and the cement particles are mutually repelled due to the same charges, so that the cement particles are dispersed to release the excessive water among the particles to generate the water reducing effect. After the water reducing agent and the slump retaining agent are added, an adsorption film is formed on the surface of cement particles, so that the hydration process of cement is delayed, the growth of a cement stone crystal is more complete, capillary gaps generated by water evaporation are reduced, and the strength, the hardness and the structural compactness of the mortar are improved.
In one embodiment, the preservative is a triterpenoid, which mainly acts to inhibit microbial growth of the polymer emulsion and mortar due to the presence of organic matter during storage, and to prolong the shelf life of the polymer emulsion and mortar by allowing proteins in the microbes to solidify and denature and interfere with their survival and reproduction.
In one embodiment, the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resins, fatty alcohol sulfonates, saponins and protein salts, and mainly has the functions of introducing a large number of micro continuous stable closed spherical bubbles into a mortar system on the premise of ensuring the strength of the mortar, reducing the amount of water capable of freely moving due to uniform distribution of water on the surfaces of the large number of bubbles, reducing the bleeding amount of the mortar and the loss of the mortar in a pumping process over time, and improving the workability of the mortar.
In one embodiment, the defoaming agent is polysiloxane organic matter and mainly acts to destroy an elastic membrane of harmful bubbles in the mortar and inhibit the generation of the harmful bubbles; if harmful bubbles are generated, defoaming agent particles can immediately capture the hydrophobic chain ends on the surface of the foam after contacting the foam, then quickly spread to form a thin double-membrane layer, further diffuse and invade in a layered manner to replace the membrane wall of the original foam, and destroy the mechanical balance of the oriented membrane under the strong traction of the membrane layer with large surface tension at the periphery to play the effects of breaking and inhibiting the bubbles, thereby improving the strength of the mortar.
In one embodiment, the stabilizer is one or more of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, welan gum, xanthan gum and rheological agent, mainly functions as the hydroxyl on the molecules of the stabilizer and the oxygen atom on the ether bond are associated with water molecules to form hydrogen bonds, and the mutual diffusion action between the water molecules and the molecular chains of the stabilizer enables the water molecules to enter the macromolecular chains of the stabilizer and be subjected to stronger constraint force to change free water into bound water, so that the water retention property of the mortar is improved; on the other hand, the rheological property of the freshly mixed cement paste is improved by the stabilizer, the water diffusion is hindered by the porous network structure, the osmotic pressure and the film forming property of the stabilizer, and the stability of the mortar to heat, salt and acid-base is improved.
In one embodiment, the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose has a viscosity of 10 ten thousand.
In one embodiment, the set control agent comprises one or more of an early strength agent, a set accelerator and a retarder, and mainly functions to adjust the setting time of the plastering mortar, prevent the mortar from the problems of quick setting or super retardation, and improve the strength of the mortar through alkali excitation.
In one embodiment, the early strength agent is one or more of sodium nitrite, triisopropanolamine and a nuclear nanoenhancer.
In one embodiment, the set accelerator is one or more of calcium fluoroaluminate, lithium carbonate and potassium silicate.
In one embodiment, the retarder is one or more of white sugar, tartaric acid, sodium gluconate, citric acid and sodium hexametaphosphate.
In one embodiment, the glass powder is 200 meshes, and the glass sand is 70-140 meshes.
In one embodiment, the fibers are composed of basalt mineral fibers and polypropylene fibers, and mainly play a role in inhibiting the occurrence and development of mortar cracks, reducing water analysis and aggregate settlement on the surface of the mortar, greatly reducing the content of micro voids in the mortar, and effectively improving the impermeability, compactness, system viscosity and strength of the plastering mortar.
In one embodiment, the basalt mineral fiber and the polypropylene fiber are 0.5 to 0.9 part and 0.1 to 0.5 part by mass respectively.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar in any technical scheme, which comprises the following specific steps: uniformly stirring the liquid material component, the powder material component and water to obtain the mechanical spraying plastering mortar, wherein the liquid material component comprises: water reducing agent, slump retaining agent, air entraining agent, defoaming agent, workability improving agent and water, wherein the slump retaining agent: the mass ratio of water is 2-10: 65-95; the powder material comprises the following components: portland cement, bentonite, glass powder, glass sand, stabilizer, adjusting the coagulant, wherein portland cement: bentonite: glass powder: the mass ratio of the glass sand is 8-40: 2-10: 2-10: 28-85.
In an embodiment of the method of manufacture, the portland cement is ordinary portland cement.
In an embodiment of the method of manufacture, the powder component further comprises calcite powder.
In an embodiment of the method of preparation, the liquid composition further comprises a preservative.
In one embodiment of the method of making, the powder component further comprises fibers.
In an embodiment of the preparation method, the liquid material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2-10 parts of water reducing agent, 2-10 parts of slump retaining agent, 0.2-1 part of air entraining agent, 0.1-0.5 part of defoaming agent, 1-10 parts of workability improving agent and 65-95 parts of water; the powder material comprises the following components: 8-40 parts of Portland cement, 2-10 parts of bentonite, 2-10 parts of glass powder, 28-85 parts of glass sand, 0.02-0.5 part of stabilizer and 0.03-0.5 part of pour regulator.
In an embodiment of the method of manufacture, the portland cement is ordinary portland cement.
In an embodiment of the preparation method, the powder component further comprises 0-10 parts by mass of calcite powder.
In an embodiment of the preparation method, the powder component further comprises 0.1-1 part by mass of fiber.
In an embodiment of a method of making, the fibers include basalt mineral fibers and polypropylene fibers in parts by mass.
In an embodiment of the preparation method, the fibers comprise, by mass, 0.5-0.9 parts of basalt mineral fibers and 0.1-0.5 parts of polypropylene fibers.
In an embodiment of the preparation method, the liquid material component further comprises 0.7-3.5 parts by mass of a preservative.
In an embodiment of the preparation method, the liquid material component, the powder material component and water (0.5-2) are calculated according to a mass ratio, and the weight ratio is 100 (12-17).
The invention also provides application of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar in any technical scheme in cement-based materials.
Based on the above, compared with the prior art, the mechanically sprayed plastering mortar provided by the invention can make up the defects of low mortar compressive strength, high bleeding rate and reduced plastic retention time of the regenerated glass material due to smooth surface appearance on the basis of meeting relevant regulations of GB/T25181 premixed mortar, JG/T426 plastering mortar plasticizer and the like, retains the advantages of high transparency, strong scratch resistance and the like, can enrich the raw material source of the plastering mortar, improves the utilization rate of solid waste building materials, and ensures that the plastering mortar has good working performance in the environment of 0-40 ℃.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the features particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; the technical features designed in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention; it will be further understood that terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of this specification and the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The invention provides the following examples and comparative examples:
example 1:
preparing a liquid component and a powder component of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar according to the following proportion, wherein the liquid component comprises 50g of a water reducing agent, 30g of a slump retaining agent, 5g of a rosin resin compound, 2g of a polysiloxane organic matter, 30g of a polyacrylic acid sodium salt derivative, 30g of a polyether derivative, 10g of a triterpenoid compound and 843g of water in parts by weight; the powder part comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100g of ordinary portland cement, 20g of calcite powder, 100g of bentonite, 30g of 200-mesh glass powder, 746g of 70-140-mesh glass sand, 0.3g of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (10 ten thousand viscosity), 0.3g of welan gum, 0.3g of potassium silicate, 0.3g of crystal nucleus nano reinforcing agent, 0.3g of sodium gluconate, 1.5g of basalt mineral fiber and 1g of polypropylene fiber.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken, mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain the mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performance of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar is tested at the temperature of 0 ℃, and the comparison result with the competitive products is shown in the attached table 1.
Example 2:
preparing a liquid material component and a powder material component of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar according to the following proportion, wherein the liquid material component comprises 50g of a water reducing agent, 35g of a slump retaining agent, 5g of a fatty alcohol sulfonate compound, 2g of a polysiloxane organic matter, 25g of a polyacrylic acid sodium salt derivative, 35g of a polyether derivative, 10g of a triterpenoid compound and 838g of water; the powder part comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100g of ordinary portland cement, 20g of calcite powder, 70g of bentonite, 40g of 200-mesh glass powder, 766g of 70-140-mesh glass sand, 0.3g of xanthan gum, 0.3g of welan gum, 0.3g of calcium fluoroaluminate, 0.3g of triisopropanolamine, 0.3g of citric acid, 1.7g of basalt mineral fiber and 0.8g of polypropylene fiber.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken to be mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain the mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performance of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar is tested at 10 ℃, and the comparison result with the competitive products is shown in the attached table 2.
Example 3:
preparing a liquid material component and a powder material component of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar according to the following proportion, wherein the liquid material component comprises 50g of a water reducing agent, 45g of a slump retaining agent, 5g of a saponin compound, 2g of a polysiloxane organic matter, 30g of a polyacrylic acid sodium salt derivative, 30g of a polyether derivative, 13g of a triterpenoid compound and 825g of water; the powder part comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100g of ordinary portland cement, 15g of calcite powder, 50g of bentonite, 45g of 200-mesh glass powder, 786g of 70-140-mesh glass sand, 0.3g of xanthan gum, 0.4g of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (10 ten thousand viscosity), 0.2g of lithium carbonate, 0.2g of sodium nitrite, 0.4g of tartaric acid, 1.3g of basalt mineral fiber and 1.2g of polypropylene fiber.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken and uniformly mixed to obtain the mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performance of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar is tested at the temperature of 20 ℃, and the comparison result with the competitive products is shown in the attached table 3.
Example 4:
preparing a liquid material component and a powder material component of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar according to the following proportion, wherein the liquid material component comprises 50g of a water reducing agent, 45g of a slump retaining agent, 7g of a saponin compound, 2g of a polysiloxane organic matter, 35g of a polyacrylic acid sodium salt derivative, 25g of a polyether derivative, 13g of a triterpenoid compound and 823g of water; the powder part comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100g of ordinary portland cement, 15g of calcite powder, 35g of bentonite, 45g of 200-mesh glass powder, 801g of 70-140-mesh glass sand, 0.3g of rheological agent, 0.4g of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (10 ten thousand viscosity), 0.2g of lithium carbonate, 0.25g of triisopropanolamine, 0.35g of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1.5g of basalt mineral fiber and 1g of polypropylene fiber.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken and uniformly mixed to obtain the mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performance of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar is tested at the temperature of 20 ℃, and the comparison result with the competitive products is shown in the attached table 4.
Example 5:
preparing a liquid component and a powder component of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar according to the following proportion, wherein the liquid component comprises, by weight, 60g of a water reducing agent, 55g of a slump retaining agent, 5g of a protein salt compound, 2g of a polysiloxane organic substance, 30g of a polyacrylic acid sodium salt derivative, 30g of a polyether derivative, 16g of a triterpenoid compound and 802g of water; the powder part comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110g of ordinary portland cement, 35g of bentonite, 50g of 200-mesh glass powder, 801g of 70-140-mesh glass sand, 0.2g of rheological agent, 0.6g of welan gum, 0.1g of lithium carbonate, 0.2g of triisopropanolamine, 0.4g of tartaric acid, 1.4g of basalt mineral fiber and 1.1g of polypropylene fiber.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken, mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain the mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performance of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar is tested at the temperature of 30 ℃, and the comparison result with the competitive products is shown in the attached table 5.
Example 6:
preparing a liquid material component and a powder material component of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar according to the following proportion, wherein the liquid material component comprises, by weight, 60g of a water reducing agent, 70g of a slump retaining agent, 5g of a rosin resin compound, 2g of a polysiloxane organic substance, 25g of a polyacrylic acid sodium salt derivative, 35g of a polyether derivative, 20g of a triterpenoid compound and 783g of water; the powder part comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 105g of ordinary portland cement, 20g of bentonite, 55g of 200-mesh glass powder, 816g of 70-140-mesh glass sand, 0.7g of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (10 ten thousand viscosity), 0.2g of crystal nucleus nano reinforcing agent, 0.4g of sodium gluconate, 0.2g of white sugar, 1.3g of basalt mineral fiber and 1.2g of polypropylene fiber.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken and uniformly mixed to obtain the mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performance of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar is tested at the temperature of 40 ℃, and the comparison result with the competitive products is shown in the attached table 6.
Comparative example 1
The components and preparation method were the same as in example 6 except that bentonite was not added.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken from example 6 and comparative example 1, the liquid, the powder and the water are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performances of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar are tested at 40 ℃, and the comparison results of example 6 and comparative example 1 are shown in an attached table 7.
Comparative example 2
The components and preparation method were the same as in example 6 except that the weight of the added bentonite was 10 g.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken from the example 6 and the comparative example 2 to be mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain the mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performances of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar are tested at the temperature of 40 ℃, and the comparison result of the example 6 and the comparative example 2 is shown in the attached table 8.
Comparative example 3
The composition and preparation method were the same as in example 6 except that the added bentonite was 110g in weight.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken from example 6 and comparative example 3, the liquid, the powder and the water are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performances of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar are tested at 40 ℃, and the comparison results of example 6 and comparative example 3 are shown in the attached table 9.
Comparative example 4
The components and preparation method were the same as in example 6 except that no slump retaining agent was added.
After the liquid component and the powder component are prepared, 10g of liquid, 1000g of powder and 150g of water are respectively taken from example 6 and comparative example 4, the liquid, the powder and the water are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain mechanical spraying plastering mortar, the performances of the mechanical spraying plastering mortar are tested at 40 ℃, and the comparison results of example 6 and comparative example 4 are shown in an attached table 10.
Comparative example 5
The components and preparation method were the same as in example 6 except that the weight of the slump retaining agent added was 10 g.
After the liquid component and the powder component were prepared, 10g of the liquid, 1000g of the powder and 150g of the water were respectively taken in example 6 and comparative example 5, and mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mechanical spraying plastering mortar, and the performance was tested at 40 ℃, and the comparison results of example 6 and comparative example 5 are shown in the attached table 11.
Comparative example 6
The components and preparation method were the same as in example 6 except that the weight of the slump retaining agent added was 110 g.
After the liquid component and the powder component were prepared, 10g of the liquid, 1000g of the powder and 150g of the water were respectively taken from example 6 and comparative example 6, mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mechanical spraying plastering mortar, and the performance was tested at 40 ℃, and the comparison results of example 6 and comparative example 6 are shown in the attached table 12.
The grade and other technical indexes of the raw materials adopted in the preparation method, the examples and the comparative examples can be selected according to the prior art, and if the technical indexes are specified in the invention, the technical indexes are selected within the range specified in the invention, so that the technical effect of the invention is not influenced.
Test standards and test methods: GB/T25181 Ready-mix mortar, JG/T426 plastering mortar plasticizer and JGJ/T70 Standard test method for basic Performance of building mortar.
The test results were as follows:
TABLE 1 attached test data for example 1
Note: the contestants 1 and 2 do not use glass powder and glass sand as mineral aggregates.
Attached table 2 example 2 test data
Note: the contestants 1 and 2 do not use glass powder and glass sand as mineral aggregates.
Table 3 attached table example 3 test data
Note: the contestants 1 and 2 do not use glass powder and glass sand as mineral aggregates.
Table attached table 4 example 4 test data
Note: the contestants 1 and 2 do not use glass powder and glass sand as mineral aggregates.
TABLE 5 attached test data for example 5
Note: the contestants 1 and 2 do not use glass powder and glass sand as mineral aggregates.
TABLE 6 accompanying Table 6 test data for example 6
Note: the contestants 1 and 2 do not use glass powder and glass sand as mineral aggregates.
TABLE 7 accompanying test data for example 6 and comparative example 1
TABLE 8 accompanying test data for example 6 and comparative example 2
TABLE 9 accompanying Table 9 test data for example 6 and comparative example 3
TABLE 10 accompanying test data for example 6 and comparative example 4
TABLE 11 accompanying test data for example 6 and comparative example 5
TABLE 12 accompanying Table 12 test data for example 6 and comparative example 6
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the mechanically sprayed plastering mortar provided by the invention can make up the defects of low mortar compressive strength, high bleeding rate and reduced plastic retention time of a regenerated glass material due to smooth surface appearance on the basis of meeting relevant regulations of GB/T25181 premixed mortar, JG/T426 plastering mortar plasticizer and the like, retains the advantages of high transparency, strong scratch resistance and the like, can enrich the raw material source of the plastering mortar, improves the utilization rate of solid waste building materials, and ensures that the plastering mortar has good working performance in the environment of 0-40 ℃. Proper amount of bentonite can improve the hygroscopicity, expansibility, tensile bonding strength and plasticity of the mortar, but excessive bentonite can further increase the viscosity of the mortar, reduce the strength of the mortar and influence the construction performance of the mortar. The setting regulator can regulate the setting time of the mortar, prevent the mortar from the problem of quick setting or super retardation, and improve the strength of the mortar through the alkali excitation effect. The appropriate amount of calcite powder and silicate cement can be filled in the pores of the glass powder and the glass sand, the grain composition and the compactness of the plastering mortar are synergistically improved, and a compact hydration product can be formed after hydration reaction, so that the defects of poor mortar cohesiveness and low strength of the regenerated glass material due to smooth surface appearance are overcome, the mortar strength is improved, the volume change caused by dry shrinkage and wet expansion of the cementing material in the setting and hardening process is reduced, but the hydration activity of the calcite powder is lower than that of the silicate cement, and the excessive use of the calcite powder and the silicate cement means that the proportion of the silicate cement in a mortar system is reduced, so that the mode does not greatly contribute to the improvement of the tensile bonding strength of the mortar. The polypropylene fiber is matched with the basalt mineral fiber, so that the moisture absorption and water retention of the mortar can be effectively improved, the crack resistance of the mortar is improved, and the generation of various cracks is reduced and inhibited. The slump retaining agent can be adsorbed on the surfaces of cement particles, and the cement particles are mutually repelled due to the same charges, so that the cement particles are dispersed to release redundant moisture among the particles to generate a slump retaining effect; after the slump retaining agent is added, an adsorption film is formed on the surface of cement particles, so that the hydration process of cement is delayed, the growth of a cement stone crystal is more complete, capillary gaps generated by water evaporation are reduced, the strength, the hardness and the structural compactness of the mortar are improved, but the phenomena of segregation, bleeding and the like of the mortar can be caused by adding too much slump retaining agent.
In addition, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, although there may be many problems with the prior art, each embodiment or aspect of the present invention may be improved only in one or several respects, without necessarily simultaneously solving all the technical problems listed in the prior art or in the background. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that nothing in a claim should be taken as a limitation on that claim.
Although terms such as water reducing agent, slump retaining agent, air entraining agent, defoaming agent, workability improving agent, preservative, stabilizer, set control agent, fiber, etc. are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, of the embodiments of the invention are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a mechanical spraying plastering mortar which characterized in that: comprises a liquid material component and a powder material component:
the liquid material comprises the following components: water reducing agent, slump retaining agent, air entraining agent, defoaming agent, workability improving agent and water, wherein the slump retaining agent: the mass ratio of water is 2-10: 65-95;
the powder material comprises the following components: portland cement, bentonite, glass powder, glass sand, stabilizer, adjusting the coagulant, wherein portland cement: bentonite: glass powder: the mass ratio of the glass sand is 8-40: 2-10: 2-10: 28-85.
2. The mechanical spray plastering mortar of claim 1, wherein: the weight portion:
the liquid material comprises the following components: 2-10 parts of water reducing agent, 2-10 parts of slump retaining agent, 0.2-1 part of air entraining agent, 0.1-0.5 part of defoaming agent, 1-10 parts of workability improving agent and 65-95 parts of water;
the powder material comprises the following components: 8-40 parts of Portland cement, 2-10 parts of bentonite, 2-10 parts of glass powder, 28-85 parts of glass sand, 0.02-0.5 part of stabilizer and 0.03-0.5 part of pour regulator.
3. The mechanical spray plastering mortar of claim 1, wherein: the powder component also comprises calcite powder and fibers, and the liquid component also comprises a preservative.
4. The mechanical spray plastering mortar of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the liquid material also comprises water, and the mass ratio of the liquid material component to the powder material component is (0.5-2): 100, (12-17).
5. The mechanical spray plastering mortar of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the workability improver consists of a polyacrylic acid sodium salt derivative and a polyether derivative; the water reducing agent and the slump retaining agent are both polycarboxylic acid graft multipolymer.
6. The mechanical spray plastering mortar of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resins, fatty alcohol sulfonate, saponins and protein salt; the defoaming agent is polysiloxane organic matter; the stabilizer is one or more of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, welan gum, xanthan gum and rheological agent, wherein the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 10 ten thousand.
7. The mechanical spray plastering mortar of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the set control agent comprises one or more of an early strength agent, a set accelerator and a retarder; the early strength agent is one or more of sodium nitrite, triisopropanolamine and a crystal nucleus nano reinforcing agent; the coagulant is one or more of calcium fluoroaluminate, lithium carbonate and potassium silicate; the retarder is one or more of white sugar, tartaric acid, sodium gluconate, citric acid and sodium hexametaphosphate.
8. The mechanical spray plastering mortar of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the glass powder is 200 meshes, and the glass sand is 70-140 meshes.
9. The mechanical spray plastering mortar of claim 3, wherein: the fiber consists of basalt mineral fiber and polypropylene fiber, and the preservative is a triterpenoid.
10. Use of a mechanical spray plastering mortar of any of claims 1 to 9 in a cement-based material.
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