TH24889U - A star rise and set map that is independent of the observer's latitude. - Google Patents

Abstract

OCR 20/04/2022 The latitude-independent star rise and set map is a two-sided star map that can be used all over the world (independent of the observer's position on the ground). It is made of a single circular cardboard sheet showing the horizon grid lines (horizon at different latitudes and azimuth angles) flanked by two circular clear plastic sheets showing celestial objects in the equatorial coordinate system. This new rotating star map was invented to be used in conjunction with the equatorial coordinate rotating star map to convert the positions of stars in the equatorial coordinate system to the positions and times of rise and set in the horizon coordinate system at any observer's latitude. It can be used as a teaching aid for teachers and lecturers of astronomy, astrology, and archaeology. It is suitable for students from high school, university students, and the general public.

Claims (1)

OCR 09WP 20/11/2024 1. A map of the rising and setting of stars that is not parallel to the observer's latitude, consisting of the inner plate in the northern hemisphere (1) is an opaque circular cardboard sheet, 20 cm in diameter, with a hole punched at the center (1.1) as the pivot point, consisting of (a) a grid of lines in the horizon coordinate system, divided into the North Celestial Pole (1.2) which corresponds to the pivot point, the Celestial Equator (1.3) represented by a circle near the edge of the plate, and a grid of azimuth angles at the horizon (1.4) inside the celestial equator and in the form of a vertical, non-converging curve, starting from the azimuth angle of 270 degrees or east (W) on the left side of the plate northward to the azimuth angle of 90 degrees or east (E) on the right side of the plate, in 30-degree and 10-degree intervals, with the ends of each line containing the azimuth angle. It is placed around the celestial equator, and the grid lines showing the horizon at various latitudes (1.5) lie within the celestial equator and are horizontal arcs that meet at points east and west, starting from the horizon at 90 degrees south latitude or the South Pole (the upper semicircle, overlapping the celestial equator). It is made up of grid lines at 30 degrees and 10 degrees intervals. At the center of each line is the latitude value. Along the grid line indicating the azimuth angle at 0 degrees or north (N), which is a vertical straight line through the central pivot point. (b) Coordinate scales in the celestial equatorial coordinate system are divided into the declination scale (1.6) and the right ascension scale in minutes (1.7). Both scales are L-shaped, with the declination value counting from +90 degrees at the north celestial pole (the central pivot point) to 0 degrees at the celestial equator (near the lower edge of the disc). And the right ascension value in The minutes scale at the bottom edge of the disc runs from 0 minutes to 60 minutes to the right. The right ascension scale in minutes is used in conjunction with the hourly right ascension grid (3.7) on the outer disc in the northern celestial hemisphere (3). (c) The time ring (1.8) shows the local mean solar time in a 24-hour day. It consists of a ring at the edge of the disc with counter-clockwise hour numerals and a division every 10th minute and 5th minute. This ring is used in conjunction with the calendar ring (3.9) on the outer disc in the northern celestial hemisphere (3). The inner disc in the southern hemisphere (2) is a circular opaque cardboard 20 cm in diameter with a hole at its center (2.1) as a pivot point, printed on the same cardboard as the inner disc in the northern celestial hemisphere (1). It consists of (a) a grid of horizon coordinates It is divided into the South Celestial Pole (2.2) which corresponds to the pivot point; the celestial equator (2.3) represented by a circle near the edge of the disc; a grid of azimuth values at the horizon (2.4) lies within the celestial equator and is a vertical, non-converging curve running from 90 degrees or east (E) azimuth on the left side of the disc south to 270 degrees or west (W) azimuth on the right side of the disc, at 30 and 10 degree intervals with azimuth values at each end around the celestial equator; and a grid of horizon lines at various latitudes (2.5) lies within the celestial equator and is a horizontal, converging curve running from the horizon at 90 degrees south latitude or the South Pole (the bottom semicircle, overlapping the celestial equator) to 0 degrees latitude or the Earth's equator. (a horizontal straight line through the central pivot point) to 90 degrees north latitude or the North Pole (the top semicircle, overlapping the celestial equator), at intervals of 30 degrees and 10 degrees. At the center of each line is a latitude value marked along the grid line, indicating the azimuth angle of 180 degrees or south (S), which is a vertical straight line through the central pivot point. (b) Coordinate scales in the celestial equatorial coordinate system are divided into declination scales (2.6) and right ascension scales in minutes (2.7). Both scales are in the shape of an inverted L, with declination values counting from 90 degrees at the south celestial pole (the central pivot point) to 0 degrees at the celestial equator (near the bottom edge of the disc), and right ascension values in minutes at the bottom edge of the disc counting from 0 minutes to 60 minutes to the left. Right ascension scales in minutes are used. Together with the hourly right ascension grid lines (4.7) on the outer southern celestial plate (4); (c) the time ring (2.8) showing the local mean solar time in a 24-hour per day system. It is a ring on the edge of the plate with clockwise hour numerals and marks every 10th and 5th minute. This time ring is used in conjunction with the calendar ring (4.9) on the outer southern celestial plate (4). The special features are that the outer northern celestial plate (3) is a circular, transparent plastic disc with handles on both sides (for attaching to the outer southern celestial plate (4)), 19 cm in diameter, with a hole at the center (3.1) as the pivot point. It consists of (a) a celestial coordinate system grid (3.2) showing ecliptic latitude from 10 to +10 degrees from the ecliptic (3.3) shown by a bold curve, along with lines indicating The ecliptic longitude at 0 degrees (3.4), which is a curve drawn from the ecliptic near the edge of the disc to the North Ecliptic Pole (3.5) near the central pivot point, is represented by a grid of 2-degree intervals (3.2) around the ecliptic. The ecliptic longitude from 0 to 180 degrees is marked in 30-degree intervals beside the +10 degree ecliptic. (b) The celestial equatorial grid is divided into the celestial equator (3.6), represented by a circle near the edge of the disc; and the right ascension grid (3.7), which is a straight line drawn from the central pivot point out to the edge of the disc in 2-hour and 30-minute intervals marked with right ascension numbers every hour on the edge of the disc. It is used in conjunction with the right ascension meter in minutes (1.7) on the inner northern celestial plate (1), and the declination grid (3.8), which is a series of concentric circles pivoted around the edge of the plate, from +90° declination or North Celestial Pole at the pivot point, to 0° or the celestial equator near the edge of the plate, in 30° and 10° intervals (c). The calendar ring (3.9) consists of two rings along the edge of the plate; the inner ring indicates the month with a bar; the outer ring indicates the day of the month with a bar and five-day date markers. The calendar ring is used in conjunction with the time ring (1.8) on the inner northern celestial plate (1). The outer southern celestial plate (4) is a circular, clear plastic disc with two handles (for attaching to the inner plate). The outer northern celestial plate (3) has a diameter of 19 cm with a hole in the center (4.1) and is printed on a separate sheet of clear plastic from the outer northern celestial plate (3). It consists of (a) a serpentine grid showing the ecliptic latitudes from 10 to +10 degrees from the ecliptic (4.3) shown by bold curves, with a line indicating the 0 degree ecliptic longitude (4.4) which is a curve drawn from the ecliptic near the edge of the plate to the South Ecliptic Pole (4.5) near the pivot point at its center. Both the ecliptic latitudes and serpentine longitudes are shown by grid lines at 2 degree intervals (4.2) around the ecliptic; And it has a value of solar longitude starting from 180 to 0 degrees, divided into 30 degree intervals, placed beside the 10 degree solar latitude line. (b) The celestial equatorial grid is divided into the celestial equator (4.6), represented by a circle near the edge of the disc, the right ascension grid (4.7), which is a straight line drawn from the central pivot point to the edge of the disc, divided into 2-hour and 30-minute intervals, with numbers indicating the right ascension value every hour at the edge of the disc, used in conjunction with the right ascension meter in minutes (2.7) on the southern celestial hemisphere (2), and the declination grid (4.8), which is a circle with the pivot point as the center, overlapping to the edge of the disc, starting from 90 degrees declination or the south celestial pole at the pivot point to 0 degrees or the celestial equator near the edge of the disc. It is divided into 30-degree and 10-degree intervals (c). The inner calendar ring (4.9) shows the months with a line between them; the outer ring shows the day of the month with a line between them and a number every five days. This calendar ring is used in conjunction with the Time ring (2.8) on the inner disc in the southern sky (2).