SU996729A1 - Method of controlling caving-in and motion of materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the opencast mining of mineral deposits.

There is a known method of forming a heap on a slope, including the sequential dumping of rocks and; artificial hoisting by supplying compressed air to an inflatable casing located at the base of the blade parallel to the front of the dumping 1.

The disadvantage of this method is that the inflatable shell affects only a small part of the dump rocks located between the slip plane and its ejection, and the movement of this part of the collapsed rocks is carried out only under its own weight. Because of this, the additional receiving capacity of the heap becomes considerably less than the original one after the collapse of the rocks, and the subsequent dumping, when forming a common heap, will need to be trenched again and laid in it. clip with sheath.

Also known is the management of the dump 1 of rocks when open.

the development of minerals, including the artificial collapse of the blade by forcibly soaking a layer of loose rock mass in contact with the underlying rock with water supplied from the discharge system placed in the underlying rock before filling the dump 2.

The disadvantage of this method is that the movement along the slope of the rocks of the temporary heap after their artificial collapse occurs under the action of gravitational forces. Therefore, the range of movement of rocks, t

15 and, consequently, the total capacity of the blade depends on the steepness of the slopes of the mountains and the ravines on which it forms. In addition, the method is technically complex, since it requires periodic restoration of the water outlet system disrupted as a result of rock caving.

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficacy and improve the safety of the worker.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the forced impact on the material being moved is effected by an array of rocks, which are oscillated. FIG. Figure 1 shows the scheme of applying the proposed method for the formation of dumps on the slope of mountains or deep ravines; fig 2 is the same when developing a mountainous place of birth by a system of inclined layers in open pit mining; in fig. 3 10, when cleaning the slopes of mountains from clusters of disturbed rocks. The method is carried out as follows. On the slope of the mountain or its top in the rock mass (Fig. 1), a platform is constructed 1 in length, equal to the length of the dump front, and the width, providing accommodation for the necessary mountain and transport equipment. In this area, in the immediate vicinity of its outer edge, one or several vibration sources 2 are installed along the length, the main parameters of which can vary depending on the geological and mining conditions in the following ranges: the disturbing force 100 10000 tf, frequency fluctuations of 1-60 Hz. By means of known methods, for example, bouillin dispensers or dumpers from site 1 on the mountainside, dumping of overburden rocks removed from the quarry 3 is carried out. This state of the blade is determined on the basis of special surveying observations of its deformations. When the scientific research institute reaches its limit contours, the work on the temporary heap stops and the vibration sources 2 are switched on, the oscillating side of the underlying rocks 4 is transferred. by reducing the effective coefficients of friction and adhesion during vibration. After completion of the descend of the dumped rocks, the vibration vibration sources are disconnected and a new temporary dump is dumped from the same site 1. The operating time of the vibration source is determined by the slope steepness and the properties of the stored rocks. Thereafter, the operations are repeated until a common dump is formed throughout the slope. FIG. 2. according to the method presented working board career. Depending on the. overburden capacity it may consist of one or several ledges, worked out by inclined layers 5 and the same number of platforms il on which the vibration sources 2 are installed and the loading and transport equipment is located. The length of the sites is equal to the length of the front of the quarry, the width is determined by the technology of mining. In the development of deposits, the inclined layers 5 are retracted, and they are bathed from bottom to top with lengths equal to the offset of the ledge. The inclined layer 1 of the inclined layer (extraction block) is loosened by known methods, which collapses on the slope of the ledge. Rocks of the ledge are nodastilayuschimi for the collapse of the mountain mass. The vibration source 2 located on the overlying platform 1 communicates the directional vibrations to the underlying rocks 4. The vibration reduces the effect of the friction and adhesion forces in the material being moved 3 and actively influences it in the direction of transport. The pulling force ensures the movement of the rock mass along the slope of the ledge, the angle of which is chosen from the condition of excluding gravity movement. The weight delivered to the horn platform by loading equipment b is loaded onto the vehicles 7 and transported to external or internal dumps. In the same sequence, the next excavation unit and the whole approach are processed. As mining works develop in the quarry, vibration sources 2 are transferred when working on an inclined layer parallel to the work front, and when working on layers it is perpendicular to it. In this case, vibration source sources must be adjusted depending on changes in the geological characteristics of the rock mass transported, the underlying rocks and elements of the development system. Transferred material 3 can be represented by villages, avalanches, kurums of FIG. 3). The cleaning of mountain slopes from narcidized rocks in areas of construction or mining operations is carried out in the following sequence. Depending on the propagation width, the zones of disturbed rocks build one or several sites 1 on the slope of the mountain massif. special excavation workings 8. These workings create or increase the stress state of the disturbed rock zone 3. Their movement along the mountain slope is carried out under the action of their own weight due to the forces of vibration. Vibro-sources 2 located at the sites 1 report oscillations of the bed

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION ‘Method for controlling collapse and movement of materials placed On a rock mass, including compulsory action on the material being moved, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency and improve work safety, the compulsory effect on the material being moved is carried out by the rock mass, to which vibrations are reported.