SU995819A1 - Fire preventing device - Google Patents

Description

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This invention relates to fire prevention devices.

A fire prevention device is known, comprising an emergency sensor assembly unit associated with an actuator system, a pressure alarm unit and a ventilation status indicator unit {.

A disadvantage of this device is the low fire prevention performance.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of fire prevention.

The goal is achieved by the fact that a fire prevention device containing an emergency operation sensor unit, a pressure alarm unit and a ventilation state alarm unit associated with an executive system, has a pump operation alarm, a driver for operation modes, a mode change operating unit and a mode detector , while the outputs of the emergency operation sensor unit, the ventilation status detector and the pump operation detector are connected to the corresponding inputs of the operating mode driver, the first output One of which is connected to the first input of the mode indicator,

connected by a second input to the control input of the executive system, and a third input connected to the output of the pressure alarm unit and the first input of the operating mode change unit, which by the second input is connected to the second output of the operating conditioner, connected to the first output of the executive system, which the second input is connected to the output of the operating mode changing unit, and the output of the emergency operation sensor unit is additionally connected to the third input of the operating mode changing unit.

The shaper of operation modes has 15 prohibition elements, an OR element, a time relay and an inverter, the input of which is connected to the control inputs of the first and second prohibition elements, the output of the inverter is connected to the first input of the third prohibition element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the OR element, connected to the first input with the output of the first prohibition element and the input of the time relay, the second input of the OR element is connected to the information input of the second prohibition element.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the device; in fig. 2 - diagram of the executive system of inert gases; nf FIG. 3- scheme form) ovat.l modes; in fig. 4 is a block diagram of a mode change operation; in fig. 5 - scheme of the mode indicator.

The device consists of an inert gas actuator system 1, the actuators of which are connected by their inputs to the unit 2 of operating mode changes, and the outputs of the valve position alarms and the output contacts of the actuators of the inert gas system mechanisms are connected to the detector input of the 3 modes. In addition, a pressure control unit 4 curHaJiH aTOpOB, the output of which is connected to blocks 2 and 3, emergency sensors 5 of the system 1 of inert gases, the outputs of which are connected to the first input of the former 6 modes and block 2, is installed on the pipelines of the executive system 1. the second input of the imager of 6 modes is connected to the signaling device 7 of the ventilation state, and to the third input - the signaling device 8 of the pump. The outputs of the block 6 are connected to the inputs of the block 2 of the change of operating modes, the indicator of the 3 modes and the system 1.

At the same time, the outputs of the emergency operation sensor unit 5., the ventilation state detector 7, and the pump operation detector 8 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the operation mode generator 6, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the mode 3 detector connected by the second input to the executive system control input 1, and the third input is connected to the output of the pressure detector unit 4 and the first input of the operation mode changing unit 2, which is connected to the second output of the driver 6 modes of operation by the second input, connecting A third output with the first input of the executive system 1, which is connected to the output of the operating mode changing unit 2 with the second input, the output of the emergency operation sensor unit 5 is additionally connected to the third input of the operating mode changing unit 2.

The inert gases executive system 1 (Fig. 2) consists of pipelines, with remote-controlled valves installed on them and separate mechanisms. A receiving gate 9 from an inert gas source, a cleaning unit 10, an inert gas blower II and a discharge gate 12 are successively installed on the inert gas system pipeline. Downstream of the inlet gas 9, a pipeline with an air shutter 13 installed on it is connected to the inert gas system. A pump 14 is connected to the cleaning unit 10. The intake and discharge nozzles of the superchargers are connected via a bypass valve 15.

The shaper 6 modes (Fig. 3) consists of a relay 16 time, the output of which is connected to the fourth output, and the input to the third output of the block and the output of the prohibition element 17, allowing the input

associated with the input of the block that is connected to -block 7. The prohibitory input of the prohibition element 17 is associated with the input of the block that is connected to the output of the pump operation detector 8, with the enable input of the prohibition element 18, which is connected with its output to the first output. the block, and the prohibiting input is connected with the sensors of the block 5 of the system 1 of inert gases and with the first input of the element OR 19, the second input of which is connected to the output of the element 17

the prohibition and the output to the prohibiting input of the prohibition element 20, the output of which is connected to the second output of the unit, and the enabling input through the inverter 21 is connected to the input of the unit which is connected to the operation indicator of the pump 8.

The mode change block 2 (Fig. 4) consists of the element OR 22, the inputs of which are connected to the first output of block 6 and the output of element MEMORY 23, the input of which is connected to the output of the "Min block 4

pressure alarms, and erasing the input to the "Max" output of the same unit.

The output of the element OR 22 is connected to the inputs “Open and“ Start of the actuators 9, 10, 14 of system 1, through the prohibition element 24, which prohibits the input of which is connected to the output “Open of the block 13. At the same time, this output of the gate alarm device 13 is connected to the input of the element OR 25, the output of which is connected to the inlet "Start-up of the actuating mechanism 11 of the inert gas system 1, and the second input

5 is connected to the output of an element 26, the inputs of which are connected to the output of the open position indicator of the shutter 9 and the output contacts of the actuators of the mechanisms 10 and 13 of the system I of inert gases.

0 In addition, the first output of block 6 is connected to one of the inputs of element 27, the second input of which through element 28. is not connected with the output of element MEMORY 23. And the third input is connected to the output contact of the actuator of the supercharger 11. The output of element 27 associated with the output of the "Close actuator shutter 12 and the input" Open the actuator shutter 15.

The inputs of the element 29 are connected to the first output of block 6, to the output contact of the actuator of the inert gases system 1 supercharger 11 and the output of the min signaling device of the pressure block 4, and the output of the element 29 to the input of the open actuator of the shutter 12 and the input close

5 of the actuator of the shutter 15 through the element OR 30, the second input of which is connected with the output of the element MEMORY 31, the input of which is connected to the output of the element AND 32, the inputs connected with the second output of block 6 and the output contact of the actuator of the supercharger 11. The erasing input of the element MEMORY 31 is connected to the Max output of the detector 4, the output of which is connected to the first input of the AND 33 element, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the block 6, and the output of the element 33 is connected through the OR 34 element to all the stop actuators spolnitelnoy system 1 of inert gases.

The second input of the element OR 34 is connected to the fourth output of block b, and the third to the sensors of block 5 through the prohibition element 35, which prohibits the input connected to the third output of block 6. This same output of block 6 is connected to the input of element 36. The output of element And 36 is connected to the input of the Open actuator 12, and the second input is connected to the output contact of the actuator P.

Block 3 (Fig. 5) consists of elements And 37 and 38, the first inputs of which are connected to the output of the element MEMORY 39, the input of which is connected to the output Min of the signaling device of block 4 ,. and the erase input - to the output “Max of the same alarm device. The second inputs of the And 37 and -38 elements are connected to the output of the Open position indicator of the shutter 12, and the third inputs are connected respectively to the outputs of two and one block 6. The output of the And 37 element is connected to the alarm lamp 40, and the output of the And 38 element lamp 41 alarm.

The inputs of the And 42 element are connected respectively to the outputs of the Open position of the gate position detectors 12 and 13, as well as to one of the outputs of block 6. The output of the And 42 element is connected to the alarm lamp 43.

The alarm lamp 44 is connected via an element 45 to one of the outputs of block 6, with the output of the open position indicator of the shutter 15 and the output contact of the actuator of the supercharger AND of the inert-gas system 1.

After switching on, the device operates as follows.

The modes of operation of the device are the modes “Loading and Transition, Unloading, and the mode Ventilating. The main modes are the modes "Loading and Unloading", since the mode "Transitioning by its nature of operation completely coincides with the mode" Loading, and the mode "Venting" is switched on occasionally, mainly for carrying out preventive inspections of equipment inside the tanks.

Usually Oil tankers are loaded by coastal means, therefore in mode “Loading, cargo pumps do not work. In this case, there is no output signal from the pump output signal 8, and at the output of the inverter 21 there is a signal that through the prohibition element 20

enters the second output of block 6. As soon as the pressure of the inert gas drops to the minimum value, at the output "Min. of the detector of block 4, a signal appears which, through the elements MEMORY 23,

OR 22 and the prohibition element 24 is fed to the inputs of the actuators for starting the cleaning unit 10, the cooling pump 14 and opening the receiving gate 9. From the output of the MEMORY element 39, the same signal simultaneously goes to. input element I 37. Informa tion on the opening of the receiving gate 9 and the start of the cooling pump 14 and the cleaning unit 10 is received respectively from the gate position indicator and the contacts of the actuators of the mechanisms to the input of the element

5 and 26 and further, through the element OR 25, to the actuator of the gas pump 11 for its start. After the start of the gas supercharger from the contact of the actuator, the output signal goes sequentially through the elements of AND 32, to the second input of which comes

0 signal from the second input of block 6, the element MEMORY 31 and the element OR 30 to the actuator mechanism of the shutter 12 to open it and the actuator of the shutter 15 to close it.

 After the discharge shutter is opened, the lamp 40 in the block lights up, signaling the flow of the receiving mode, the load, since signals from the second output of block 6 also come to the input of the And 37 element

n and the output "Open of the position indicator of the shutter 15. As soon as the inert gas pressure reaches the upper value, at the output." A signal appears at the signaling device of unit 4, which goes to erasing the memory from elements 31 and 23 and one time to the input of the AND element 33, the second input of which is connected with the second output of unit 6. The output of element 33 and the signal comes through element OR 34 for the general shutdown of the executive system mechanisms. We are 1 inert gases, because in the mode of operation of the vessel "Loading and Transition pressure in tanks falls very re Hardly and practically there can be no sudden "failure of pressure. As soon as all the mechanisms of the system 1 stop, the lamp 40 on block 3 goes out, since the signals that came from the MEMORY element 39 and the output of the Shutter position opener 12 are removed from the inputs of the element 37. After loading and during the flight vessel device

continues to work in the “Loading” mode, since during the transfer of the vessel, the mode ensuring the safety of the cargo, in its technical parameters, coincides with the mode “Loading. During the voyage, the device may be turned on several times.

work - depending on the change in pressure drop in the vessel's tanks.

When installing the vessel for unloading, cargo pumps are turned on, and at the output of the pump operation alarm 8, a signal appears that enters the input of unit 6, in which, through the prohibition element 18, enters the first output of the imager 6. This same signal simultaneously arrives at the inverter input 21 and the prohibiting entry element 17 of the ban. From the first output of the imaging unit 6, the signal enters through the OR element 22 and the prohibition element 24 on the input of the actuators of the system I to open the receiving gate 9, start the cooling pump 14 and the cleaning unit 10. The signals on the inclusion of these mechanisms is-. An inert gas system I is fed to the inlets of the unit 2 to start the gas pump 11 through the element, si 25 and i 26. After the compressor G. I comes to gas mode, the signal from the contact of its actuator enters the element i 27, to another input The signal comes from the first output of the driver 6. The output signal from element 27 is fed to the actuator of the bypass valve 15 to open it and the actuator of the pump 12 pressure pump to close it. Signals about the opening of the shutter 15 and the launch of the supercharger 11 gases are received at the inputs of the element I 45, the third input of which receives a signal from the first output of the driver 6 modes. The output signal from the element And 45 includes a lamp 44, signaling the readiness of the system to perform the mode "Unloading." As soon as the gas pressure reaches the minimum value, the output of the Min signal of the pressure gauge of block 4 is a signal that goes to the inputs of the elements MEMORY 39 of block 3 of element 1, MEMORY 23 of block 2 and to the input of element And 29 of the same block. The output signal from the element MEMORY 23 removes the output signal from the element NO 28, which goes to the input of the element AND 27. At the same time, the inputs of the element AND 29 receive signals from the contact of the actuator of the supercharger 11, from the output of the Min signal of the pressure generator 4 and from the first output of the driver 6 The output signal of the element 29 is supplied to the executing mechanisms for opening the discharge gate 12 and closing the bypass valve 15 through the element OR 30. As the control commands are executed, the lamp 44 goes off as the input signal informing about opening the bypass valve 15, and the lamp 41 lights up indicating the operation of the plant in the “Unloading” mode, since the inputs of the And 38 element have all three input signals: from the output of the MEMORY element 39, from the output of the “Open position indicator of the shutter 12 and from the first output shaper 6. When the pressure of the inert gas reaches the upper nominal value at the output of Max on the pressure indicator of the unit. 4, a signal appears that arrives at the erasing input of the MEMORY 39 element of block 3 and at the erasing inputs of the MEMORY 23 and 31 elements of block 2. Immediately at the output of the HE element 28, a signal appears that passes through the element 27 to the test mechanisms for closing the discharge gate 12 and opening the bypass gate 15, since the other inputs of the element 27 already have signals from the first output of the bis driver of the contact of the actuator of the supercharger 11 of the inert gas system 1. After executing this control command, the device again goes into the ready state for executing the mode "Unloading." The lamp 41 goes out as the signal1 is removed from the output of the element 38 and associated with the output of the element MEMORY 39 and the output of the open shutter position indicator 12. The lamp 44 lights up again, as the command "45" is restored at the input of the element I 45 Opening the position indicator of the shutter 15. Thus, during the unloading on the vessel of petroleum products, the inert gases executive system 1 will be maintained in the mode "Unloading This is necessary in order to exclude the inert pressure drops during unloading of the vessel wow gas in tanks. As soon as the cargo unloading operations are completed, the installation automatically switches to the "Loading" mode and during the transition will be put into operation in the event of a decrease in gas pressure in the tanks. At the output of the alarm 8, the pump disappears the output signal, which provides a signal from the output of the inverter 21 through the element 20 prohibiting the second output of the driver 6. The command from the second output of the shape generator in this case is fed to the input of the element 32, the second the input of which is connected with the output contact of the actuator of the supercharger 11. The output signal of the AND 32 element is fed to the actuating mechanism of the bypass valve for closing it and the pressure valve 12 for opening it through the element OR 30 and MEMORY 31.to raise the pressure in tanks. As soon as the pressure in the tanks reaches the maximum value, from the output of the Max switch of the pressure gauge of unit 4, a command simultaneously arrives at the erase input EV of MEMORY 31 and At the input of element 33, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the imager 6. passes to the actuators of the system I inert gases to turn off all the mechanisms through the element OR 34.

Thus, the device operates in a closed-loop operation of the vessel: loading-transfer-unload-transfer-load.

Claims (2)

If necessary, carry out an inspection of the device located in the tank itself in the absence of cargo, the operator must first carry out its ventilation. Block 7 is turned on for this. The signal from its output goes through the prohibition element 17 to the third output of the imaging unit 6. Simultaneously from the prohibition element 17, the output signal goes to the barring input element 20 of the barrier through the OR element 19 to prohibit the device to perform the "Loading. From the third output of block 6, the signal goes to the actuator to open the shutter 13 of ventilation. From the output of the Open position indicator of the shutter 13, the command enters the input of the element OR 25, the input blocking element 24 of the prohibition of block 2 and the expansion mechanisms of the device 10, 14, 9 for stopping and closing. From the output of the element 25, the command enters the actuator of the gas 1I for starting it. After the start of the supercharger to the input element I 36, two signals arrive: from the contact of the actuator of the supercharger 11 and from the third output of block 6. From the output of the element 36, the signal goes to the actuator of the discharge gate 12 to open it and open the discharge gate, the lamp 43 lights up conducting the ventilation mode, since all three signals appear at the input of the AND 42 element: from the outputs of the Open position signaling devices of the gates 12 and 13 and from the third output of the driver 6. After the time relay 16 is working out, its output goes to the OR 34 and beyond for shutting down the entire system 1. Time relay 16 is installed on an installation sufficient to ventilate the floor. When one of the signals for emergency operation of the unit 5 is triggered, the output signal is fed to the inhibitor element 35 of block 2. The output of the inhibit element 35 is connected to the input of the OR element 3, from which the command goes to shut off all the mechanisms of the inert gas system 1; At the same time, the command from the sensors of the emergency operation of the installation: unit 5 is fed to the prohibiting entry of the prohibition element 18 directly, and to the prohibiting entrance of the prohibition element 20 through the element OR 19 to block the operation of the driver 6. Any sensors can be used as alarms for the parameters of the normal and emergency operation In addition to the analog output signal, industrial versions also have discrete output signals for connecting them to relay-diode logic. The normal operation sensors of the installation include: a cargo pump operation alarm (for example, a speed sensor), an inert gas pressure alarm device having “Max and Min” settings, rotary gate end position alarms, block contacts of magnetic starters of the magnetisers and the outboard water pump, The emergency signaling sensors of the installation include: signal a-. Lysators increase the temperature and humidity of the inert gas above the permissible values, signaling devices for the pressure drop of the inert gas and cooling water to emergency values, signaling devices for the content of hydrocarbons and oxygen in the inert gas are higher than normal. A toggle switch can be used as a switch on the ventilation mode. The proposed device provides automatic transition from one main mode of operation to another, which allows for better cargo handling operations, reduces energy consumption and thereby eliminates dangerous moments from the point of view of tanker operation; provides in the mode "Unloading" the maintenance of a constant readiness for the supply of inert gas to the tanks, which excludes "pressure dips in the tanks and" cracks of hot inert gas that can lead to an explosion. This ensures a more intensive unloading of the cargo, i.e., the time of unloading is reduced; allows you to bring the pressure in the tanks to the upper normal-value after the end of the mode of unloading the vessel and, thereby, better prepare the vessel for navigation (transition); provides the operator with information on the performance of the main operating modes of the vessel by the inert gas system, which facilitates the operator’s work and reduces the likelihood of protective actions. The use of the proposed device enhances the effectiveness of fire prevention. Claim 1. Fire prevention device containing emergency function sensor block, pressure signaling device block and ventilation condition indicator associated with the executive system, which, in order to increase the effectiveness of fire prevention, has a pump operation indicator, condition driver operation, a unit for changing operating modes and a mode indicator, while the outputs of the block of emergency sensors, the ventilation status indicator and the pump operation indicator are connected to the corresponding inputs of the operating mode generator, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the mode indicator connected by the second input to the control input of the executive system, and the third input is connected to the output of the pressure alarm unit and the first input of the operation mode change block that is connected to the second input the second output of the shaper mode of operation, connected by the third output to the first input of the operating system, which is connected to the output of the mode changing block by the second input, And the output of the emergency operation sensor unit is additionally associated with the third input of the operation mode change unit. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the driver of the operation modes has prohibition elements, an OR element, a time relay and an inverter, the input of which is connected to the control inputs of the first and The second prohibition element, the inverter output is connected to the first input of the third prohibition element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the OR element connected by the first input to the output of the first prohibition element and the input of the time relay, the second input of the OR element is connected to the information input of the second prohibition element. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 475157, cl. A 62 C 39/02, 1973., 3 one .l hl.s SbfxjimmHj I Stix.KBHm.nycK Iff SH) (Ksm-fii / cK fit W from, tutu. 13 : J 23 min t from DS1 g M2,  Shd. YOU) (1. You). Mn (p. ptssk if 26 25 Start 11 P 2 27 Close 12 g. thirty 5i V ffffoci. 12 H Cmsn -r one Fy