SU988952A1 - Water-passing structure - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to construction, in particular, is intended to prevent the formation of frost when crossing road surfaces of small watercourses in areas with harsh climatic conditions.

A culvert is known, containing a culvert and a warming sleeve located on the upper side of the embankment in front of the entrance to the tube and preventing the formation of frost Cl.

However, the use of this device does not allow to create reliable protection before entering the pipe and may lead to partial thawing of icy soils at the base of the embankment and to their subsidence. With a small water. current pond warming may be insufficient.

The closest to the ft110 is the culvert containing a pipe located in the body of the embankment, located in front of the entrance

Into the tube there is a screen, with openings located below the level of the retaining horizon of the watercourse, and a heat insulation cavity located above the bed of the watercourse C2,

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not guarantee against the formation of frost before and after the culvert pipe. This is due to the fact that at the outlet of the culvert there is no insulating cavity, which greatly reduces the thermal insulation effect of the air layers above the watercourse. In addition, it should be borne in mind that the permafrost waters have a low temperature capable of forming ground frosts in the heat insulation cavity, in the pipe, and especially at the outlet from it.

Claims (2)

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency by reducing heat loss by the stream. The goal is achieved by the fact that the culvert containing a pipe located in the Tehe embankment, a screen located at the entrance to the pipe with holes located below the level of the retaining horizon of the watercourse, and a heat insulation cavity located above the watercourse channel are provided with heat insulating material a casing having a curved upward curvilinear surface, forming which is oriented along the axis of the pipe, and interacting lower ends with the pipe, while the casing is divided on the inside of the vertical nymi partitions made of flexible material, the outer surface of said housing is formed with emissivity equal to 0,92-0,98, and the inner surface - with koeffitsientm emissivity of 0, 08. In addition to this, the culvert is constructed with an additional heat-insulating cavity, similar to that indicated earlier and located at the outlet of the pipe. Fig. 1 shows the culvert (the insulating cavity with the casing is located at the inlet and outlet of the pipe), a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 is a view A of FIG. one; in fig. 3 variant of the device, where a heat-insulating cavity with a casing is located at the inlet of the pipe; in fig. A is a variant of the device, where the insulating cavity with the jacket is located at the outlet of the pipe. The water throughput construction contains a water throughput pipe 1, screen 2 with wrenches 3 installed at a distance of -B meters from pipe 1 at the level of a fixed pond. A cover of 6 boards and thermal insulation material is laid between screening 5 and screen 2 cavity 7. A heat-insulating cavity 8 at the outlet of the throughput pipe (with the exception of screen 2) is similarly performed. Above the inlet and outlet stream of the riverbed: pipes are fitted with insulating shells 9 made of metal or plywood with chambers 10 formed by elastic partitions 11, for example, glass fiber. The upper surface of the skin xo 9 is covered with aluminum foil on a paper or cardboard basis, having a small blackness coefficient 0,, Оb, and the outer surface is covered with 98–24 bitumen, the blackness coefficient of which is 0.92–0.98, the shells 9 are provided with double-sided curtains 12 made of elastic material, for example, glass cloth, while their length is equal to the length of the casing, and their width is not less than 0.2 m; G2 curtains protect chambers 10 of casing 9 from air entering from insulating cavities 7 and 8. any, with the distance between the surface the casing and the channel of the watercourse should not be more than 0.8 m. To prevent water leakage, screening 13 serves below the screen 2. The water throughput works as follows. During the warm period of the year, the water passes through the openings 3 of the screen 2 or freely flows over its upper face. Before winter operation, the openings 3 of the screen 2 are cleaned and cavities 7 and 8 are arranged with covers 9. Insulating cavities can be located at the inlet and outlet of the culvert, or only at the entrance or only at the outlet, depending on local conditions. The groundwater forms a pond, the surface of which is covered with ice and snow. The horizon of groundwater with the first positive temperatures is set at the level of the holes 3 of the screen 2, and then enters the cavity 1. In the chambers 10 of the casing 9, the heat lost by radiation from water will be insignificant, which ensures that the water temperature remains positive. Due to the insulating properties of the embankment 5, the water in the pipe 1 is not cooled. When leaving the culvert 1, water again enters the casing 9 of the cavity 8. Since the watercourse is isolated by two air layers in cavities 7, 8 and enclosures 9i, the heat loss due to radiation from the water decreases. This is facilitated by coating the outer and inner surfaces of the casings. Due to the difference in blackness coefficients, heat energy is received from insulating cavities by enclosures, and radiating thermal energy of water does not spread beyond the enclosure chambers. To eliminate additional cooling, water, and the formation of the first ice phase, it is recommended to place the casing in the pipe 1 on the inlet and outlet side 1.5-2.0 m. the distance is established empirically and is associated with the optimal radiation, at which, for example, outgoing students vary only in spite of the loss of about 15% of radiation in the visible beam region. The device can have the following versions: installation of heat-insulating cavities with a casing in front of the entrance at the culvert and after it, before entering the culvert, after the culvert. The water throughput construction eliminates the formation of icing when the water throughput pipe crosses the pavements of small watercourses in areas with harsh climatic conditions. The efficiency of the facility is achieved by creating a fixed water level in the insulating pond from the entrance to the water throughput pipe, installing insulating shells in the heat cavities that form a double air pr-layer above the watercourse, reducing the heat loss of water emitted by the radiation. Claims 1. A water throughput construction comprising a pipe located in the body of the embankment, a screen located in front of the entrance to the 9-24 pipe with openings located below the level of the retaining horizon of the watercourse and an insulating strip located above the watercourse channel, characterized in that , in order to increase efficiency by reducing heat loss by a stream, it is provided with a heat insulating jacket placed in a heat insulation cavity, having a curved upwardly curved linear surface, which forms an orientation along the pipe axis , and the interacting lower ends with a pipe, while the casing is divided from the inside by vertical partitions made of elastic material, the outer surface of said casing is made with a blackness coefficient equal to 0.92-0.98, and the inner surface - with a blackness factor equal to 0, 08 2. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that it is constructed with an additional insulating cavity, similar to the one indicated and located at the outlet of the pipe. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1, USSR Author's Certificate No. 2W216, cl. E 01 F 5/00, 27.0.68. 2. USSR author's certificate №, cl. Е 01 С 1/02, 01.Ob.77 (prototype). eleven- 5 t AL Hki.f f