SU971207A1 - Foam generator - Google Patents

Description

one

The present invention relates to the food industry and can be used to produce smoke in smoke production.

A smoke generator is known, which contains a metering hopper, a smoke-generating chamber, a smoke outlet, heated under, a scraper for collecting burnt sawdust, and a collector .l.

The disadvantage of this smoke generator is low productivity due to the lack of mixing of sawdust and low quality smoke.

Also known is a smoke generator containing a smoke-forming chamber, a sawdust dispenser, with an electric heater and a ash collector .2.

The disadvantages of this smoke generator are low productivity due to the lack of mixing of sawdust and the need to ensure a given particle size distribution of sawdust,

Closest to the invention is a smoke generator containing a metering hopper, a smoke generating chamber, having an air inlet window and a smoke outlet, heated under, equipped with an electric heater and movable scrapers mounted above the bottom to mix sawdust and remove ash 3 J.

This smoke generator has a low

10 performance due to incomplete use of the heated hearth surface area and inefficiency, mixing of sawdust due to the fact that they accumulate in front of the scrapers, forming a tow, and part of the bottom of the scrapers becomes bare, as well as the low quality of the resulting smoke due to the presence of stagnant zones above the surface of the heated hearth, due

20 of which the products of wood pyrolysis are not rapidly removed from the zone of high temperatures. In addition, it is characterized by a large consumption.

39

power per unit mass burned sawdust

The aim of the invention is to improve the performance of the smoke generator, to improve the quality of the smoke produced and to reduce the power consumed by it.

The goal is achieved by the fact that a smoke generator including a metering hopper, a smoke generating chamber with a window for air supply and smoke exhaust nozzles mounted in a chamber under an electric heater and scrapers fixed over the bottom with the possibility of movement is additionally equipped with fixed scrapers fixed above movable ones. the gap, the width of which decreases in the direction of movement of the movable scrapers, and the device for adjusting the width of this gap, while the smoke outlet and the air inlet The walls are coaxial on opposite sides of the smoke-forming chamber so that their axis passes above and below the sub-plane.

In addition, the chamber has a cylindrical shape, and the scrapers, mobile and stationary, are reinforced radially

The fixed scrapers are hinged to the walls of the smoke-forming chamber, and the device for adjusting the width of the gap between the scrapers is a lever, one end of which interacts with fixed scrapers and the other with a lock nut.

In the proposed smoke generator, a smoke outlet pipe is installed on the side of the metering hopper, and the electric heater is mounted under the hearth area equal to its area, starting from the metering hopper during the movement of the mobile scrapers

Fig „1 presents the proposed smoke generator, section, fig, 2 section aa on fig 1; Fig 3 under the electric heater installed in it, LOW view

The smoke generator contains a metering hopper 1, a cylindrical smoke-forming chamber 2, a collector 3, an electric drive t, under 5 with a sector hole 6 for unloading burnt sawdust and an electric heater 7 Over the top surface of the hearth 5 there are radial sliding skids 8 fixed to the shaft 9 connected with the electric drive o Above 207

These scrapers 8 are fixed with a gap, fixed scrapers 10 "The gap formed between the scrapers 8 and 10 has a width that decreases towards

5 movements of scrapers 8 „

The scrapers 10 are connected to the walls of the chamber 2 by means of hinges 11, and the smoke generator is provided with a device for adjusting the width of the gap between the scrapers 8 and 10, which is a lever 12, one end of which interacts with the scrapers 10, and the other end with a lock nut 1

5 On the diametrically opposite sides of chamber 2, a window H is coaxially mounted for supplying air and a pipe 15 for evacuating smoke. Window k for the supply of air and pipe 15 for

0 exhaust smoke are located so that their axis passes above and parallel to the surface of the hearth 5; and the lower sections are located 0.1-0.2 m above this plane, while the outlet pipe 15 is

5 smoke installed from the side of the hopper 1 o

The electric heater 7 is mounted under the bottom in an area equal to 50-70 of its area, starting from the bunker-up to the jam in the direction of movement of the scrapers 8. The scrapers 8 and 10 are made of sheet material. The optimum value of the thickness of the scrapers is 6 mm, which has a great effect on uniform distribution of sawdust. The range of adjustment of the width of the gap between the scrapers 8 and 10 at the point of entry of sawdust for under 5 is 30 mm.

The smoke generator works as follows. Electric heater 7 is energized, as a result of which, under 5, it starts to warm up. After the heating is completed, the electric drive k of the smoke generator is turned on, and the metering hopper 1 begins to deliver sawdust for 5 °. Scrapers 8 are driven by rotation by shaft 9 and rotate along the bottom of 5 meters and sawdust is heated and start to smolder. The air enters through the air supply window 1t, then moves in a countercurrent parallel to the plane of the surface of the hearth 5 and carries away the products of wood pyrolysis and

Claims (3)

 the quality of the smoke is removed through the outlet 15 of the smoke. When the scrapers 8 are rotated, the sawdust accumulates in the slides in front of them and thus moves, while the surface of the hearth 5 behind these radial scrapers becomes bare. The radial scrapers 10 center the tops of the sawdust and drop them onto the bare surface of the subfloor 5, thus distributing the sawdust and mixing them. As it moves, the height of the hills of sawdust is reduced due to their partial combustion and grinding, but the clearance between the slides 8 and 10. Therefore, this phenomenon in this smoke generator does not impair the distribution and mixing of the sawdust. The burnt sawdust is dumped by the radial scrapers 8 through the sector hole 6 of the hearth 5 into the ash collector 3, while the sparks do not enter air flow, as this hole is closed by a plate 16. The change in the moisture content or particle size distribution of the sawdust leads to the need to change the gap between the scrapers 8 and 10 by adjusting the: Wan gap, while increasing the humidity or reducing the size of the sawdust requires reducing this gap. This release of the locking nut 13f moves the lever 12 to the appropriate side and then again locking the nut 13 is clamped. With this, the scrapers 10 rotate around the hinges 11, thereby changing the gap between the scrapers 8 and 1 0 .. Fixed scrapers 10, mounted over movable scrapers of the smoke generator with a gap decreasing in the direction of movement of the movable scrapers 8, improve the distribution of sawdust on the surface of the heated hearth 5 and their mixing, which leads to improved performance of the smoke generator and reduced power consumption. Presence of a device for adjusting the gap allows adjusting the smoke generator for use of various sawdust. The movement of air in the smoke-forming chamber 2 parallel to the heated hearth 5 allows to obtain high-quality smoke without ballast and carcinogenic substances. The range of adjustment of the gap between moving and fixed scrapers at the place of sawdust Heated under equal to 30 mm allows optimal use of the smoke generator when using sawdust with different properties. "Distance 0.1-0.2 m from the lower sections of the air inlet window of the smoke exhaust pipe, as well as the location of the drain pipe from the metering bin side, prevent the ash and dust particles from being carried away. Not all heating, but only 50-70% of the heated hearth surface area saves a significant amount of electricity without reducing the smoke generation rate and reduces the risk of ignition of sawdust. Preliminary tests of the current layout showed high efficiency of the proposed smoke generator and allowed to conclude that such a smoke generator with a heated hearth diameter of 0.7 m is equivalent in performance to two smoke generators (prototype). At the same time, the power consumption of the proposed smoke generator is expected to be about 1015 KW, while in the prototype smoke generator it is equal to 25-30 kW The annual economic effect from the proposed smoke generator will be approximately 553,000 rubles. Claim 1. Smoke generator, including hopper, smoke-generating chamber with a window for air supply and smoke exhaust pipe, mounted. In the chamber under with electric heater and scrapers fixed above the floor with the possibility of moving, about l and -. due to the fact that, with the aim of increasing productivity, reducing power consumption and improving the quality of the smoke produced, it is equipped with fixed scrapers, which are fixed above movable ones with a gap, whose width decreases towards the movement of movable scrapers, and with a device for adjusting the width of this gap, while the smoke exhaust pipe and the air inlet window are located coaxially on opposite sides of the smoke-forming chamber so that their axis passes above and below the hearth plane. 2. Dumogenerator according to claim characterized in that the chamber has a cylindrical shape, and under the movable and stationary scrapers are fixed radially. 7 3. The smoke generator is n, 1, characterized in that the fixed scrapers are hingedly connected to the walls of the chamber smoke pattern, and the device for adjusting the gap between the scrapers is a lever, one end of which interacts with the fixed scrapers and the other with lock nut. A smoke generator in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the smoke exhaust pipe is installed on the side of the metering hopper. 5. The smoke generator according to claim 1, characterized in that The heater is mounted under the hearth area equal to 50-70 of its area, starting from the metering hopper in the direction of movement of the mobile scrapers, Information sources, taken into account in the examination 1, USSR Author's Certificate No. 130773, cl. And 23 In VOt, 1959. 2, Technological equipment of the fishing industry. Express information TSNIITZIRH. Issue 1, 1977, p. 3-6. 3. USSR author's certificate number 11 + 722, cl. A 23 B / 0, 19b2 „ AL