SU969212A1 - Method of pollution of plants - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD OF PLANT POLLUTION

one

The invention relates to the breeding and seed production of small-flowered cross-pollinated plants, in particular, to the selection and seed production of alfalfa.

There is a method of pollination of plants, which includes the operation of opening flowers by mechanical action and exposure to an electrostatic field 1.

The disadvantage of this method is the low efficiency of pollination and the harvest of seeds.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of pollination and increase the yield of seeds.

This goal is achieved by the fact that, simultaneously with the mechanical effect and the electrostatic field, the flowers are additionally affected by a positively charged electrode, and the complex effect is performed with an interval of 4-5 days during the mass flowering period.

In addition, the effect of a positively charged electrode is carried out with the surface charge density of the electrode in the range of 0.000008-0.000012 C / m, and

electrostatic field with intensity in the inflorescence zone of 1500-2000 V / cm. The mechanical effect of the electrode on the flowers of alfalfa contributes to their disclosure, and the presence on its surface of a static 5 positive charge

0.000008-0.000012 C / m creates an electrostatic field in the zone of inflorescences with an intensity of 1500-2000 V / cm.

10 Simultaneous impact on flowers by mechanical means and an electrostatic field allows you to remove pollen from the anther of a flower and apply it on the stigma of the pistil of another plant at the time of opening the flower, i.e. before contact (stigma)

15 with a sail.

The intensity of the electrostatic field of 1500–2000 V / cm creates a force capable of extracting pollen from the anther and moving it onto the surface of the electrode, and the surface2Q on the density of electric charges ensures a quick equalization of the charge of pollen with the electrode section and repulsion of it, thus forming a pollen cloud. in the area of the flowers not yet opened by the electrode.

In addition, the effect on pollen of an electrostatic floor contributes to its viability, better growth on the stigma of the pistil and fertilization.

A decrease in the surface density of the charge of the electrode leads to a decrease in the electrostatic field intensity in the inflorescence zone and reduces the amount of pollen extracted, and, consequently, the efficiency of pollination. Increasing it above 0.000012 C / m causes damage to the pollen, as this causes the rupture of the pollen seed shell.

The treatment of alfalfa crops in the period of mass flowering with an interval of 4-5 days allows the pollination of flowers ready for fertilization, which at the time of the first treatments were not yet ripe, or newly formed.

FIG. Figure 1 shows schematically an installation for carrying out a method for increasing the efficiency of the process of pollinating alfalfa plants; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one.

The installation comprises a frame 1 supported on wheels replicating the soil 2. On the frame 1 rollers 3 are vertically fixed, carrying electrodes 4, made in the form of brushes of nylon filaments with a diameter of 0.2-0.25 mm and a length of 50-100 mm, parallel to which are installed non-electrolytic electrodes 4 rollers 5, also made in the form of brushes, but of propylene filaments. On shafts 6 and 7 of rollers 3 and 5, drives 8 and 9 are mounted.

The installation works as follows.

When tractors move through the drive 8 and 9, rotational movement of rollers 3 with electrodes 4 and non-electrified electrodes 4 rollers 5 is performed. At the same time, brush-shaped electrodes 4 rollers interact with the number of flowers 1.7

Seed yield from 1 ha of sowing, total income 0.17

on the surface of the latter (electrodes) due to the friction of a static positive charge. The circumferential speed of the electrified rollers 5 is chosen such that the surface charge density of the electrodes 4 is within the range of 0.000008-0.000012 C / m. The circumferential speed of the rollers 3 at the ends of the electrodes 4 must correspond to the translational speed of the machine.

When the machine moves along the aisles between the plants, the inflorescences fall between the rollers 3. Electrodes 4, mechanically acting on the flowers, open them. At the same time, the electrostatic field created by the surface charge density on the electrodes 4 provides for the extraction of pollen from the anthers of the open flowers and their transfer to the surfaces of the electrodes 4. Once on the surface of the electrodes 4, the pollen grains equalize their charge with the surface areas of the electrodes and repel themselves at the same time, a pollen cloud is formed above the flowers that have not yet been opened, and upon further movement of the machine, at the moment of mechanical action and opening of these flowers, the pollen from the cloud is applied to the stigma before contact with the sail, which ensures the effectiveness of fertilization and tying the beans.

Treatment of alfalfa plants in the period

mass bloom repeated after 4-5

days in order to produce pollination again

0 formed and ripened to pollination

flowers.

Experiments were carried out to verify the proposed method of increasing the efficiency of the pollination process of alfalfa plants of the variety “Kiev is variegated with the use of the described installation.

The table shows the increase in the number of boars and the yield of seeds after a single treatment of alfalfa plants in this way.

35.6 3.6

As can be seen from the table, the yield of seeds only with a single treatment of alfalfa plants by the proposed method increased by 20 times compared with the control.

Claims (2)

1. A method of pollination of plants, which includes the operation of opening flowers with a mechanical action and an electrostatic field, characterized in that, in order to increase the effectiveness of pollination and increase the yield of seeds, simultaneously with the mechanical action and the electrostatic field ZE111G5 The flowers additionally act with a positively charged electrode, and this complex effect is performed with an interval of 4-5 days in the period of mass flowering. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The effect of a positively charged electrode is carried out with a surface charge density of the electrode in the range of 0.000008-0.000012 C / m, and an electrostatic field with a intensity in the inflorescence zone of 1500-2000 V / cm. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 755247, cl. A 01 H 1/02, 1979. / 11 I T y / i mr 3 fzg i