SU968826A1 - Device for determining random process parameter probability distribution - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to specialized computing tools for measuring the statistical characteristics of random processes.

A device for measuring the probability distributions of lightning parameters of a certain type is known. The device contains a signal sensor, through a peak detector connected to an amplitude-pulse module torsm, connected to a multi-channel amplitude analyzer and to a pulse shaper 1.

The closest technical solution to the invention is a device for determining the probability distribution of the maximum amplitude of pulsed signals, contains a signal sensor connected via a one-shot and pulse generator with a modulator and a discharge circuit, the output of which is connected to a single input of a peak detector, the output of which is connected through the modulator to the amplitude angleshift and the other input to the output of the signal sensor 5.

The disadvantage of these devices is that the measured distribution

may be distorted by registering signals generated by lightning of the wrong type, but large in size. For example, when ground lightning is registered, cloud lightning may be partially recorded and vice versa.

The aim of the invention is to increase the accuracy of measurement of the probability distribution of lightning parameters of a certain type by improving their selection.

The goal is achieved by the fact that. device for determining

15 probability distributions of random process parameters, containing a signal sensor, the output of which is connected to the input of the first one-shot and the information input of the first peak detector, the information output of which is connected to the information input of the pulse width modulator, the control input of which is connected to the output

25 pulse generator, and the output - with the input of the amplitude analyzer, contains a threshold element, the element And, the second one-shot, the second and third peak detectors, the subtractor 30 and the first and second filters, the inputs of which are combined and connected to the output of the signal generator, the outputs of the filter through the corresponding second and third peak detectors are connected, respectively, to the first and second inputs of the subtraction unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the element I through the threshold element, the output of which is connected to the input of the forma l pulses, the second input element And combined with the input of the inclusion of the first peak detector and connected to the output of the first one oscillator, the control output of the first peak detector connected to the inputs of the inclusion of the second and third peak detectors, while the input of the second one oscillator connected to the output of the first filter, and the output is connected to the third input of the element I, The drawing shows a block diagram of the device. A device for determining the probability distributions of the parameters of a random process contains a signal sensor 1 connected in series, a single vibrator 2, an IZ element, a pulse shaper 4, a pulse amplitude modulator 5, and a (multiple) amplitude anchizer b. Between the signal sensor 1 and one of the inputs of the element 3 are connected in series the filter 7, the peak detector 8, the subtraction unit 9 and the threshold element 10. In between the signal sensor 1 and one of the inputs of the subtraction unit 9 are connected the serially connected filter 11 and the peak detector 12 Between the output of the filter 11 and one of the inputs of the element 3, a one-shot 13 is switched on. Between the sensor 1 of the signals and one of the inputs of the amplitude-pulse modulator 5 a peak detector 14 is turned on. The control inputs of the P11K detectors 8 and 12 are connected to The output of the peak detector 14, whose input is connected to the output of the one-shot 2, Filter 11 sets the maximum spectral density of electromagnetic signals generated by a certain type of lightning, and filter 7 to the maximum spectral density of the signals generated by lightning from | We want to rebuild. The device considers lightning to a certain type if the signal value at the output of the filter 11 exceeds the threshold level selected earlier, as well as more than the signal output value of the filter 7 by a preselected value. As a result, the selection of a certain type of zipper is significantly improved. The signal under study from the output of Sensor 1 of the signals simultaneously arrives at the inputs of filters 7 and 11, the one-shot 2 and the peak detector 14. When a signal exceeds the threshold of the one-shot 2, a square pulse appears at the output of the last, whose duration is the maximum duration of the signals being examined can be set to 1.5 s. The front FRONT of this pulse triggers the peak detectors 8, 12 and 14 to the working state (in the initial state, the peak detectors are bridged). If the value of the signal at the output. filter 11 tuned to a maximum spectral density of electromagnetic signals generated by a particular type of lightning bolt exceeds the trigger threshold of the single vibrator 13, the latter gives an enabling pulse to one of the control inputs of the element 3. The pulse duration can be chosen equal to the pulse duration of the single vibrator 2 The signals from the outputs of the filters 7 and 11 are fed to the inputs of the peak detectors 8 and 12, with the help of which the largest amplitudes of these signals are stored until the end of time, equal to o / 1aksimalnoy duration of the signals from the outputs signals of peak detectors 8 and 12 are supplied to the subtracting unit 9. The difference signal from the output of the latter is fed to the input of the threshold element 10, in which the Schmitt trigger is used. If the magnitude of the signal at the output of the peak detector 12 is greater than the magnitude of the signal at the output of the peak detector 8 by an amount exceeding the trigger threshold of the threshold element 10, the latter produces an enabling pulse to the second control input of the FROM element. In this case, the back front of the pulse from the output of the one-shot 2 Runs the pulse shaper 4, which produces a normalizing pulse, which is fed to the control input of the pulse amplitude module -. torus 5. In this case, the information input of the modulator 5 is supplied with a quasi-constant voltage from the output of the peak detector 14, the value of which is equal to the maximum amplitude of the signal at the input of the peak detector 14. Thus, the output of the modulus is. Step 5, a pulse with normalized parameters appears, the amplitude of which is equal to the maximum amplitude of the signal under study. Depending on its amplitude, this pulse is recorded in the corresponding kangsha of the amplitude anasiator b. After the one-shot 2 returns to its initial state (the pulse at its output ends), the voltage at the output of the peak detector 14 begins to decrease and when it reaches a certain level, the new detectors 8, 12 and 14 return to their original state .

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The magnitude of the signal at the output of filter 11 does not exceed the trigger threshold of the second one-shot or does not exceed the signal at the output of filter 7 by an amount sufficient to trigger threshold element 10, or both, element 3 does not open. In this case, the pulse generator 4 is not triggered and, therefore, the signal generated by such a lightning is not recorded by the analyzer B.

In the study of electromagnetic signals generated by the main bits of terrestrial lightning, the bandwidth of the filter 11 can be chosen to be 5-10 kHz, and the filter of 7 - 25-50 kHz. In the study of cloud lightning - on the contrary, the filter bandwidth is 11-25 -50 kHz and the filter - 7 - 5-10 kHz.

The proposed device makes it possible to significantly improve the accuracy of measuring the likelihood distributions of lightning parameters of a certain type due to a significant improvement in their selection. These parameters, first of all, are the maximum amplitudes of electromagnetic signals generated by lightning, which contain information about the distribution of electric charges and their spatial and temporal variation during the development of lightning discharges. Therefore, the distributions of their amplitudes reflect the corresponding distributions for lightning currents. Therefore, the proposed device also makes it possible to obtain the probability distribution of the amplitudes of lightning currents. The probability distribution of lightning parameters is of considerable interest from the point of view of lightning protection.

Claims (2)

1. USSR author's certificate in application 2901563/24, cl. G 06 G 7/52, 1980. 2. USSR author's certificate in application number 2860534/24, class 06 G 7/52, 1979, (prototype).