SU1043685A2 - Random process parameter probability distribution determination device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to specialized computer aids for measuring statistical characteristics of random processes.

According to the main auth. No. 968826, a device is known for determining the probability distributions of a random process parameter comprising a signal sensor, the output of which is connected to the input of the first one-vibration and the information input of the first peak detector, whose information output is connected to the information input of the pulse amplitude modulus, the control input of which is connected with the pulse driver and the gate driver with the amplitude analyzer input, the threshold element, the And element, the second one-shot, the second and third peak detectors , the subtractor unit, the first and second filters, whose inputs are combined and connected to the output of the signal sensor, the output of the filter through the corresponding second and third peak detectors are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the subtraction unit, the output of which is through the threshold element the input element And, the output of which is connected to the input of the pulse formaker, the second input of the element And is combined with the enable input of the first peak detector and connected to the output of the first one-oscillator, which controls the output of the first peak etektora connected to the inputs of incorporation of the second and third peak detector, wherein the input of the second monostable multivibrator is connected to the output of the first filter and the output is connected to. the third input of the element And tlj.

Such a device allows the determination of a probability distribution corresponding to either terrestrial or cloud discharge only. The disadvantage; it is the impossibility of simultaneously obtaining (during the same thunderstorm) the two named distributions.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device by providing the possibility of: obtaining at the same time two probability distributions, ONE of which corresponds only to terrestrial, and the other to only cloud discharges.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for determining the probability distributions of the parameters of a random process is equipped with a series-connected additional threshold element, a pulse shaper, an amplitude-pulse modulator and a multi-amplitude analyzer; input additional threshold element.

connected to the output of the subtraction unit; the information input of the additional pulse-amplitude modulator is connected to the information output of the first peak detector.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the proposed device ..,

A device for determining the probability distributions of the parameters of a random process contains a signal sensor 1 connected in series, a first one-shot 2, a CI element, a pulse shaper 4, a pulse-amplitude modulator 5, and a multichannel amplitude analyzer 6. Between the signal 1 sensor and one of the inputs of the I element 3, a second filter 7, a third picoil detector 8, a subtraction unit 9 and a threshold element 10 are connected in series. Signal sensor 1 and one input ID of the subtraction unit 9 are connected in series the first filter 11 and the second peak 12 are connected. Between the output of the first filter 11 and one of the inputs of element I. a second one vibrator 13 is connected. Between the signal sensor 1 and the information input of the pulse amplitude modulator 5 a first peak detector 14 is turned on. Control inputs Peak detectors 8 and 12 are combined and connected to the control output of the first peak detector 14, the control input of which is connected to the output of the first one-oscillator 2. In addition, the device contains additional threshold elements sequentially connected NT 15, pulse shaper 16, pulse-amplitude modulator 17 and multichannel amplitude analyzer 18, the input of the additional threshold element 15 is connected to the output of subtraction unit 9. The information input of the additional pulse-amplitude modulator 17 is connected to the information output of the first picovodetektor 14,

Filter 11 is tuned to a maximum of the spectral density of electromagnetic signals generated by ground discharges.,: And filter 7 to a maximum of the spectral density of signals generated by cloud discharges.

The device considers the discharge as ground if the signal value at the output of the filter 11 exceeds the selected threshold level and also exceeds the signal value at the output of filter 7 by a specified value. In this case, the discharge is recorded by the analyzer 6. If the signal value at the filter output 7 more than the magnitude of the signal at the output of the filter 11, by a specified amount, the bit refers to the cloud and is recorded by the analyzer 18. The device operates as follows. Investigating the signal from the output of sensor 1 of signals simultaneously enters the inputs of filters 7 and 11, the one-shot 2 and the peak detector 14. When the signal exceeds the trigger threshold of the one-shot 2, a rectangular pulse appears at the output of the latter, the duration KOTpporq is equal to the maximum distance The signals under study and can be set equal to 1.5. p. In front of it, the front of this pulse triggers peak children 8, 12 and 14 (they are bridged in the INITIAL state). If the magnitude of the signal at the output of the filter 11, which is set to the maximum spectral density of the electromagnetic signals generated by ground bits, exceeds the threshold: the processing of the one-shot 13, the latter produces an enabling pulse at one of the inputs of element 3. The pulse duration can be chosen equal to the pulse duration output one-shot 2.. The signals from the outputs of the filters 7 and 1 are fed to the inputs of the peak detectors 8 and 12, respectively, by means of which the largest amplitudes of these signals are stored until the expiration of the time equal to the maximum duration of the test signals. The signals from the outputs of the peak detectors 8 and 12 are fed to the subtraction unit. The differential signal from the output of the latter is fed to the inputs of the threshold elements 10 and 15, which can be used Schmitt triggers. The threshold element 10 is triggered only by a positive signal, and the threshold element 15 is triggered only by a negative signal. The magnitude of the signal at the output of the peak detector 12 is larger than the signal at the output of the peak detector 8 (the signal at the output of subtraction unit 9 is positive 7 by an amount greater than the threshold of triggering of the threshold element 10, the latter gives permission for the input pulse IZ. In this case, the falling edge from the output of the one-shot 2, the ffm-uper of 4 pulses is started, which produces a ns a maliue pulse arriving at the control input of the AMPLITUDE-MULTIULA MOULTER 5. At the same time, the information input of the modulators 5 is supplied with a quasi-constant voltage from the information output of the peak detector 14, the value of which is equal to the maximum, the minimum signal amplitude or the information input of the peak detector, 14.I. Thus, at the output of the modulus 5, a pulse with normalized parameters appears, the amplitude of which equal to the maximum amplitude of the signal under investigation. This pulse, depending on its amplitude, is recorded in the corresponding channel of the amplitude analyzer 6. After the one-shot 2 returns to the initial state (pulse The output will end}, the peak detectors 8 and 12 return to their initial state immediately, and the peak detector 14 — after the time required for the modulator 5 to work. The threshold element 15 cannot be started with a positive signal,. therefore, the amplitude analyzer-: 18 in the considered case does not participate in the work. If the magnitude of the signal at the output of the filter 11 does not exceed the trigger threshold of the single vibrator 13 or does not exceed the magnitude of the signal at the filter slope 7 by an amount sufficient to trigger the threshold element 10, or both, the element 3 does not open. In this case, the coring unit of 4 pulses does not start and, therefore, such a signal will be recorded by the analyzer without the analyzer. If the magnitude of the signal at the output of the peak detector 8 is greater than the signal at the output of the peak detector 12 1 signal, the output of the subtraction unit 9 is negative) by an amount exceeding the threshold of the threshold element 15, a square pulse appears at the output of the latter. At the moment the pulse ends at the output of the one-shot 2, the peak detectors 8 and 12 are reset. This leads to the fact that the pulse at the output of the threshold element 15 is also terminated. The back edge of this pulse triggers the pulse shaper 16. The latter generates a normalizing pulse, which arrives at the control input of the modulator 17, and from the quasi-constant voltage from the information output of the peak de-. tector 14, a pulse with normalized parameters is cut out, registering an amplitude analyzer 18i Peak detector 14, as in the considered case, returns to its initial state with a falling edge of the output of the one-vibrator 2 with the delay necessary for the modulator 17. The threshold element 10 it cannot start with a negative signal and, consequently, in this case the amplitude analyzer 6 is not involved in the operation.

At the end of the measurement process, the analyzer 6 contains the distribution of aspirations, corresponding only to the ground, and the analyzer. 18 - only cloudy discharges.

The bandwidth of the filter 11 is selected in the region of 5–10 kHz, and the filter 7 in the region of 25–50 kHz. .

The single-vibrator 13 is designed to eliminate the registration of low-frequency electromagnetic interference, which may have a ratio of components to which filters 7 and 11 are configured, which is practical. for ground bits, which may lead to the triggering of the threshold element 10.,

The proposed device provides a significant expansion of functionality in comparison with the known one, allowing us to determine at the same time two probability distributions, one of which corresponds to terrestrial bits, and the other to cloud ones. The known device makes it possible to measure only one of these sections.

Ground discharges are the most dangerous for ground objects, and cloud discharges are for aircraft. The probability distributions of the amplitudes of the electromagnetic signals generated by lightning reflect the corresponding distributions for currents necessary for calculating the lightning protection of any objects. Obtaining at the same time (during one and the same rpo3ia) two distributions, one of which corresponds to terrestrial discharges and the other to cloudy ones, makes it possible to investigate the features of these two types of discharges, which is of considerable interest from the POINT: view of thunderstorm studies. processes and lightning protection.

Claims (1)

(54) (5 7) DEVICE FOR DETERMINING DISTRIBUTIONS. PROBABILITY OF RANDOM PARAMETERS. PROCESS by Auth. · No. 968826, dated, most often E / 4 - in order to expand the functionality due to the possibility of determining simultaneously two probability distributions, it contains a chain of additional threshold element and pulse shaper connected in series, the output of which is connected to the control input of the additional amplitude-pulse modulator, the output which “is connected to the input of the additional amplitude analyzer, the information input of the additional amplitude-pulse modulator is connected to the information the output of the first peak detector, _the input of the additional threshold element 5S, is connected to the output of the subtraction unit.