SU1246119A2 - Device for determining probability distribution of parameters of pulse signals - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of specialized computing equipment for measuring the statistical characteristics of a random processor (in particular, disturbances of the electromagnetic field of the Earth due to lightning discharges). The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality by simultaneously obtaining two likelihood distributions, one of which corresponds to all, and the other to only the maximum slopes of the leading front of subsequent components of multicomponent pulse signals (in particular, electromagnetic signals generated by lightning). For this, the device contains an additional pulse-amplitude modulator, the output of which is connected to the input of the amplitude analyzer, the information input of the modulator is connected to the output of the second peak detector, and the control input is connected to the output of the additional pulse conditioner, the input of which is through the prohibition element connected to the output of the threshold devices. The control input of the prohibition element is connected to the output of the first additional one-shot, the input of which is combined with the additional input of the one-shot and connected to the output of the second additional one-shot, the input of which is connected to the output of the differentiating unit. 1 il. Additional to auth. № 1111183, § (L with y 4 R) F

Description

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The invention relates to specialized computational tools for measuring the statistical characteristics of random processes, and can be used, for example, in the study of disturbances of the Earth’s electromagnetic field due to lightning discharges, and is an improvement on the known device by author. No. 1111183.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device by determining the probability distributions of the maximum steepness of the leading front of subsequent components of the pulse signals.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the proposed device.

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The device for determining the probability distributions of the parameters of the pulse signals contains a series-connected differentiation unit 1, the input of which is the device input, the first peak detector 2, the second peak detector 3, the amplitude-pulse modulator 4 and the amplitude analyzer 5. The input of the single-oscillator is connected to the output of unit 1 6, as well as a chain containing a key 7 connected in series, a threshold element 8, a pulse shaper 9, the output of which is connected to the control inputs of the second peak detector 3 and the amplitude-pulse modulator 4. To the control input of the switch 7, the output of the trigger 10 is connected, one of the inputs of which is connected to the output of the one-shot 6, and the other is combined with the control input of the first peak detector 2 and connected to the output of the threshold element 8 In addition, the device contains an additional pulse-amplitude modulator 11, the output of which is connected to the input of an additional amplitude analyzer 12, the information input is connected to the output of the second peak detector 3, and the control input is connected to the output d An impulse generator of 13 pulses, the input of which is connected to the output of element 14, the information input of which is connected to the output of threshold element 8, the control input of bar 14, is connected to the output of the first additional one-shot 15, the input of which is combined with an additional

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the input of the one-shot 6 and is connected to the output of the second additional one-shot 16, the input of which is connected to the output of the differentiation unit 1.

The device works as follows.

The signal under study is fed to the input of the differentiation unit 1, the voltage at the output of which is proportional to the first derivative (slope) of this signal. The trigger 10 is assembled according to a scheme with separate start and automatic installation in the zero state when the device is turned on. The output signal of the trigger 10 is controlled by the key 7, which is open in the initial state. Thus, the signal from the output of unit 1 is fed to the information input of the first peak detector 2, to the inputs of one-shot 6 and 16, and also to the input of the threshold element 8. As a last, a Schmitt trigger can be used.

When the instantaneous value of the signal at the output of differentiation unit 1 exceeds a predetermined threshold level, rectangular impulses appear at the outputs of the one-shot 6 and 16, as well as at the end of the threshold element 8. The pulse duration at the output of the one-shot 16 is equal to the maximum total duration of the studied signals (but not more than the minimum time interval between them). Before the front of this pulse, a single vibrator 16 is triggered. The pulse duration at the outputs of one-shot 6 and 15 is chosen equal to the maximum duration of one component of the signals under study (but not more than the minimum interval between the components), and at the output of the threshold element 8 corresponds to the time to the first maximum of the signal at the input of the device. The latter is related to the fact that the voltage of the output of block 1 passes through a zero value at the moment when the voltage of the signal at its input passes through a maximum. The pulse from the output of threshold element 8 goes to the control input of the first peak detector 2 and translates it to the working state for the time up to the first maximum of the signal under study. After that, the information on the maximum steepness of the leading edge of the first component of the signal under investigation is stored

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in the second peak detector 3. Pulse edge 9 is triggered from the output of threshold element 8, pulse generator 9 is triggered, trigger 10 is tilted to one state and the signal from trigger trigger 10 closes key 7. The latter provides an analysis of the slope of the leading edge of the signal under investigation only during the time before the first maximum of this signal.

The pulse from the output of the one-shot 15 closes the prohibition element 14 for a time equal to the maximum duration of one (first) component of the signal under study. Thus, the start of the pulse former 13 (which is started by the falling edge of the pulse from the upstream of the threshold element 8) does not occur and, consequently, the maximum of the leading front of the first component is recorded by the analyzer 12n.

The pulse generator 9 outputs a normalizing pulse, which is fed to the control input of the amplitude-pulse modulator 4. At the same time, the information input of the modulator 4 from the output of the second PICO detector 3 is applied, the value of which is equal to the first amplitude of the signal at the output of the differentiation unit 1. Thus, at the output of modulator 4, a pulse appears with normalized non-informative parameters, the amplitude of which is proportional to the maximum steepness of the leading edge of the analyzed (in the considered case, the first) component of the signal under study. This pulse is recorded in the corresponding channel of the analyzer 5. The back edge of the pulse from the output of the pulse former 9 is that the second peak detector 3 returns to its initial state.

With the falling edge of the pulse from the output of the one-shot 6, the trigger 10 overturns to the zero state, which leads to the opening of the key 7. The device is ready for the analysis of the next element. At the end of the pulse at the output of the one-shot 15, the prohibition element 14 is opened and the pulses from the output of the threshold of the element 8 (corresponding to the subsequent components) will trigger both of the pulse formers 9 and 13 of their pulses with their falling edges.

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Further operation of the device is guided during the registration of the maximum steepness of the leading edge of the first component, except that, along with blocks 9.4 and 5, similar blocks 13.11 and 12. are involved. The back edge of the pulse from the output of the one-shot 16 one-shot 6 returns to its original state (if the impulse at its output by this moment has not yet ended). The device is ready to analyze the next signal.

At the end of the measurement process, analyzer 5 contains the probability distribution of the maximum steepness of the leading edge of all, and analyzer 12

- only subsequent components of the studied signals.

The proposed device can be used in the study of electromagnetic signals generated by lightning. The slope of the leading edge of these signals at a distance to a discharge of over 10 km reflects the corresponding steepness of the lightning current pulses, the distribution of which is necessary for calculating lightning protection of various objects. In this case, for objects of great height, a distribution is required that corresponds only to subsequent components. Preliminary studies show that the median maximum value of the steepness of the leading edge for subsequent components is about 3 times greater than for the first components. . (

Thus, the proposed device makes it possible to significantly extend the functionality as compared with the known device, allowing to obtain simultaneously two probability distributions, one of which corresponds to all and the other only to the subsequent components of the signals under study. This in turn makes it possible to automate the process of measuring these distributions (in particular, when investigating disturbances of the electromagnetic field of the Earth caused by lightning discharges).

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for determining the probability distributions of the parameters of pulsed signals according to auth.s. and 1111183, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionalities capabilities by determining the probabilities of the maximum steepness of the leading edge of subsequent pulse signals, it contains the first and second additional one-oscillators, the prohibition element, the additional pulse shaper, the additional amplitude analyzer, and the additional amplitude-pulse modulator whose output is connected to the input of the ADDITIONAL amplitude analyzer, the information input is connected to the output of the second peak detector, and the amplitude control input Composer E.Sechina Ed. p V.Ivanov Tehred About "Gortvai Corrector A.T sko Order 4003/43 Circulation 671 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5. Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 46119. ft-pulse modulator is connected to the VSE: an ode of the additional pulse generator, the input of which is connected to the bar / soda of the prohibition element, the information input of which is connected to the output of the threshold element, the control input of the prohibition element is connected to the code of the first additional single-oscillator, the input of which is connected to the installation input of the one-shot vibrator 10 and is connected to the output of an additional one-shot vibrator whose input is connected to the output of the differentiation unit.