SU967347A1 - Machine for harvesting root-and-tuber crops - Google Patents

Description

(54) MACHINE FOR STRAWS CORNEPLODZJ

one

The invention relates to agricultural machine-building, in particular to machines for digging and cleaning of root crops, used, for example, in beet-harvesting technology.

Machines for digging and cleaning of root crops are known, including fork-shaped cops, made of rotary cone-shaped rollers, which result in fastening on an arc-shaped bracket. A rosette mounted above the copier is made in the form of a drum on a horizontal shaft. On forming the drum fixed horizontal axes, on which the rings are freely suspended. The scoops, rotating around the drum, have the ability to turn along them, thereby forming a double-sided, shingder-shaped, rooting surface. A receiving conveyor is installed at the back of the root intake. The root grabs with a multi-sided version are driven in rotation by a shaft with an ohm. When the aggregate moves, the fork-shaped cops slightly tilts the crusts forward in the direction of movement. The initial blows of the rings, due to their rounded shape, enhance the process, and the combined action of forks and rings contributes to the intensive cleaning of the back surface of the root heads from the associated tops.

Upon further movement of the machines, the KoJo Rhen restores its vertical position and the rings clean it from the front of the adhering soil l. The disadvantage of the machine is poor quality cleaning of the roots from the soil, especially from clay, swimming, heavy, and high viscosity, since the rings clean the roots from the front and rear parts and the remaining parts of the roots remain untreated.

2Q A machine for harvesting root vegetables is also known, including plowshares, cutting knives, cross-ripper, camber, lifting and transporting belts. circular knives and conveyor. When the machine is working, the podkapshayusha pala breaks the connection of the root crops with the soil, the haulm lifters lift the lodged tops and direct it to the lifting gear that captures the tops and feeds the roots to the head leveling mechanism, where they are equalized in height, and the tops are trimmed by the knife . Thereafter, the roots are fed to the conveyors, which are manually sorted and fed to the bins. Formed haulm yapravlenie in hopper 2. I. However, the root-harvesting machine cannot ensure the separation of floodplain, loamy soil with high viscosity from root crops, since, in addition to the digging paw, it does not have a mechanical or other destructive organ to affect the undermined soil layer containing root crops. This reduces the quality of cleaning root crops and the performance of the machine as a whole. The purpose of the invention is the intensive destruction of the floodplain, loamy, heavy, swimming, high-viscous soil layer and the cleaning of root crops from it. This goal is achieved by the fact that behind the transversal cultivator of the plowshare above the camber and under the transport-lifting belts on the cranks of the crank mechanisms are installed billes with rubberized spring-loaded fingers. In FIG. 1 shows a side view of a root harvesting machine; in fig. the same top view. The root harvesting machine consists of a frame 1, on which the cutting knives 2 and hinged-mounted tops 3 are attached. To the bottom of the cutting knives 2, the plowshare 4 is attached. On the ploughshare. 4, a transverse ripper 5 is installed in the form of a plate, behind which the camber 6 is reinforced. The grazing-transporting endless wedge-shaped belts 7 are dressed on tension 8, gland 9 and driving 1O pulleys. The bilings 11, on which horizontally rubberized spring pins 12 are installed, have in front of it parts of a slit that fit the fingers of the 13th crank mechanism 14. The cuts in the front part of the mechanism serve to compensate for the difference between the fingers and the movement of the fingers 13 and 15, crank The crank mechanisms 14 and 16 In the most part, the Beels 11 are worn on the alts 15 of the crank drive mechanism 16. The fingers 13 and 15 may be priced radially to change the amplitude of the oscillation of the beats. The knives 17 and conveyors 18 are mounted on the machine. The working parts of the root harvesting machine are driven from the synchronous power take-off shaft 19, the aggregating tractor to the editor 20, from which the sprocket 23 is transmitted through the sprocket 21 by the roller chain 22, the sprocket 23 rotates the shaft on which the crank mechanism 14 and the right sprocket 24 are mounted. The reducer 2O rotates the shaft through a pair of bevel gears, on which the crank-connecting rod mechanism 14 and the left sprocket 24 are spread. Roller chains 25 redaets stars from 24 sprockets 26, and along with them through the trees - a crank mechanism 16. The crank mechanism. 14 and 16 have fingers, respectively 13 and 15, which drive the billes 11 with spring-loaded rubberized fingers 12. Next, the roller chains 25, rounding the tensioning sprockets 27, cause the disk knives 17 to rotate through the sprockets 28, and 29 rotate the shafts 30 on which the driving pulleys 1O are mounted, driving the transport-lifting belts 7. The left shaft 30 rotates the sprocket 32 through the gearbox 31, from which the roller chain 33 rotates the sprocket 34 and spins the movement 18.. The machine for harvesting root crops works as follows. The ploughshare 4 and the cutting knives 2 are cut from underneath and from the sides, the layer of soil interchangeably. those with root crops, and the lifters 3 raise the tops and direct it to the stream of transporting belts 7. The cut soil layer, moving along the plowshare 4, falls on the transverse ripper 5 and, having crossed it, is destroyed in the transverse direction. The soil layer, having crossed the transverse cultivator 5, falls on the camber 6, which pushes it and throws it from the plowshare extension to the sides, producing a splitting of the soil from the bottom along the layer, freeing the base of the root crops from the soil. The upper part of the soil layer falls under the pressure of the rubberized fingers of the spring-12, which upholster and crush the soil from the root crops. Palii 12 affect the layer of soil from the sides at the same time. The fingers 12, along with the strips 11, make horizontal transverse but longitudinal movements. The dragging belts 7 clamp the tops of the root crops at the moment of the impact of the collapse 6 on the soil layer and hold the roots for the tops during the period of 10 soil exposure with rubberized spring fingers 12. Then the Turret transporting belts 7 bring the ground roots released from the soil to the disk knives that are cut tops. The roots separated from the tops of the tops are transported to the conveyor 18 and then transported to the container.

The use of the invention will allow the intensive destruction of floodplain, loamy, heavy, floating, high-viscosity soil formation and the cleaning of root crops from it.

Claims (2)

1. USSR author's certificate No. 6311О6, cl. A Oil) 25/04, 1977. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 1712О2, кп. And O1D 27 / OO, 1965. N "o