SU967301A1 - Method and apparatus for destroying haulm of rotor-and-tuber crops - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to agriculture and is intended for the destruction of undesirable vegetation, in particular for drying the tops of the roots and vegetables before harvesting.

The closest to the invention is a method according to which, using a special device, electric current is supplied to at least two plants. Electric current passes from one electrode to the second through the stem and roots of one plant, the soil and further through the roots and stem another plant 1.

When implementing the method, at least two plants are necessary, which are temporarily included in the electrical circuit of the processing device. The root system of root crops is damaged by an electric current passing through it, which leads to the rotting of the root crops. In addition, when current passes through the root system and the soil, electrical energy is released in them, which is associated with the need to install a high-power electric power source in units, high processing energy consumption and low unit efficiency.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the degree of damage to root crops by electric current and to reduce the cost of electrical energy.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the 5 tops of the tubers are divided into parts, and the electrodes are brought to the separated parts.

A device for carrying out the method is provided with a stem divider made of Q from a dielectric, and the electrodes are located on opposite sides of the divider.

Moreover, the divider and electrodes are made in the form of plates, the divider is located vertically, and the electrodes are horizontal, while the edges of the latter, facing the divider, are angled to it and have cutting teeth.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the implementation of the proposed method; in fig. 2 - the proposed device; in fig. 3 - 2Q process of damage to the tops with this device.

The device contains a source of electric current 1, electrodes 2 and 3 with pointed ribs, divider 4, sliding copiers 5. The divider is made of dielectric thermo- and fire-resistant material, for example, of a textolite. The height of the divider is greater than the height of the tops, and the length is greater than two heights of the tops, Sliding copiers 5 are made of a material that is similar in properties to the material of which the divider is made. This is done to ensure complete isolation of the parts of the haulm separated from each other and the creation of only one closed electrical circuit through the base of the root system. In order to eliminate the contact between the leaves of the tops and the soil surface, the electrodes have a reduced height in the direction of movement.

The process of destruction of the tops is as follows.

The maximum current load of the source of electrical energy by the proposed device is determined by calculation. For this, the minimum resistance between the electrodes is measured at the time of the cutting of the stems by the pointed edges of the electrodes, either constant or alternating (depending on which current is used for the treatment). The magnitude of the maximum current is determined by the known formulas. If the treatment is carried out by a pulse current, then the resistance between the electrodes to the pulse current is predetermined. For practical calculations, the electrical resistivity of the stem tissue (p) Ω m can be taken.

In the Processing process, the aggregate consisting of a tractor, a generator, a generator driven from the tractor's power take-off shaft, a step-up transformer (these objects are not shown), and a divider 4 with electrodes 2 and 3 are moved across the field, moreover, with the condition that must be moved along the center of the row of the crop (fig. Za). The divider 4 separates part of the stalks of the tops from its entirety (figure 36), i.e., divides it into two parts. At the moment of contact of the electrodes 2 and 3, angled to the divider with the angle of capture, with the parts of the tops separated from each other, from electrode 2 to electrode 3 through the stems, the base of the root and the stems flow an electric current, which damages the tops (FIG. 3 c). The special shape of the electrodes, the front part of which, in the direction of motion, is made with decreasing height, picks up the stem of the tops strongly tilted to the soil surface and lifts them (Fig. 3d), thereby eliminating the contact of the leaves of the tops with the soil surface and eliminating the passage of electric current through soil and root crops. Simultaneously with the rise of the stems, the electrodes angled to the divider increase the pressure on

plant tissue, and pointed ribs cut stems. As a result, electrical contact with plant tissues is improved, resistance between electrodes is reduced, and the degree of damage to the tops increases. When pruning, part of the tops can be cut off.

Cut off the green tops can be used as animal feed, and the tops damaged by electrical current and left standing on the vine dry up for two weeks. After a two-week period, the roots can be removed.

Using the proposed method of destroying the tops of the roots of an electric current using the proposed device ensures a reduction in the cost of electrical energy for damage to the tops and, accordingly, an increase in the efficiency of the device. When processing the proposed device does not damage the internal structure of the roots.

Claims (3)

1. The method of destroying the tops of root crops by electric current by supplying potential relative to each other electrodes to the leaves, characterized in that, in order to reduce the degree of damage to the root crops by electric current and reduce the cost of electrical energy, the roots of the root crop are divided into parts, and the leading of electrodes is carried out to the separated parts of m 2. A device for the destruction of tops by electric current, containing a source of electrical energy and potential electrodes relative to the soil and each other, characterized in that, in order to reduce the degree of damage to the roots and tubers by electric current and to reduce the cost of electrical energy, the device is equipped with a dielectric divider, and the electrodes are located on opposite sides of the divider. 3. The device according to claim 2 is characterized in that the divider and electrodes are molded into plates, the divider being located vertically and the electrodes horizontally, while the edges of the latter facing the divider are angled to it and have cutting teeth. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Spirin A. A. High-voltage electrical impulses in the problem of dealing with Sorn. Author. dis. for the degree of Dr. Tech. Sciences, Baku, 1953, p. 17