SU954746A1 - Dryer for agricultural products - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to agriculture. agricultural machinery and can be used for drying and preplant air-heat treatment of seeds of agricultural crops, mainly cereals and grain. Bovy.

Dryers for agricultural products are known that contain parallel chambers and an air distribution manifold placed in a common housing, between them, the chambers are divided into sections by means of mesh boxes, and the collector has two parallel branches with a common valve distribution box l.

This dryer provides a sufficiently high quality of drying, but requires high energy costs.

Also known is a dryer comprising a heat generator with a fan and a drying chamber with a sloped c0 bottom plate and side vertical walls. Moreover, the inclined mesh. the bottom can be made single or dual. Under the bottom P | 13 is located the air distribution box connected to the heat generator. Between the lower part of the bottom and the side wall, there are flaps for issuing the dried seeds to a horizontal discharge chute, in which

10 installed belt conveyor. A scraper conveyor with a lower working branch or a belt conveyor with a discharge car is used to load the seeds into the drying chamber,

15 located above the drying chamber along the bottom ridge, as well as dump trucks from the overpass at the single mesh bottom 2j.

However, the dryer is not known

20 results in uniform drying of seeds and their cooling after drying, as a result of which the quality of seeds deteriorates. Irregularity of drying arises due to the stagnant zone located in the upper part of the drying chamber near the dampers, where the seed layer is not blown through, as well as due to the drying of the layers at the mesh bottom, especially in the upper part, and the lack of drying of the outer layers. When organizing the blowing of dried seeds with cold air, in order to cool it, the productivity of the dryer drops. In addition, unloading seeds from the drying chamber requires a lot of manual labor. Having a discharge conveyor belt also requires additional costs.

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the dryer for agricultural products, there is a chamber with an inclined mesh bottom, under which is placed the air distribution box connected to the source of forced air, and adjacent to the bottom with at least one second. form of air chute connected to a source of air forcing through an autonomous pipe and having control flaps from opposite ends. ,

Figure 1 shows the proposed dryer in the plan; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1 (dryer with dvuhskatny mesh bottom, and the boot conveyor and the alignment boards are not shown).

The dryer contains a heat generator 1, a fan 2, a drying chamber 3 formed by side k and end

5 walls and days 6. 6. Under the bottom

6placed air distribution duct 7 connected to the heat generator 1 through pipeline 8

with damper. The bottom 6 on both sides of the adjacent discharge chutes in the form of channeled 10, connected to the heat generator through the Autonomous pipe 11 and having opposite ends of the regulating valve 12, 13 and 14,15; Cannula 10 provided with porous partitions 16.

The dryer works as follows.

After loading the drying chamber 3 using known mechanisms as a result of the inclination of the mesh bottom 6, equal to the angle of repose

loosely, the last evenly lies on the mesh bottom 6 and porous partition 16 of the air duct 10. When the fan 2 and the heat generator 1 are turned on, the warm air flows through the air. The pipe 8, when the valve 9 is open, is injected into the air distribution duct 7) passes through the mesh bottom 6 and the seed layer, and through the pipes 11 with the valves 12 open and It enters the channel 10, passes through the porous partitions 16 and dries the lower corner layers of the seeds . Thus, all the layers of seeds in the drying chamber 3 are uniformly blown with warm air and they are uniformly dried. In addition, the dampers and Ik make an additional adjustment of the uniformity of drying of seeds by changing the quantity of the heat transfer medium in these or other zones.

After reaching 17-18% of the upper layer humidity; x) the seed heat generator 1 is turned off, the flap 9 is closed and the flaps 13 and 15 are opened. At the same time, they are intensively blown with cold air (heat generator 1 is turned off) and mixed, resulting in cooling and drying. Thus, when the drying chamber 3 is unloaded in the channels 10, the seeds are dried, cooled, and the moisture level is evened out.

The performance of the airwell 10 is controlled by the flaps 13 and 15 and the amount of air blown by the fan 2, which varies depending on the magnitude of the opening of the flaps 12 and} k. Depending on the characteristics of the fan 2 and the performance of the seed after-treatment machines, it is possible both to operate both of the chanels and consistently when separate seeds are unloaded from one or another half of the drying chamber 3.

Airguns with porous partitions, in particular, from a scaly sieve, are easy to maintain and operate, and their power supply from the heat generator fan eliminates the additional installation of electrical equipment, as a result of which

Claims (1)

The claims of the cost of drying the seeds. And since the seeds do not dry out to a conditioned humidity (drying takes place during the unloading process), the total energy consumption is reduced and the productivity of the dryer increases. Therefore, the slanted bottom dryer, equipped with air ducts connected to the fan of the heat generator, provides an increase in the quality of seed drying while reducing the cost of manufacturing and maintaining the dryer itself. Depending on the specific conditions, it is possible to assemble the proposed dryers in blocks with one or more heat generators and fans. Drying chambers can be made of metal, wood or other materials. Electric heaters of the SFOA type, water or steam heaters, as well as air heaters of the type VPT-600A, TG, TAU, etc., can be used as a heat generator. When using air heaters such as VPT, equipment A dryer for agricultural products, containing a chamber with a · 10 inclined mesh bottom, under which there is an air distribution box connected to a source of forced air, and an unloading chute adjacent to the bottom of at least one side, characterized in that, for the purpose of to increase profitability, estrus is made in the form of an air duct connected to a source of pumped air · 20 spirit by means of an autonomous branch pipe and having control flaps from opposite ends.