SU940676A1 - Pneumatic sowing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

(54) PNEUMATIC SEEDING DEVICE

one

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery engineering.

A pneumatic ejection device is known, which contains a seed hopper, a housing with windows in the seed ejection zone and a disk-type seeding element adjacent to its annular surface rotatably mounted with end surface cells, an air injection system with a pneumatic conduit and blown nozzles, communicating with the windows of the housing 1.

However, this apparatus does not allow for an increase in productivity due to the installation of several nozzles, as well as an increase in the rotation speed of the sowing element without degrading the dosing quality.

To this end, in a pneumatic seeding machine, including a seed hopper, a housing with windows in the seed ejection and a disk-type seeding element mounted to the annular surface, which can be rotated and having wells on the end surface, an air injection system with pneumatic conductor and blown nozzles communicating with the housing windows, the axis of rotation of the sowing element is located vertically, the pneumatic conduit is annular, and the nozzles are placed along its perimeter, while the sowing element is provided with a tray and for directing it to the seed cell. 5 In FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic metering device, a vertical section; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. 1. The pneumatic apparatus contains a booker I for seeds and a stationary body 2 with windows 3 in the seed ejection zone, to the annular surface of which there is an adjacent plate-type seed element 4 with a vertical axis of rotation, equipped with cells 5 on its face surface.

The casing 2 has an annular pneumatic line b (receiver) connected to an air supply source (not shown) and having exits to the hopper 1 through channels 7, into the internal cavity 8 of the apparatus through holes through the channels of the inlet nozzles 9 and (Sem wires 10 through holes eleven.

25 Before each window 3, trays 12 are fixedly mounted, which are made with a bias in the direction opposite to the rotation of the sowing element 4 in such a way that their lower parts 13

30 adjacent to the bottom of the metering unit

4, and the upper parts are located at the level of the cells 5.

The blown nozzles 9 are located along the circumference of the annular pneumatic line 6 behind the trays 12 and are directed at angles to the plane of rotation of the seed element 4.

To adjust the seed loader, an adjustable ring 14 is installed at the bottom of the sowing element 4 between the bottom and the lower part of the hopper 1.

The metering element 4 pushes against the housing 1 15 and is driven by the shaft 16.

Pneumatic sowing agaparat works as follows. Air from the source of injection through the pipe 17 is supplied to the housing 2 and is injected into the annular pneumatic line 6, from which through the holes and blowing nozzles 9 enters the cavity 8 of the sowing apparatus, through the channels 7 into the hollow (bunker I and through the holes 11 - sem wires 10. These | m provide the necessary excess air bleeding inside the seeding unit, its balancing with the air pressure in the bunker 1 and a certain air flow in these wires 10.

The seeds from the bunker | a 1 are filled with an omelet and due to the forces of friction during rotation of the sowing element 4 fill its lower part. The level itself, depending on the size of the properties, is set by a movable adjustable ring 14 so that it is always below the cell location plane 5. A part of the seeds moving together with the sowing element 4 accumulates Hia tray 12 in part 13 and due to the backpressure forces the seed, centrifugal forces and the friction force on the top of the sowing element 4 rises through the trays 12 to the level of the cells 5. In mo) The ment of the contact of the cells 5 with the seeds under the action of excessive air pressure in the cavity 8 of the sowing element 4 and centrifugal forces the seeds fill the cells 5. Before the nozzles 9, where the upper part of the trays 12 ends, all the seeds from the trays 12 (I excess seeds from the cells 5 under the force of gravity and the air flow from the nozzles 9 are again dropped to the bottom of the seed element 4. Cells 5 with seeds held at the expense of overpressure, are moved to windows 3 and open, the seeds are air flowed: through windows 3 wires are thrown into the semen 10. Further transportation of the seeds in the semen wires 10 is effected; from cavity 8 through windows 3 and more of the air flow from the annular pneumatic line 6 through the holes 1.1, adjusted IB according to the parameters of each seven wires.

The same pressure 1bout | spirit in the bunker 1 and cavity 8 eliminates the pneumatic support of the seeds coming from the bunker 1 to the sowing element 4, and the much lower pressure in the seven wires 10 ensures reliable ejection of seeds from the cells 5 (through the windows 3 to this seven wires 10 and their transportation to the coulters. The hermeticity of the sowing unit is ensured (by pressing the sowing element 4 against the body 2 by the spring 15.

With a uniform rotation of the drive shaft 16, the sowing element 4 carries out precise single-grain sowing of seeds into each seven wires, separate. The use of the apparatus will provide a centralized single-grain dosage of seeds at higher speeds, l when using it on sowing aggregates, the 1M will decrease: the intensity of the latter.

Claims (1)

1. The patent of France No. 2220123, cl. L 01 S 7/04, published. 1974 (prototype).