SU1519548A1 - Pneumatic sowing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, to sowing machines for precision seed sowing. The metering device contains a seed tank 1, a housing with a seed chamber, a vacuum chamber 4, a seed disc 7, an overlay 8 and a gasket between them. The disk 7 has through holes, and the overlay 8 is open cells extending to the periphery 11. Scraper 13 is installed in the lower part of the apparatus. Cell bases 11 are made as part of a cylindrical surface with a diameter equal to the diameter of the through holes of the disk From the center of the disk, 7 points of its through holes are greater than the radius of the circle where the points of the cell least located from the center of the lining are by 0.7 ... 0.75 of the diameter of the through holes. The seeds from the tank 1 enter the seed chamber and are sucked in the cells 11 of the disk 7. When the disk 7 rotates, the seeds are transported outside the chamber vacuum 2, where under the action of their own weight they fall out into the vomer. Due to the selected ratios of cell sizes and through holes of the disk, the quality of seeding is improved and the unproductive air consumption is reduced. 5 il.

Description

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Inbreeding refers to agricultural machinery industry and can be used in crops for precise sowing of beet, sorghum, soybean and other agricultural crops.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of seeding and reduce non-productive air flow.

FIG. 1 shows the device, side view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 section B-B in FIG. one; in fig. 4 cell linings, top view;

in fig. 5 same, radial section.

A central seeding unit contains a seed tank 1, body 2 with ccMCHHoii chamber 3, chamber 4 vacuum with iiopei orce 5, crow 6 seeds, iu, ii, 4 i,; iK) tnHii disk 7, pad 8 and gasket - to 9 between them. The disk 7 has a through-H (and the hole 10 and is adjacent to the BaKvvMa 4 chamber. The pad 8 has open, widening to the periphery () lines of cell 11 at its periphery. (The openings 10 with con I and rum cells form elliptical suction holes 12. In the lower part of the apparatus, there is a chistik 13, and at the output of the naKyyMHii chamber, a throttle valve 14 is installed in the outlet of the nozzle.

The base of each of the cells E) is also made as a part of pi, a tindrical surface with a diameter equal to the diameter of the cross-section (x) of K) dns. G.- | kill} | a of cells 1 1 1 is also equal to the diameter of SLE () zn) 1x opening (10. 1 adius of the circle of placement of nanopole yes. 1 of the cIi.uibi.x holes of the center of the disk larger than the radius of the circle pa displacing the cell base points furthest from the nozzle center by 0.7 0.75 diameters of through holes 10. With a dis. to 7, an overlay S and a gasket I with (with each other so that the projections of through cuts on the corresponding vacuum openings form inside the contour of each you) suction hole 12 optimal pl (.) П1адн.

The sowing machine operates as follows.

(The flow from the seed tank 1 is fed into the seed chamber 3, where the rotor is set in motion. Resolution is brought to the left and right cavities of the vacuum chamber separated by an irregular, i. As a result, the vacuum is applied to elliptical suction openings 12 and the seeds are seized by the cells 11. The latter, with the sucked HbiMH seeds, move to the right

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the cavity of the vacuum chamber 4, where the vacuum is reduced by the throttle 14 to the value at which the seeds are self-separating into the seed chamber 3. The seeds remaining one in each cell continue to move until the cells 11 exit the limits of the chamber vacuum. Here the seeds under the action of their weight fall out of the cells in the vomer along the same path. The unloaded cells continue to move until they meet with Chistik 13, which clears the elliptical suction holes 12 and the circular gap from weeds. Then the cells II with suction holes 12 re-enter the seed chamber 3, and the process is repeated many times.

Reliability and uninterrupted sowing of seeds is ensured by varying the vacuum in the cavities of the vacuum chamber, the depth of the Hoi cells 1 1 and the corresponding area of the suction hole 12.

The unloading of excess and basic seeds by self-dropping them, respectively, into the seed chamber 3 and the centurion eliminates the injury to the seeds and improves the uniformity of seeding. Reducing the operating vacuum and total flotation of the shielded parts of the vacuum holes reduce the unproductive air flow through the gap.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A pneumatic sowing unit containing a seed and a vacuum chamber, a sowing disc mounted on a horizontal axis with circumferentially perforated holes, a gasket and an overlay with open cells along the periphery of the interchangeable chamber on the side of the exchangeable chamber, the base of which is made as part of a cylindrical surface, a plate scraper, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of seeding and reduce unproductive air flow, the diameter the diameter of the base of the cell and its depth are made equal to the diameter of the through holes of the disk, while the radius of the circle connecting the points of the through holes the most distant from the center of the disk, is larger than the radius of the circle connecting the points of the first cells least distant from the center of the pad the value of 0.7-0.75 diameter of the holes of the disk. 77 W 8 / / / FIG. FIG. five