SU934978A1 - Rotation-cam cutting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

(54) ROTARY-FINGER CUTTING MACHINE

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The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in rotary cutting machines used for stem-stalked plants.

A rotary cutting apparatus is known, which includes a disk and knives hinged on it. The basis of his work is the principle of an irrepressible cut of plants. To implement this principle, large peripheral velocities are needed. At such speeds, there are significant overhead costs of energy to overcome the aero resistance and friction forces, and the parts of the drive 1 wear out intensively.

A rotary-finger cutting machine for harvesting machines for agricultural plants is known, which contains a disk with knives, and underneath it are pivot fingers, whose longitudinal axes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cutting apparatus 2.

However, this cutting apparatus has a cutting height that is not constant in width, which increases from the middle to the edges. This is because the way that the knife is

extends from the cutting edge of one finger to the cutting edge of the next finger, increases as it moves away from the longitudinal axis of the cutting unit, and hence the limb of the plants increases, as a result, yield losses increase.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the loss of harvested culture.

This goal is achieved by reducing the pitch of the fingers from the longitudinal axis to the edges of the cutting apparatus, while

10 fingers have different base widths, which are reduced in proportion to the pitch of the fingers.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed cutting apparatus, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, 15 is a top view.

The rotary-finger cutting unit consists of a disk 1 fixed with its center on the upper end of the shaft 2. The shaft is mounted on bearings 3. The housing 4 of bearings 3 is fixed on the beam 5, in

20 which the drive gear 6 interferes with, is planted on the lower end of the shaft 2. The knife 7 is pivotally connected to the peripheral part of the disk 1 by means of an axis 8. The four existing blades are evenly distributed around the disk 1 circle. Under the blade disk, a finger disk 9 is fixed to the top of the beam. , in front of which are the shear fingers 10. The longitudinal axes of the 11 fingers are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the 12 cutting apparatus. The pitch of the fingers — the shortest distance between the longitudinal axes of the 11 adjacent fingers — decreases from the longitudinal axis 12 to the edges of the cutting apparatus. The width of the base of the fingers is proportionally reduced. The tops of the fingers 10 do not protrude beyond the trajectory of the outer ends of the knives 7. The length of all the fingers along the longitudinal axis I is the same and should not be less than the supply of the stems to the knife. The shape of the fingers are triangular. The rear part of the finger disc 9 is round, and the center of its radius coincides with the center of the disc 1. On the sides, the finger disc 9 has sections. Knives 7 are made with the lower notch. During operation, disc 1 with knives 7 pivotally suspended on axles 8 is driven into rotation 1. Gear 6 through shaft 2, which is mounted on bearings 3 in housing 4 mounted on bar 5. When rotating the disc, the knives take radial position under the action of centrifugal forces. While moving forward, the cutting apparatus enters with its fingers 11 into the herbage. Due to the fact that the longitudinal axes of the fingers 11 are parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 and the direction of translational motion, as well as the thickness of the base of the fingers decreases as the distance from the middle to the edges of the finger disc 9, the cutting apparate easily penetrates into the vegetable mass over the entire width of the grip. Knife 7, thrust over the gaps between the fingers, bends the plants until the plants abut the edge of the subsequent shearing finger, and cuts them. Due to a change in the angle of pinching, the knife does not allow knife cutting out of the plant from the solution of the knife – finger pair.

2. Patent of France No. 2250261, cl. A 01 D 35/26, 1975. After cutting, the plants fall onto disk 1, which is removed from the working area. Due to the fact that the tops of the fingers do not extend beyond the ends of the knives, the likelihood of clogging of the cutting unit by the plant mass is reduced. The finger disc 9, with its outer edge, also does not protrude beyond the outer ends of the knives and serves to impart stability to the movement of the knife. The side sections of the disk 9 allow several cutting apparatus to be joined in a row during joint operation. With Bctpe4e with an obstacle, the knives 7 are deflected, turning around the axes 8, then again occupy the working radial position. Due to such a cutting apparatus, the limb of the plants during cutting as they move away from the longitudinal axis of the cutting apparatus remains constant, and therefore the height of the cut of plants does not increase from the middle to the edge of the cutting apparatus. This makes it possible to reduce yield losses when mowing plants with a rotary finger machine.

Claims (1)

 Claims of the invention: A rotary-finger cutting unit comprising a blade with knives, underneath the prying fingers, the longitudinal axes of which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cutting apparatus, characterized in that, in order to reduce losses of the harvested crop, the finger pinch is reduced from the longitudinal axis to the edges of the cutting apparatus, with the fingers having different base widths, which decreases in proportion to the pitch of the fingers. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. US Patent No. 3320732, cl. 56-295, 1965.