SU927168A1 - Filter for cleaning waste water from oil - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to wastewater treatment devices and can be used in the treatment of wastewater from petroleum products.

A device for cleaning waste water is known, consisting of a housing and a porous filtering material placed inside the housing in an elastic sheath. The removal of oils from the filter material as they accumulate is carried out by Q supplying water or air under pressure into the space between the body and the elastic sheath 1.

The filter of this design does not provide a continuous filtering process, it requires manual labor, energy supply from the outside.

A filter for cleaning waste water from oils is known, consisting of a housing, an elastic filtering material enclosed between the upper movable and lower 20 fixed grilles, and a float-funnel with a pipeline for draining the oils and a valve with an abutting brush. The filter provides water purification in self-flowing wastewater treatment systems in an automatic

mode, i.e. with minimal use of manual labor 2.

The disadvantages of this filter. are the difficulty of manufacturing, installing and replacing the filter material due to the location of almost all the assemblies and parts in the filter housing. The possibility of oil getting into the filtered water of the regeneration of the filtering material, since during its compression a part of the retained oil passes through the lower grate, moreover, this known filter cannot operate under overpressure.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify installation and maintenance, an additional objective is to ensure the operation of the filter under overpressure.

Claims (2)

The goal is achieved in that the filter for cleaning waste water from oils, comprising a housing, an elastic filtering material enclosed between movable and fixed perforated partitions, and a pipeline for draining oils, is provided with means for blocking the openings in the fixed partition and the pallet mounted under the fixed partition with the possibility of reciprocating movement and connected to a movable partition, wherein the pipeline for draining oils is connected to the pallet. It is advisable that the means for blocking the holes in the fixed partition occur in the form of an additional perforated partition installed above the latter with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the vertical plane of the additional perforated partition, the holes in which are located above the gaps between the holes in the fixed partition; the pipeline for the discharge of oils to supply an automatic bypass valve. FIG. 1 shows a filter in a water filtration mode; in fig. 2 - the same, during the regeneration of the filter material. The filter consists of a housing 1 in which an elastic filtering material 2 is placed, which is enclosed between the movable grid 3 and the fixed grid 4. The fixed grid 4 can be made in the form of louvers or equipped with an additional moving grid 5. The opening in the fixed grid 4 and the moving grid 5 does not coincide and when these lattices are closed, an impenetrable partition is formed. The filter also has a nozzle 6 for introducing water for purification, a nozzle 7 for draining the filtrate, and a pipeline 8 for draining pressed oils. When using a filter in pressure systems in a pipeline 8, an automatic valve 9 is installed, which opens at a given pressure in the filter housing. A ha 10 is attached to the movable lattice, having a stop 11 at the calculated elevation, which interacts with an additional lattice 5. On the 10 donor a movable pallet 12 is suspended, and the ha is sealed by an epiploon 13. The movable pallet is an open vessel of a given volume. At the bottom of the pallet there is a drain outlet 14 with a crane 15 equipped with a lever 16. The position of the crank is changed by the bottom of the drainage tray 17 and a seal 18. The position of the pallet relative to the filter housing is balanced by counterparts 19 connected to the pallet by flexible rods 20 through the rollers 21. A possible design filter with a horizontal housing 1. In this case, the pull 10 is flexible and is connected to the pallet through a block (not shown). The filter works as follows. The waste water entering the purification through the pipe 6 passes through the filter material 2, is cleared of oil and discharged from the filter housing 1 through the pipe 7. As the oil accumulates in the filter material, the hydraulic resistance of the filter increases. At the same time, in the filter housing above the movable grate 3, the water level starts to rise (when the filter is operated in gravity-fed systems) or the pressure increases (when working in pressure systems). After the water level reaches the upper mark of the pipeline 8 or after reaching the pressure in the upper part of the filter housing above the design pressure of the valve 9, the water begins to overflow through the pipeline 8 into the moving sump 12. Under the effect of the increasing volume of water, the sump starts to lower and through the pull 10 and the grate 3 compress the filter material 2. At the same time, the holes in the fixed grating 4 are blocked due to the lowering of the additional grating 5 and the supply of liquid to the lower part of the filter is stopped. The downward movement of the sump and compression of the filter material is accompanied by the extrusion of trapped oils and their flow through conduit 8 into the sump. Subsequently, the valve 15 is opened by the lever 16, the oils from the pallet through the drain pipe 14 flow into the drain tray 17 and are discharged for recycling. Under the action of counterweights 19 and the elastic properties of the filter material, the pallet returns to its upper position, the holes in the fixed grid 4 are opened, the valve 15 is closed by the stop 18 and the filter cycle is repeated in the sequence described. The location of most of the components and parts of the filter outside the enclosure simplifies installation, repair and adjustment of the structure, facilitates loading and unloading of filter material, reduces the size of the enclosure, reduces corrosive losses when cleaning aggressive wastewater. The proposed node for the regeneration of contaminants (pallet, rod, counter-load) provides any desired intensity of release of the filter material. In addition, in the presence of hooks on the movable grid, the design allows the use of filter material of low elasticity (mineral fibers, wood chips, straw, etc.). The filter can be used in a wide pressure range in wastewater treatment systems. In hydrostatic pressure cleaning systems, the structure does not contain a valve 9, and if it is necessary to maintain a predetermined pressure of purified water (in nozzle 7), an automatic bypass (for example, spring) valve in pipeline 8 provides the necessary filtering mode. Claims 1. A filter for cleaning waste water from oils, comprising a housing, an elastic filter material enclosed between a movable and fixed perforation.