SU912211A1 - Radial filter for cleaning liquid - Google Patents

Description

(5) RADIAL FILTER FOR CLEANING LIQUIDS

I

The invention relates to liquid filters and contact clarifiers, primarily designed to purify natural and waste waters from suspended contaminants and oil products, as well as to clarify the cooling water of circulating systems in any industry.

A fluid and bone cleaning filter is known, comprising a housing divided by continuous mesh partitions into vertical chambers for the initial fluid and filtrate, a granular charge in the space between the chambers, a device for collecting and draining leaching water arranged above the loading surface, and supplying and draining connecting pipes 11

The disadvantages of this filter are the unreliability of operation and the complexity of operation due to the frequent clogging of the mesh partitions and the lack of access to them for cleaning.

A filter for cleaning liquids is also known, comprising a housing divided by partitions into vertical chambers for the source liquid and filtrate, a granular charge in the space between the chambers, a pipe for supplying wash water attached to the filtrate chamber, a device for collecting and draining water arranged above the surface granular load, and nozzles for supplying the source fluid and draining the filtrate C21.

The disadvantages of the known filter are the low quality of the regeneration of the granular load, insufficient reliability of operation and complexity of operation, due to the supply of wash water only in the filtrate chamber and the lack of access to the partitions for cleaning and preventive maintenance without removing the granular load. Closest to the invention is a radial filter, a housing with a conical bottom and inlets and a drainage nozzle for a louvered grille and a water-permeable partition dividing the housing into vertical chambers appropriate for the original liquid and collecting the filtrate, and a granular filter between the chambers loading In such a filter, under normal operating conditions, the possibility of clogging of the septum from the chamber side of the initial liquid is excluded by making it in the form of a louvered grille and reaching TC is sufficiently accurate quality of regeneration of the filtering filter granule when washing due to the device of a conical bottom that promotes its mixing in the upward movement of the SPZ washing water. The disadvantage of the filter is the exploitation due to frequent clogging of the water-permeable partition, made of mesh, from the chamber for collecting the filtrate and lack of access to it, as well as to the louvre grill for cleaning and preventive maintenance without removing the granular load. In addition, in the specified radial filter, there is an uneven filtration rate of the initial fluid along the height of the granular load and the penetration of the latter into the chamber for the initial fluid due to the vertical placement of the permeable firing and the louvre grille and the making of its plates from a solid material. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the operation of the filter and increase its reliability. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a radial filter for cleaning liquids, containing a casing with a conical bottom and inlet and outlet pipes, a louver grille and a water-permeable barrier dividing the housing into vertical chambers, respectively, for the initial liquid and collecting filtrate, and placed between the chambers of the granular filter loading, louvre grille and permeable wall are inclined to the axis of the housing, permeable permeable 14 ka equipped with drain caps, and the means for fixing the latter is placed in the chamber for collecting the filtrate. Plates louvered grille, it is advisable to make of solid, mesh or perforated material. FIG. 1 shows a filter in filtering mode, vertical section; in fig. 2 - the same, in the regeneration mode. A radial filter for cleaning liquids consists of a housing 1 divided by a partition 2 and a partition 3 into the chamber t for the source liquid and the chamber 5 for collecting the filtrate. In the space between the partitions is placed a granular filtering load 6. The partitions are made inclined to the axis of the body and the bottom ends are attached to its conical bottom 7. The angle of the taper of the bottom is more than 30. The dividing wall 2, adjacent to the chamber of the initial liquid, has the form of a louvered grill consisting of plates 8. It is provided that these plates are vertically or inclined and made of solid, mesh and perforated material. Bulkhead 2 is a retaining wall for the granular feed forming a lateral filtration surface therein. With its upper end, this partition is connected to the overlap 9 located above the chamber 4 for the initial liquid and on the same level with the surface 10 of the granular load. In the partition 3 adjacent to the chamber 5 for collecting the filtrate, drain caps 11 are arranged, removable from the inner cavity of this chamber. For this purpose, for example, VTI caps inserted into the granular charge through the openings in the partition 3 can be used. As a means for attaching the caps to the partition placed in the chamber for collecting filtrate, any device can be used that provides for easy removal of caps with sufficient density. the connection in order to avoid granules of granular loading in the chamber of the filtrate, for example nut-POT, threaded connection, pinching, etc. A hollow duct 12 is arranged in the ceiling 9, in which a device 13 is placed for collecting and draining the washing water. The lower combination I of this box is open and placed in a granular load, and the upper section is provided with an overlap of 15 with a hatch 16 and a plunger 17. Hollow box 12 has a larger cross section than the filter chamber in its upper part and in its walls below the place connections with overlap, air outlets 18 are arranged. The chamber i for the source fluid is provided with inspection hatches 19 placed in the ceiling 9, and a distribution channel 20 with a perforated partition 21 placed in the lower part of the chamber. A pipeline 22 for supplying the source liquid and a pipeline 23 for supplying washing water and air for loosening the load are docked to the distribution channel. The distribution channel 20 is connected to a hollow duct 12 bypass pipes 2k. The filtrate collection chamber 5 is closed at the top and provided with an inspection hatch 25. Pipe 26 and pipeline 27 are connected to it, respectively, for draining the filtrate and supplying wash water with air to loosen the charge and pipe 28 to discharge residual air. The filter is equipped with a pipeline 29 for discharging the washing water, a pipeline 30 for emptying the structure, a hatch 31 for unloading the granular load and the required amount of shut-off and control and test fittings. The fluid filter operates as follows. The initial fluid, pre-mixed with or without coagulum, is fed through conduit 22 into distribution channel 20, with the help of which it is evenly distributed over the cross section of chamber C, whereby the air from the structure displaces c through holes 18, pipe 28 and plunger 17. When the filter is operated at atmospheric pressure, the hatch 16 is left open. From the chamber, the liquid enters directly into the granular load 6 through the openings between the plates 8 and partially through the astinas when performing x from the mesh or perforated material and horizontal flow is iltrated towards the chamber 5. Having reached the partitions 3, the clarified liquid enters the drainage caps 11 and through them enter chamber 5, from which pipeline 26 leads to the consumer. In the filtering process, suspended particles and other contaminants of the source fluid are retained in the granular charge and gradually become contaminated. As a result, the filtration rate decreases and the pressure loss on the filter increases. The filter is washed when a pressure loss or concentration of contaminants in the filtrate of a given limit value is reached as follows. Stops the flow of the source fluid and the removal of the filtrate and open the valves on the overflow pipes 2k. Through these pipes, due to the overpressure in chamber k, the liquid with residual contaminants from the distribution channel 20 rushes into the hollow duct 12. Then the valves on the bypass tubes 2k close and feed the clarified washing water or water / air mixture into the chamber k of the initial fluid and filtrate chamber 5, respectively, through pipelines 23 and 27. Of these chambers, water flows through partitions 2 and 3 into granular charge 6 and with two ascending streams rises up to the hollow duct 12. In this case, there is an intensity Noah backwashing and expansion download that provides efficient washing it from contaminants. The used wash water with contaminants enters the collection device 13 and is led through the pipeline 29 to the head of the treatment plant or is discharged into the sewage system. Preventive inspection of the state of the internal filter elements is carried out through the hatches 16, 19 and 25, emptying through the pipeline 30, and the filter material is unloaded through the hatch 31. The use of the proposed radial filter for cleaning liquids provides the following advantages compared to the known: and preventive maintenance of drainage caps and

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a louvered grill without removing the granular filter loading by placing means for securing caps in the chamber for collecting the filtrate and the device of this chamber, as well as the chamber for the initial liquid passing through; uniform distribution of the filtration rate over the height of the granular load due to making the louvered grille and permeable partition inclined to the axis of the body and thereby changing the filtering path of the fluid in the load and the number of drainage caps proportional to the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the filter; increasing the filtering surface and eliminating the possibility of grains of granular loading in the chamber for the initial liquid due to the installation of an inclined louvre grating, placing the plates of this grating vertically (without excluding the possibility of placing an angle) and making them from solid, mesh or perforated material; the possibility of efficient regeneration of the granular filter loading during washing by connecting the nozzles for supplying wash water to the chamber for collecting the filtrate and the chamber for the source liquid. This provides simplified filter operation and increased reliability.

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Claims (2)

Claim 1. A radial filter for cleaning liquids, comprising a housing with a conical bottom and inlet and outlet nozzles, a louver grille and a water-permeable partition dividing the housing into vertical chambers, respectively, for the initial liquid and collecting the filtrate, and a granular filter charge placed between the chambers, characterized by that, in order to simplify the operation of the filter, the louvre grille and the water-permeable partition are inclined to the housing axis, the water-permeable partition is provided with drainage caps , Wherein the means for securing poslbednih taken in the collecting chamber for the filtrate. 2. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the louvre grill plates are made of continuous mesh or perforated material. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Kl chko-V.A., and Apeltsin I.E. Purification of natural waters. M., 1971, p. 230. 2. Authors certificate of the USSR W 552306, cl. C 02 C 1/26, 1975. 2. USSR author's certificate tf 50581, cl. B 01 O 25/10, 1973.