SU922585A1

SU922585A1 - Method of evaluation of lubricant tribological properties

Info

Publication number: SU922585A1
Application number: SU792766226A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Николай Тимофеевич Минченя; Петр Александрович Удовидчик; Юрий Васильевич Скорынин
Original assignee: Институт проблем надежности и долговечности машин АН БССР
Priority date: 1979-05-07
Filing date: 1979-05-07
Publication date: 1982-04-23

Description

Изобретение относится к методам’ исследования трибологических свойств смазочных материалов для подшипников в машиностроении. Известен способ оценки трибологи- ^эческих свойств смазки, заключающийся в том,что в высокооборотный подшипник качения вводят смазку осуществляют · вращение одного из его колец и контролируют параметры вращения кольца и сепаратора , по которым судят о качестве смазки. Контролируемым параметром является время разгона вращения кольца и сепаратора, разность в измеренных отрезках времени характери- 15 зует работоспособность подшипника и качество смазки [1].The invention relates to methods for the study of the tribological properties of lubricants for bearings in mechanical engineering. Known method of estimating tribologi- ^e iCal lubrication properties, consisting in the fact that in a high speed rolling bearing lubricant is introduced carried · rotation of one of its rings and rotating control ring and separator parameters, which judged as a lubricant. The controlled parameter is the acceleration time of the rotation of the ring and the separator, the difference in the measured time intervals characterizes the bearing performance and the quality of the lubricant [1].

Недостатком известного способа является невысокая точность и низкая производительность, не позволяющие применить его для выполнения ускоренных испытаний с целью получения экспресс-информации о свойствах смазки.Низкая точность обусловлена необходимостью проведения длительных испытаний, а показатель качества смазки никак’не связан с каким-либо другим объективным критерием, характеризующим работу подшипника.The disadvantage of this method is its low accuracy and low productivity, which do not allow it to be used to perform accelerated tests in order to obtain express information about the properties of the lubricant. Low accuracy is due to the need for lengthy tests, and the indicator of the quality of the lubricant is in no way associated with any other objective criterion characterizing the operation of the bearing.

Цель изобретения - повышение точ ности и уменьшение трудоемкости при оценке трибологических свойств смазки.The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy and reduce the complexity in evaluating the tribological properties of the lubricant.

Эта цель достигается тем, что в качестве контролируемых параметров применяют мгновенные угловые скорости кольца й сепаратора, а полученное отношение этих скоростей сравнивают с расчетным значением для того же кольца и сепаратора.This goal is achieved by the fact that the instantaneous angular velocities of the ring of the separator are used as controlled parameters, and the obtained ratio of these speeds is compared with the calculated value for the same ring and separator.

**

На чертеже схематически представлено устройство для осуществления , предлагаемого способа.The drawing schematically shows a device for implementing the proposed method.

Устройство содержит радиальноупорный подшипник, состоящий из колец 1 и 2, шариков 3 и сепаратора 4, вал 5 с магнитными метками 6, бесконтактные датчики 7 и 8,электронные блоки 9 и 10 и преобразователи 11 и 12 частот следования импульсов от кольца 1 и сепаратора 4 в постоянный ток, а также блок 13 питания и логометр 14.The device comprises an angular contact bearing, consisting of rings 1 and 2, balls 3 and a separator 4, a shaft 5 with magnetic marks 6, proximity sensors 7 and 8, electronic units 9 and 10, and pulse frequency converters 11 and 12 from ring 1 and separator 4 in direct current, as well as a power supply unit 13 and a logometer 14.

Способ осуществляется следующим образом.The method is as follows.

При вращении вала 5 с угловой скоростью ω₈ при закрепленном неподвижно кольце 2 и в отсутствие смазки (проскальзывания нет) сепаратор имеет как известно, скоростьWhen the shaft 5 rotates with an angular speed of ω ₈ with the ring 2 fixedly fixed and in the absence of lubrication (no slippage), the separator has, as is known, the speed

-Р.Д - cos ft _f -R.D - cos ft _f

Δ Uq где D_o - диаметр расположения цен- 5 тров шариков в подшипнике;Δ Uq where D _o is the diameter of the location of the center of 5 trov balls in the bearing;

- диаметр шариков; ft - .угол контакта.- diameter of balls; ft -. contact angle.

Введя смазку в подшипник, получаем некоторое проскальзывание ша- 10 рика 3 между кольцами 1 и 2. Поэтому скорость сепаратора 4 меньше, теоретической (ии_с) . При поддержании одинаковых условий испытаний проскальзывание определяется только трибологи- 15 ческими свойствами смазки. Поэтому сравнивая отношение ш_с/ш_в, полученное расчетным путем, с аналогичным отношением при введении смазки, можно количественно оценить качество ^0 последней.By introducing lubricant into the bearing obtain some slippage sha- 10 rica 3 between the rings 1 and 2. Therefore, the speed of the separator 4 is smaller theoretical (s _c). While maintaining the same test conditions, slippage is determined only by the tribological properties of the lubricant. Therefore, comparing the ratio w _s / w _in obtained by calculation, with a similar ratio with the introduction of lubricant, you can quantitatively evaluate the quality ^ 0 of the latter.

Реальное отношение скоростей сепаратора и кольца можно заменить отношением числа импульсов от сепаратора к .числу импульсов Nj от меток 25 кольца 1 или вала 5, получаемых от магнитных и т.п. меток 6 на валу 5. и сепаратор 4, которые считываются бесконтактными датчиками 7 и 8, усиливаются электронными блоками 9 и 10 и преобразуются в постоянные токи преобразователями 11 и 12, от которых эти токи подаются на логометр 14, непосредственно сопоставляющий изме ряемые угловые скорости в виде отношения N_c/N_ft. Это отношение сравни-¹вают с теоретическим (w_c/ujg,) .The actual ratio of the speeds of the separator and the ring can be replaced by the ratio of the number of pulses from the separator to the number of pulses Nj from the marks 25 of the ring 1 or shaft 5, obtained from magnetic, etc. marks 6 on the shaft 5. and the separator 4, which are read by proximity sensors 7 and 8, are amplified by electronic units 9 and 10 and converted into direct currents by converters 11 and 12, from which these currents are supplied to the logometer 14, which directly compares the measured angular velocities the form of the relation N _c / N _ft . This ratio is comparable to the theoretical vayut ¹ (w _c / ujg,).

Применение предлагаемого способа в промышленности позволит ускорить получение экспресс-информации о свойствах смазок не только для высокооборотных шариковых подшипников, но и для более сложных опорных подшипниковых узлов.Application of the proposed method in industry will accelerate the receipt of express information on the properties of lubricants not only for high-speed ball bearings, but also for more complex support bearing assemblies.

Claims

This invention relates to methods for studying the tribological properties of bearing lubricants in mechanical engineering. A known method for evaluating the tribological properties of a lubricant is that lubricant is introduced into a high-speed rolling bearing, one of its tracks is rotated, and the parameters of rotation of the ring and the parator are checked to judge the quality of the lubricant. The controlled parameter is the acceleration time of rotation of the ring and the separator, the difference in the measured time intervals characterizes the performance of the bearing and the quality of the lubricant 1. The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy and low performance that do not allow it to be used to perform accelerated tests in order to obtain express information about lubricant properties. Low accuracy is due to the need for long-term testing, and the quality indicator of lubricant is not related to any other objective criterion characterizing the operation of the bearing. The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy and reduce the labor intensity at the price of the tribological properties of the lubricant. This goal is achieved by the fact that, as controlled parameters, instantaneous angular velocities of the ring and separator are used, and the resulting ratio of these velocities is compared with the calculated value for the same ring and separator. The drawing shows schematically an apparatus for carrying out the proposed method. The device contains a radial-resistant bearing consisting of rings 1 and 2, balls 3 and separator 4, shaft 5 with magnetic marks 6, proximity sensors 7 and 8, electronic units 9 and 10, and converters 11 and 12 of the pulse frequency from ring 1 and separator 4 to direct current, as well as a power supply unit 13 and a logometer 14. The method is carried out as follows. When the shaft 5 rotates at an angular velocity ujj with a fixed ring 2 and in the absence of lubrication (no slippage), the separator is known as the speed DO 3c COSIb where DO is the diameter of the location of the centers of the balls in the bearing; - diameter of balls; - contact angle. Introducing lubricant in the bearing, we get some slippage of the ball 3 between the rings 1 and

2. Therefore, the speed of the separator 4 is less than theoretical (00). If the test conditions are the same, slippage is determined only by the tribological properties of the lubricant. Therefore, comparing the ratio obtained by calculation, with a similar ratio with the introduction of lubricant, it is possible to quantify the quality of the latter. The real ratio of the speeds of the separator and the ring can be replaced by the ratio of the number of pulses N from the separator to the number of pulses NJ from the marks of ring 1 or shaft 5, obtained from magnetic, etc. marks 6 on shaft 5. and sepa Ratio 4, which is read by contactless sensors 7 and 8, is amplified by electronic blocks 9 and -10 and converted into direct currents by converters 11 and 12, from which {% these currents are fed to the logometer 14 directly matching the measured angular velocities in Ng / N ratio. This ratio is compared with the theoretical one (UWQ / UU). The application of the proposed method in industry will speed up the obtaining of express information on the properties of lubricants not only for high-speed sub-ball bearings, but also for more complex bearings. nick knots. Claims The method of evaluating the lubricant's tribological properties, which consists in introducing lubricant into the high-speed rolling bearing, rotates one of its rings and controls the parameters of the ring and the separator, which are used to judge the quality increasing the accuracy of the htojtjn and reducing the labor intensity, take the instantaneous angular velocities of the ring and the separator as controlled parameters, and the obtained ratio of these speeds is compared with the calculated value for the same ring and sepa Ator. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate 735360, cl. G 01 M 13/04, 1978 (prototype). I