SU914617A1 - Cutting fluid for machining ceramic products - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mechanical processing of materials, in particular to the use of lubricating coolants (coolant) when grinding tool materials in circles made of synthetic diamond and cubic boron nitride.

Known coolant for diamond grinding of tool materials, such as hard alloys and ceramics, wt.%:

Soda ash 0.01 - 0.1

Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt 0.05 - 0.5

Water 99.94 - 99.4 [1].

Also known coolant containing wt.%:

Triethanolamine 0.5 - 1.8

Sodium nitrite or soaponate 0.25 - 0.6

Glycerin 0.2 - 0.6

Water Up to 100 or other aqueous composition of the coolant, which includes components, wt.%:

Trisodium phosphate 0.6 Vaseline oil 0.5 Borax 0.3 Triethanolamine or calcined soda 0.25 Sodium nitrite 0.1 123. Sozh [13 has a low lubricant— : ability, with working with her

oily circles are quickly greased and have low resistance, while productivity is low. Greed causes equipment corrosion. Coolant [2) also have low technological properties.

Also known coolant for processing ceramics, having the following composition, 'wt.%:

Sodium carboxymethyl chainlupose 0.03 - 0.3

Ammonium chloride 0.05 —0.1

Calcined soda Sodium tetraborate 0.1 - 0.8 0.2 - 0.5 Sodium nitrate ri 0.1 - 0.3 Vaseline oil 0.1 - 0.5 Water Dr 100 gzz

However, the components of this coolant do not completely dissolve in water.

The vaseline oil is in solution in the form of a finely dispersed emulsion; as a result, the coolant does not have stability properties in the entire volume, which affects the quality of the treated surface. In addition, May ^15, at the ^{age of 15,} has no high heat resistance, and since high cutting temperatures are observed in the grinding zone, this affects the decrease in lubricating properties and the service life of the coolant. ^'20

Ammonium chloride, which is part of the coolant, negatively affects its extreme pressure properties, which causes defective products by the quality of the treated surface (burns, cracks, osprey). ²⁵

Soda ash in the recommended amount causes irritation of the skin of the hands of working personnel, dissolves the organic ligament of grinding wheels, reducing their durabilityD ³⁰

Sodium carboxymethypepuppose, which is the main given coolant, in the recommended proportions causes a strong weighing of fine particles of sludge in the liquid, and it practically cannot be removed from it either by the gravitational method in settling tanks or by centrifuge. As a result of this, the sludge, consisting of the products of destruction of the processed material, a bunch of cipherwood wheels and diamond grains, returns to the cutting zone and intensively greases the grinding wheel. At the same time, the contact area of the circle bundle with the machined surface increases, friction and grinding forces increase, heat generation in the cutting zone increases.

All this increases the thickness of the defective layer, causes internal stresses, punctures and cracks on the treated surface. At the same time, the wear of diamond wheels increases significantly, the operational properties of the machined tools deteriorate (their durability decreases during future use), and there is an increased rejection of manufactured products.

The closest in composition and deliverable is the coolant of the following composition, wt.%:

Sodium tetraborate 0.1-0.3

Sodium tripolyphosphate 0.05 - 0.2

Hydrofluoric acid 0.005 - 0.015

Triethanolamine 0.1 - 0.3

Boric acid 0.6 - 1.0

Water D6 '100 G4 3.

The specified coolant provides the required quality of the processed surface, does not cause high wear of diamond wheels. However, this coolant has low sanitary and hygienic properties, causing difficulties both in the process of preparing the liquid and in the process of its operation.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the sled. hygienic properties. Coolant.

To achieve this goal, coolant for machining ceramic products containing water, tetraborate. sodium, sodium tripolyphosphate, triethanolamine and boric acid, additionally contains ammonium silicofluoride, hexamethylenetetramine, synthetic * · detergent and perfume with the following components, wt.%: Sodium tetraborate

Sodium Tripolyphosphate

Triethanolamine Boric acid Ammonium silicofluoride

0.1 - 0.3

0.05 -0.2 0.1 - • 0.3 0.6 - 1,0 0.003. - 0.008

Hexamethylenetetramine 0.003 - 0.008

Synthetic;

Detergent .0.02 - 0.05

Fragrance 0.0005 - 0.002

Water Else

To improve the washing properties of the coolant and reduce the grazing of diamond circles, synthetic detergents (SMS) are widely used in it, which are widely used in the home such as Crystal, Dolphin, Lotus, Vega, Don, Moscow, Ladoga, Era and others. Sodium tripolyphosphate provides in the zone formation of a lubricating film operating at high temperatures and pressures.

Sodium tripopyphosphate is synergistic to the effect of sodium tefffscborate - they form more fusible lubricating

914617 6 films with titanium carbide and apyu-, minium oxide, of which oxide-carbide ceramics consist, and therefore acts in a wide range of temperatures. Sodium tripopyphosphate in combination with 5 with sodium tetraborate helps to reduce sip cutting, reduce wear of diamond wheels and improve the quality of the treated surfaces; is a good corrosion inhibitor. YU

Titanium carbide in cutting oxide-carbide ceramics and tiganosocherz-g: · of them hard alloys is the basis of strength. An improvement in its machinability contributes to an increase in the efficiency of diamond grinding of these materials; titanium carbide is oxidized in the presence of atmospheric oxygen at elevated temperatures that occur during the cutting process. - 20

Wigan oxides are a protective film and hinder the further dissolution of titanium and are more easily transformed into a soluble state, for example, in the presence of fluorides (fluoride ions). Oxides of 25 guitar interact much more easily with sodium tetraborate and fluphosphiphage in the presence of ammonium silicofluoride. This is the synergy of ammonium cream naphtha with sodium tetraborate and fluphosphate during the formation of highly effective lubricating films.

Thus, silicofluoride ammonium also contributes to an increase in the durability of the diamond wheel and the surface roughness class. Along with these properties, ammonium silicofluoride is a bactericide.

Triethanolamine improves the lubricating and washing properties of the coolant. The components introduced into the coolant dissolve in water at room temperature without residue.

Coolant is a colorless liquid that allows you to observe the cutting process.

The proposed coolant is prepared by mixing all the components in water at room temperature and mixing at room temperature until completely dissolved.

In Gabl, I presents the compositions of the coolant prepared for testing.

Table 1

Components, wt.% Composition of coolant 1 2 3 4 5 SMS (Lotus) 0.02 0.05 0,03 0,0 1 0,07 Sodium tetraborate 0.1 0.3 0.20 0.05 0.4 Sodium Tripopyphosphate 0.05 0.2 0.1 0,03 0 Ammonium silicofluoride 0.003 0.008 0.005 0.00 2 0.01 Hexamethylenetetramine 0.003 0.008 0.005 0.00 2 0.01 Perfume 0,0005 0.002 0.001 0,0003 0.003 Triethanolamine 0.1 0.3 0.25 0.05 0.4 Boric acid 0.6 1,0 0.8 0.4 1,2 Won Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100

For comparison, the known composition No. 6 containing, wt.%:

Sodium carboxymegyl celluloeu 0.2

Ammonium chloride ¹ · - 0.1

Soda Ash O, 5

Sodium tetraborate 0.5

Sodium nitrate

Vaseline oil 0.2

Water Up to 100

In addition, the tests are carried out in comparison with the known composition No. 7, containing, wt.%:

Sodium tetraborate

Sodium Tripopyphosphate

0.3

0.2

914617 8

Hydrofluoric acid 6.015

Triethanolamine 0.3

Boric Acid 1.0

Water Up to 100

The tests are carried out on the machine ЗВ642, equipped with a coolant supply system. into the cutting zone. Processing of non-reworkable VOK-60 oxide-carbide ceramic plates along reference planes is carried out using an ASV-80/63 B2-YuO cup circle, 5 units θ, θ5 mm / double pass.

Roughness - measured by profilomero-profilograph. Coolant is fed into the cutting area by irrigation.

Comparative test data are presented in table. 2.

T ablina2

Composition of coolant Ν " Surface finish Specific consumption of diamonds, mg / g roughness class V roughness, μm - 1 9 ^δ 0.17 1,5 2 10 ^th 0.09 1.3 3 10 ^& 0.09 1.3 4 '9 ⁵ 0.21 1.7 5 10 ⁵ 0.12 1.4 6 '9 ^& 0.18 1.9 7 10 ^th 0.08 61

As can be seen from the table. 2, the proposed coolant provides higher technical and economic indicators, namely, it increases the wear resistance of diamond wheels ^{1 by} an average of 30-40%, the surface roughness improves by one class (from 9 · clt to 10 ° C.).

The proposed coolant compositions (No. 1-3), while maintaining their lubricating properties at the level of * * not composition No. 7, at the same time, compared with composition No. 6 increase the wear resistance of diamond wheels by an average of ⁴⁵ 30-40%, the surface roughness improves on one class.

With regard sanitary properties proposed coolant of it ⁵⁰ through the replacement of hydrofluoric acid salts thereof does not cause skin irritation as a hand in preparing the emulsion or during its operation. In addition, the preliminarily obtained coolant cleared well of sludge, ⁵⁵ did not corrode the equipment, and was easily washed off with the finished part by water at room temperature.

Claims (1)

Claim Cutting lubricant for machining ceramic products containing water, sodium tetraborate, sodium tripolyphosphate, triethanolamine and boric acid, which contains heme, which, in order to improve the sanitary and hygienic properties of the liquid, it additionally contains ammonium cremophosphoric, gescamethylengetramine, synthetic Moisturizing agent and fragrance in the following components, wt.%: Sodium tetraborate sodium tripolyphosphate Triethanolamine Boric acid Ammonium creamy mountainous G examethylenegetramine Synthetic Detergent Fragrance Water 0.1 - 0.3 0.05 - 0.2 0.1 - 0.3 0.6 - 1.0 0.003 - 0.008 0.003 - 0.008 0.02 - 0.05 0.0005 - 0.002 Rest