SU912364A1

SU912364A1 - Apparatus for pressing out interior threads

Info

Publication number: SU912364A1
Application number: SU802956183A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Геннадий Павлович Урлапов
Original assignee: Винницкий политехнический институт
Priority date: 1980-07-15
Filing date: 1980-07-15
Publication date: 1982-03-15

Description

Изобретение относится к обработке металлов давлением и, в частности, может быть использовано при изготовлении глухих' и сквозных резьбовых отверстий средних и крупных размеров в деталях из высокопластичных материалов.The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and, in particular, can be used in the manufacture of blind and through threaded holes of medium and large sizes in parts of highly plastic materials.

Известна конструкция сборного машинного метчика, состоящего из корпуса й укрепленных в нем гребенок со шлифованной резьбой, опирающихся на коническую поверхность резьбового пальца, с помощью которого регулируют размер среднего диаметра метчика. От выпадания гребенки удерживаются крышкой и стянуты пружинным кольцом £ 1 ] . ₍ A known design of a prefabricated machine tap, consisting of a housing and combs with polished threads mounted in it, resting on the conical surface of the threaded pin, with which the size of the average diameter of the tap is regulated. The combs are kept from falling out by the cover and are pulled together by a spring ring £ 1]. ₍

Наличие у такого метчика постоянной заборной части, выполненной под определенным углом, не позволяет в процессе его эксплуатации регулировать (в зависимости от физико—механических свойств материала гайки) толщину слоя металла, срезаемого режущими кромками метчика.The presence of such a tap with a constant intake part, made at a certain angle, does not allow to regulate (depending on the physicomechanical properties of the nut material) the thickness of the metal layer cut off by the cutting edges of the tap.

Известно устройство для выдавливания внутренних резьб (бесстружечный метчик), состоящее из корпуса с установленными в нем резьбовыми пластинами, а также подпружиненной втулки и опорного кольца, установленных на корпусе и контактирующих с резьбовыми пластинами, при этом пазы в корпусе и контактирующие с ними основания резьбовых пластин выполнены наклонными к оси корпуса с одинаковым углом наклона. Путем изменения скорости поступательного (осевого) перемещения корпуса конструкция метчика позволяет регулировать, в зависимости от конкретных условий обработки, скорость радиальной подачи резьбовых пластин в металл гайкй'[2] .A device for extruding internal threads (chipless tap), consisting of a housing with threaded plates installed in it, as well as a spring-loaded sleeve and a support ring mounted on the housing and in contact with the threaded plates, the grooves in the housing and the bases of the threaded plates in contact with them made inclined to the axis of the housing with the same angle. By changing the speed of the translational (axial) movement of the housing, the design of the tap allows you to adjust, depending on the specific processing conditions, the radial feed rate of the threaded plates into the nut metal '[2].

Однако указанная конструкция метчика позволяет получать только сквозные резьбовые отверстия и непригодна для изготовления глухих резьб, кроме того, указанное устройство не мсжет быть использовано при изготовлении резьбовых отверстий на универсальных станках, например сверлильных. Объясняется это тем, что для осуществления процесса резьбо3 9123 выдавливания указанным устройством необходимо наличие специального приспособления, которое удерживало бы деталь от йроворачивания и одновременно обеспечивало бы ей возможность осевого пере- 5 метения с подачей, равной шагу резьбы Гайки и, кроме того, необходимо также наличие устройства, которое обеспечивало бы корпусу перемещение в осевом направлении с определенной силой. toHowever, the specified design of the tap allows only through threaded holes to be obtained and is unsuitable for the manufacture of blind threads, in addition, this device cannot be used in the manufacture of threaded holes on universal machines, such as drilling. This is explained by the fact that for the process of extruding 3 9123 extrusion by the indicated device, it is necessary to have a special device that would keep the part from turning and at the same time provide it with the possibility of axial displacement with a feed equal to the thread pitch of the Nut and, in addition, the presence of a device that would allow the body to move axially with a certain force. to

Целью изобретения является расширение технологических возможностей.The aim of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities.

Поставленная цель достигается тем,, что устройство для выдавливания внутренних резьб, содержащее корпус, резьбовые пластины, размешенные с возможностью перемещения в осевом направлении, снабжено стаканом, соосным с корпусом, гайкой, расположенной в стакане с предохранительным устройством, установленным в стакане с возможностью взаимодействия с гайкой, причем корпус выполнен с коническим хвостовиком, а втулка связана' резьбовым соединением с гайкой.This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for extruding internal threads, comprising a housing, threaded plates, arranged axially movable, is provided with a cup coaxial with the body, a nut located in the cup with a safety device installed in the cup with the possibility of interaction with a nut, and the housing is made with a tapered shank, and the sleeve is connected by a threaded connection to the nut.

На фиг. 1 показано предлагаемое устройство, общий вид; на фиг. 2 -сечение А-А на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 - сечение Б-Б на фиг. 1.In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a General view; in FIG. 2-section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 1.

Устройство содержит втулку 1, внутри которой размещен корпус 2. В нижней части корпуса 2 выполнены (равномерно по окружности) пазы прямоугольной формы, наклоненные под одинаковым углом к оси корпуса. В пазах корпуса 2 разме- ³⁵шены с возможностью перемещения резьбовые пластины 3. Число пластин, а спетдовательно, и пазов на корпусе может быть различным и зависит от диаметра образуемой устройством резьбы. Верхние ⁴³торцы резьбовых пластин 3 выполнены с выступами Г-образной формы 4, которыми они входят в соответствующие радиальные прямоугольные пазы 5, расположенные на торце втулки 1. От выпада- ⁴⁵ния из пазов пластины 3 удерживаются крышкой 6, закрепленной на втулке 1. В пазах 5 втулки 1 размещены пружины сжатия 7, которые служат для создания постоянного контакта оснований пластин 59 . 3 с основаниями наклонных пазов корпуса 2. Регулировку усилия пружин осуществляют .винтами 8, ввернутыми в крышку 6. Втулка 1 и корпус 2 соединены шпонкой 9 и имеют возможность осе- 55 вого перемещения относительно друг друга. Для настройки заданной величины перемещения втулки 1 относительно корпусаThe device comprises a sleeve 1, inside of which the housing 2 is placed. In the lower part of the housing 2 there are made (uniformly around the circumference) rectangular grooves inclined at the same angle to the axis of the housing. In the grooves of the housing 2, ³⁵ threaded plates are arranged with the possibility of movement. The number of plates, and optionally, the grooves on the housing may be different and depends on the diameter of the thread formed by the device. The upper ends ⁴³ of threaded plates 3 are formed with projections T-shaped 4, they engage in corresponding radial rectangular grooves 5 arranged at the end of the sleeve 1. From vypada- Nia ⁴⁵ of the grooves 3 are held cover plate 6 fixed on the sleeve 1. In grooves 5 of the sleeve 1 are placed compression springs 7, which serve to create permanent contact of the bases of the plates 59. 3 with the bases of the inclined grooves of the housing 2. The force of the springs is adjusted using screws 8 screwed into the cover 6. The sleeve 1 and the housing 2 are connected by a key 9 and can axially move relative to each other. To adjust the set value of the movement of the sleeve 1 relative to the housing

4 на последнем установлены гайка 10 и контргайка 11. Регулировку положения гайки 10 и контргайки 11 осуществляют через окна 12, выполненные во втулке 1. Корпус 2 заканчивается коническим хвостовиком 13, которым он вставляется в шпиндель 14 сверлильного станка. На наружной поверхности втулки 1 (в верхней ее части) нарезана резьба 15 с шагом , равным шагу резьбы на пластинах 3.8 Резьбой 15 втулка 1 сочленена с гайкой 16, вмонтированной с возможностью вращения в выточку стакана 17. От выпадания | из выточки ; гайка 16 удержи15 вается крышкой 18, закрепленной на стакане 17. Гайка 16 своей наружной поверхностью контактирует с предохранительным устройством 19 (например, шариковым), размешенным на стакане 17.4, the nut 10 and the lock nut 11 are installed on the latter. The adjustment of the position of the nut 10 and the lock nut 11 is carried out through the windows 12 made in the sleeve 1. The housing 2 ends with a tapered shank 13, with which it is inserted into the spindle 14 of the drilling machine. On the outer surface of sleeve 1 (in its upper part), thread 15 is cut with a step equal to the thread pitch on the plates 3.8 Thread 15 of sleeve 1 is articulated with a nut 16 mounted to rotate into the undercut of the cup 17. From falling out | from the undercut; the nut 16 is held in place by a lid 18 fixed on the cup 17. The nut 16 contacts its safety surface 19 with a safety device 19 (for example, a ball) placed on the cup 17.

Ϊ0 Стакан 17 закреплен на пиноли 20 сверлильного станка. Для пояснения работы устройства на фиг. 1 показана гайка (деталь) 21. В нерабочем положении торец С корпуса 2 упирается в торец Р втулки 1, а резьбовые пластины 3 под действием пружин 7 плотно прижаты свс*. ими основаниями к корпусу 2. В этом положении наружный диаметр резьбовых пластин 3 оказывается меньше (на 0,5...0,8 мм) внутреннего диаметра образуемой резьбы. Размеры резьбового профиля пластин 3 соответствуют размерам резьбы детали в том их положении, когда торец С корпуса 2 находится на определенном расстоянии (расчетном) от торца Р втулки 1, а гайка 10 упирается в торец втулки 1. В этом положении и производится шлифование резьбового профиля пластин 3 с выдерживанием соответствующих размеров наружного, среднего и внутреннего диаметров, а также радиуса закругления R .Ϊ0 The glass 17 is mounted on the pins 20 of the drilling machine. To explain the operation of the device in FIG. Figure 1 shows the nut (part) 21. In the inoperative position, the end face C of the housing 2 abuts against the end face P of the sleeve 1, and the threaded plates 3 are tightly pressed by the SHS * under the action of the springs 7. by their bases to the housing 2. In this position, the outer diameter of the threaded plates 3 is smaller (by 0.5 ... 0.8 mm) of the inner diameter of the formed thread. The dimensions of the threaded profile of the plates 3 correspond to the dimensions of the thread of the part in that position when the end face C of the housing 2 is at a certain distance (calculated) from the end face P of the sleeve 1, and the nut 10 abuts against the end face of the sleeve 1. In this position, the threaded profile of the plates is ground 3 with maintaining the corresponding dimensions of the outer, middle and inner diameters, as well as the radius of curvature R.

Процесс выдавливания внутренних резьб предлагаемым устройством' осуществляется следующим образом.The extrusion process of internal threads of the proposed device 'is as follows.

В собранном виде устройство коническим хвостовиком 13 вставляют в конусное отверстие шпинделя 14 сверлильного станка, после чего стакан 17 жестко закрепляют па пиноли 20. Предваритель. ную сборку устройства осуществляют при этом таким образом, чтобы торец С корпуса 2 касался торца Ό втулки 1, а между нижним торцом гайки 10 и торцом выточки втулки 1 оставался бы определенный расчетный размер. После закрепления устройства опусканием пиноли 20 его вводят резьбовыми пластинами 3 в отверстие детали 21 до тех пор, пока нижние торцы резьбовых пластин 3 не коснутся дна отверстия. Затем шпинделю 14 станка сообщают левое вращение (при изготовлении правой резьбы), при котором втулка 1 начинает ввинчиваться резьбовым участком 15 в невращаюшую— ся гайку 16. Ввинчиваясь, втулка 1 через крышку 18 начинает поднимать резьбовые пластины 3. Так как корпус 2 в ¹⁰осевом направлении остается неподвижным, а резьбовые ·пластины 3 движутся по наклонным пазам корпуса 2 вверх, то их наружный 'Диаметр увеличивается. Своими рабочими вершинами резьбовые ¹⁵пластины 3 начинают внедряться в поверхность отверстия гайки, образуя тем самым ее резьбовой профиль. Пружины 7 при этом сжимаются. Внедрение резьбовых пластин 3 в металл гайки продолжается 20 до тех пор, пока втулка 1 торцом выточки не упрется в нижний торец гайки 10. Это положение и показано на фиг. 1, т.е. то положение, когда полный резьбовой профиль, за исключением участка В , 25 образован по всей высоте отверстия. Резкое возрастание крутящего момента при упоре втулки 1 в нижний торец гайки 10 приводит к тому, что пружина шарикового предохранительного устройства ежи- зо мается, шарик выходит из углубления гайки 16, и последняя начинает вращаться вместе со втулкой 1. Резьбовые пластины 3 продолжают при этом вывинчиваться из резьбового отверстия гайки 35 (детали) и под действием возникающей осевой силы начинают поднимать пиноль 20 станка. В этот момент шпинделю 14 станка' сообщают обратное направление вращения. Втулка 1 начинает вывинчива- 40 ться из гайки 16 и перемещать тем самым резьбовые пластины 3 относительно корпуса 2 вниз. Под действием пружин 7 резьбовые пластины 3 перемешаются к центру отверстия и выходят из зацепле- 45 ния с деталью гайки 21. Пиноль 20 вместе с устройством поднимают, устанав· ливают следующую деталь, и процесс повторяют. Возможен также и. вариант ’ изготовления резьбовых отверстий без из5 менения направления вращения шпинделя.In the assembled form, the device with a tapered shank 13 is inserted into the conical hole of the spindle 14 of the drilling machine, after which the glass 17 is rigidly fixed to the pins 20. The pre-heater. In this case, the device is assembled in such a way that the end face C of the housing 2 touches the end face Ό of the sleeve 1, and a certain calculated size would remain between the lower end face of the nut 10 and the end face of the undercut of the sleeve 1. After fixing the device by lowering the quill 20, it is inserted with threaded plates 3 into the hole of part 21 until the lower ends of the threaded plates 3 touch the bottom of the hole. Then, the machine spindle 14 is informed of the left rotation (in the manufacture of the right thread), in which the sleeve 1 begins to be screwed by the threaded section 15 into the non-rotating nut 16. When screwed, the sleeve 1 through the cover 18 begins to lift the threaded plates 3. Since the body 2 is ^{10 in} axial direction remains stationary, and threaded · plates 3 move upward along the inclined grooves of the housing 2, then their outer 'diameter increases. With their working peaks, the threaded ¹⁵ plates 3 begin to penetrate into the surface of the nut hole, thereby forming its threaded profile. The springs 7 are compressed. The insertion of threaded plates 3 into the metal of the nut continues 20 until the sleeve 1 abuts against the bottom end of the nut 10. This position is shown in FIG. 1, i.e. the position when the complete threaded profile, with the exception of section B, 25 is formed along the entire height of the hole. A sharp increase in torque when the sleeve 1 rests on the lower end of the nut 10 causes the spring of the ball safety device to bounce, the ball leaves the recess of the nut 16, and the latter starts to rotate together with the sleeve 1. The threaded plates 3 continue to be unscrewed from the threaded hole of the nut 35 (part) and under the action of the arising axial force, the machine pin 20 is lifted. At this moment, the machine spindle 14 is informed of the reverse direction of rotation. The sleeve 1 begins to be unscrewed-40 from the nut 16 and thereby move the threaded plate 3 relative to the housing 2 down. Under the action of the springs 7, the threaded plates 3 are mixed towards the center of the hole and disengaged from the part of the nut 21. The pin 20 together with the device is lifted, the next part is installed, and the process is repeated. Also possible. option 'of manufacturing threaded holes without changing the direction of rotation of the spindle.

В этом случае пиноль 20 ста’нКа вместе ' с устройством поднимается до тех пор, пока резьбовые пластины 3 полностью не вывернутся из резьбового отверстия гайки 21. Процесс изготовления сквозных резьбовых отверстий предлагаемым устройством аналогичен описанному.In this case, the 20-inch KA panel along with the device rises until the threaded plates 3 are completely twisted out of the threaded hole of nut 21. The manufacturing process of through threaded holes of the proposed device is similar to that described.

Предложенная конструкция устройства позволяет использовать его на универсальных сверлильных станках без всякой их модернизации, а также выдавливать резьбу в сквозных и глухих отверстиях.The proposed design of the device allows you to use it on universal drilling machines without any modernization, as well as extrude threads in through and blind holes.

Claims

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular, can be used in the manufacture of blind and through-threaded holes of medium and large sizes in parts of highly plastic materials. The known design of a precast machine tap consists of a body and combs with polished threads supported in it, resting on the cat surface of the threaded pin, with which they adjust the size of the average meter of the tap. The comb is retained from the top of the lid and the strings are synchronized with the ring L1 j The presence of such a tap with a constant intake part, made at a certain angle, does not allow the thickness of the tag to be adjusted (depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the nut material). a layer of metal cut by the cutting edges of the tap. A device for extruding internal threads (flawless tap) consisting of a body with threaded plates installed therein, as well as a spring-loaded bushing and a support ring, mounted on the housing and in contact with the threaded plates, while the nasbt in the housing and the contact, with the base threaded plates are inclined to the axis of the housing with one angle of inclination. By changing the speed of the translational (axial) movement of the body of the tap construction, it is possible to adjust, depending on the specific processing conditions, the radial feed rate of the threaded plates into the metal. The single yicaaainiaH design of the tap allows you to get only through threaded holes and is unsuitable for making blind threads, moreover, this device cannot be used to make threaded holes on universal machines, for example, drilled ones. This is explained by the fact that in order to implement the threading out by this device, a special device is necessary to keep the part from turning and at the same time provide the possibility of axial peremetnaya with a feed equal to the thread pitch of the nut and, moreover, it is also necessary a device that provides the body with axial displacement with a certain force. The aim of the invention is vl. It extends technological capabilities. The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for squeezing BiHyT of the old threads, comprising a body, is rezi: slatted plates, placed with the possibility of movement in the axial direction. " The scientific research institute is equipped with a glass coaxially with the CS box, a nut located in the cup with a safety device, which can be cooperated with the nut in the cup, and the body is made with KOHiwecKiDvi shank, and the sleeve is threadedly connected with the nut. FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a general view; in fig. 2 is shown in FIG. one; in fig. 3 .- section - on FIG. 1. The device contains a sleeve 1, in which a housing 2 is placed. In the lower part of the housing 2 in a wave 1Y (uniformly around the circumference) rectangular grooves are inclined at an equal angle c to the axis of the housing . In the slots of the housing 2, the threaded plates o are arranged with an amount of movement. The number of plates, and consequently, the grooves on the body may be different and depends on the diameter of the thread formed by the device. In the upper part, the torpas of the threaded plates 3 are made with protruding L-shaped 4, with which the relevant radial rectangular grooves 5, located at the end of the sleeve 1, enter. From the slots of the plate 3, they are retained from the slots of the slot 3 mounted on the sleeve 1 In the grooves 5, the sleeves 1 are placed with the snaps 7, which serve to create a constant contact between the bases of the plates. 3 with the base of the grooved grooves of the casing 2. P; spring force adjustment is carried out by B1 shtam1 8 screwed into the lid 6. The hub 1 and the casing 2 are connected by the ear 9 and have the axial displacement of each other relative to each other. . The nut 1 and the lock nut 11 are adjusted on the last sleeve 1 relative to the housing 2. The nut 10 and the lock 11 are adjusted through the windows 12 made in the sleeve 1. The housing 2 ends with a tapered shank 13, with which it is inserted into the 14 drilling machine. On the outer surface of the sleeve 1 (in its upper part), a thread 15 is cut with a bar) OM, equal to the thread pitch on the plates 3.1-. The threaded sleeve 15 of the sleeve 1 is articulated with a nut 16 rotatably mounted in the recess of the cup 17. From dropping I out of the recess: the nut 16 is held by a cap 18 fixed to the cup 17. The nut 16 contacts its safety device 19 (e.g., ball) with its outer surface placed on the glass 17. The glass 17 is 1 percent on the pinhole 2 O boring machine. To explain the operation of the device in FIG. 1 shows a nut (part) 21. In the non-operating position, the end C of the body 2 abuts against the end D of the bushings 1, and the threaded plates 3 under the action of the joint 7 are tightly stumped with their bases to the body 2. In this position, the outer diameter of the threaded plates 3 is less (by 0.5 ... 0.8 mm) of the inner diameter of the thread formed. The dimensions of the threaded plates 3 correspond to the dimensions of the thread of the part in their position when the end C of the body 2 is located at a certain distance (calculated) from the end of sleeve 1, and the nut 10 is threaded into the end face of sleeve 1. In this position, the thread of the plate is grinding. 3 with the maintenance of the respective sizes of the outer, middle and inner diameters, as well as the radius of rounding R. The process of extruding internal threads suggested by the device is carried out as follows. In the form of a co6pajiHOM device, a tapered shank 13 is inserted into the tapered hole of the spindle 14 of the drilling machine, after which the cup 17 is fixedly fixed to the cat-on 2O. Preliminary. In this case, the device assembly should be carried out in such a way that the end C of the cornyoEi 2 contacts the end D of sleeve 1, and between the 5-end of the nut 1O and the end of the undercut of the sleeve 1 would remain a certain design size. After fixing the device by lowering the quill 20, it is inserted with threaded plates 3 into the hole of part 21 until the lower ends of the threaded plates 3 are placed on the bottom of the hole. Then the spindle 1.4 of the machine is reported to have left rotation (when making the right thread), in which the sleeve 1 starts to screw the threaded section 15 into the non-rotating nut 16. Screwing in the sleeve 1, the cover 18 starts sewing the threaded plates 3. As the body 2 is axially the direction remains stationary, and the threaded plates 3 move upward along the inclined grooves of the housing 2, their outer diameter increases. With their working tops, the threaded plates 3 begin to insert the nut into the hole, thereby forming its threaded profile. The springs 7 are compressed. The insertion of the threaded plates .3 into the metal of the nut continues until the sleeve 1 with the end of the recess rests on the lower end of the nut Y. This position is shown in FIG. 1, i.e. then, when the full threaded profile, with the exception of section B, is formed along the entire height of the hole. A sharp increase in torque when the sleeve 1 stops at the lower end of the nut 10 causes the spring of the ball safety device to slow down, the ball emerges from the recess of the nut 16, and the latter begins to rotate together with the sleeve 1. The threaded plates 3 continue to unscrew From the threaded hole of the nut (part), and under the action of the resulting axial seed, the machine’s quill 20 begins to be lifted. At this point, the machine spindle 14 is informed of the reverse direction of rotation. The sleeve 1 begins to unscrew from the nut 16 and thereby move the threaded plates 3 relative to the housing 2 downwards. Under the action of the springs 7, the threaded plates 3 move to the center of the hole and come out of the hook with the nut 21 part. The quench 20 646 is lifted together with the device, the next part is installed and the process is repeated. It is also possible to manufacture threaded holes without changing the direction of the spindle rotation. In this case, the quill 20 of the machine with the device rises until the threaded plates 3 are completely turned out of the threaded hole of the nut 21. The process of making CKBoaiaix threaded holes with the proposed article is analogous to that described. The device design is faulty, it can be used on advanced drilling stegs without any jix modernisation, as well as squeezing out threads in through holes and deaf holes. Claims An apparatus for extruding internal threads, comprising a housing, threaded plates arranged to move 1 in the longitudinal inclined grooves of the body, and a sleeve mounted to be movable in force-controlled structures, characterized in that, in order to clear the range of workpieces n technological possibilities, it is equipped with a glass,. A coocHT iM with a housing, a nut, rammed in a glass, to a safety device installed in a glass with the possibility of interacting with the nut, the body is made with a quixal shank, and the sleeve is connected with a nut with a nut. Istoch1p1ki zp1 (3yurmatsh1, taken into account during the examination 1.Frut SN Yu. L. High-performance thread-forming tool., Mashinostroenenie, 1977.

2. Authors certificate of the USSR 742018, cl. B 21 H 3 / O8, il.O7.77 (prototype).