SU908959A1 - Electrolyzer - Google Patents

Description

(54) ELECTROLIZER FOR ALUMINUM PRODUCTION

I

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular, to devices for stabilizing the energy regime and heat recovery of electrolyzers for producing aluminum.

A known cell for producing aluminum with a device for stabilizing the temperature and heat recovery of the cathode and anode housings 1.

The disadvantage is unstabilized thermal conditions.

The closest to the present invention is an electrolysis cell for producing aluminum, including an anodic, cathodic device with hermetic cavities, a casing with a bottom and sides, a device for heat recovery and a heat carrier (2.

The disadvantages of the known electrolyzer are the instability of the thermal regime and the impossibility of complete heat recovery.

Sealed cavities in the areas of the cathode and anode housings, connected by pipes for movement of the coolant, for example air, from the pressurization fan, and heat exchanger after the electrolyzer for utilization of heat losses of its elements are provided in the known electrolyzer. At the same time, the air flow after the fan is distributed to the cavities in the zones of the anode and the cathode casing by means of air-distributing devices, further divided by parallel flows to the beads and the bottom of the electrolyzer. At the same time, atmospheric air with ambient temperature enters the cavity of the cathode jacket. When using recirculation of heated air in the bottom of the air in the suction side of the fan, an additional fan with an appropriate number of pipes will be required.

15

More appropriate is the supply of air after the fan in the cavity in the area of the sides, and of them in the cavity in the area of the bottom, i.e. consistent flow pattern of the coolant. However, there will be

20 excess heat with the flow from the elements of the electrolyzer.

Claims (2)

The purpose of the invention is the utilization of excess heat and the stabilization of the temperature 3 modes of the elements of the electrolyzer to produce aluminum. This goal is achieved by the fact that an additional heat exchanger is installed in the electrolyzer dp for producing ammonia between the cavities in the areas of the sides and the bottom of the cathode casing, which is connected in series with water to the heat exchanger behind the electrolyzer. The drawing shows schematically the electrolyzer with the top current supply, a section. The electrolyzer for producing aluminum consists of solid I and liquid 2 parts of the carbon body of the anode, from the outside of which are sealed cavities 3. Current to the anode is supplied with a reed rod 4. Air into the sealed cavities of the electrolyzer is supplied from the supercharging fan 5. In the area of the sides of the cathode casing there are hermetic cavities 6, and in the area of the bottom there are cavities 7. Inside the cathode casing there is a layer of molten aluminum 8 and an electrolyte layer 9 above it, and around - the sides there is a skull 10. in the zone of the boards along the highway m 11 and 12, and through the switchgear 13 and the highway 14 - into the cavity in the bottom zone. On line 14 between cavities 6 and 7 in the areas of the beads and the bottom there is a heat exchanger 15 connected in series with the heat exchanger 16 after the electrolyzer. Hot air into the heat exchanger 16 enters through line 17. Exhaust air through magisfali 18 is supplied to the suction side of the fan 5. Between cavities 6 and 7 of the cathode casing there is a bypass line 19. From cavity 6 in the area of the sides, heated air enters through the main 20 into cavity 3 in the anode zone, from which heat is directed along line 21 for heat recovery, and along line 22 to the full-blown fan 5. An electrolyzer for producing aluminum operates as follows. Air from the blower fan 5 is fed through, the line m 11 and 12 enters the cavities 6 of the sides of the cathode casing. From them, through the switchgear 13, air is directed in two parallel streams: through pipe 20 to cavity 3 in the anode zone, through pipe 14 and heat exchanger 15 to cavity 7 in the bottom zone of the electrolyzer, from which it enters through pipe 17 to heat exchanger 16. From cavity 3 in the anode area, air is directed through lines 21 and 17 and heat exchanger 16, and through line 22 to the inlet of the fan 5. Through the bypass line 18, the air from the heat exchanger 16 postz passes to the inlet of the fan 5. Thus, the cavities in the zones of the anode, the sides and the bottom of the electro Ysera interconnected air line E, and between said heat exchange elements disposed surfaces serving for utalizadii excess heat cell. As a result, the temperature conditions of the elements of the electrolyzer are stabilized and the efficiency of using the heat of the anode and cathode shells is improved. The use of the proposed electrolaser provides the economic effect of 1 million rubles per year. Claim 1. Electrolyzer for producing aluminum, including anodic and cathodic devices with hermetic, cavities, housing with bottom and sides, device for heat recovery and heat-transfer line, characterized in that, in order to utilize excess heat and stabilize the temperature mode, cavities, in the zones of the sides and the bottom of the cathode casing, an additional heat exchanger is installed, connected in series with the device for heat recovery. 2. The electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealed stripes in the anode, sides and bottom of the cathode zones are connected by separate lines between themselves and with a device for heat recovery. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate N ° 605865, cl. C 25 C 3/08, 1976. 2. USSR author's certificate number 633937, cl. C 25 C 3/08, 1977. I 4X1- 18 sixteen