SU1583471A1 - Aluminium electrolyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular, to the construction of electrolysis cells for the production of aluminum with devices for loading alumina. The purpose of the invention is to increase current efficiency and reduce labor costs. Alumina is heated by hot air in a fluidized bed in chute 6 and through the gap between the wall of chute 6 and visor 8 and the gap between the anode casing 2 and bell 5 is blown under the bell 5. In this case, the alumina is sprayed with air flow and enters the zone with increased intensity electrolyte circulation. This helps to accelerate the dissolution of alumina, which prevents the formation of precipitation on the hearth, stabilizes the temperature and concentration of alumina in the electrolyte. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular, to the design of electrolysers for the production of aluminum with devices for loading alumina.

The aim of the invention is to increase the current output and reduce labor costs by stabilizing the electrolysis process and eliminating the formation of a hearth.

Fig. 1 shows an electrolyzer, (general view; Fig 2; node I on (mg.1; Fig. 3) shows the layout of the pipelines for the supply of compressed air.

The electrolysis cell for producing aluminum contains a shaft-cathode 1, an anode 2, and an alumina feeding device.

The alumina feeder holds a hopper 3 with a dispenser 4 located on the bell 5 of the anode 2 along the 4th longitudinal side.

The dispenser 4 is made in the form of a gutter d with an aerating pipe 7. A visor 8 is fixed on the casing of the fnod 2. The sections of the bell 5 are fixed on the casing of the anode 2 with a gap that performs the function of a chute,

In linings 9 of cathode 1, canals 10 are made for heating compressed air, connected via an 11 росс throttle with an aerating pipe 7.

The electrolyzer operates as follows

Alumina from hopper 3 enters Ј gutter b. Compressed air, supplied from pipe 7, alumina is fluidized. The air entering pipe 7 is preheated in channels 10.

In a fluidized bed, alumina is heated with both hot air and heat. Scrap electrolyzer.

The heated alumina through the gap between the wall of the gutter 6 and the visor 8 and the gap between the anode casing 2 and the sections

the bells 5 are blown under the bell by the air flow onto the surface of the electrolyte - at a distance. 5-8 cm from the side surface of the anode 2. In this case, the alumina is sprayed and enters the zone of increased electrolyte circulation.

When the heated dispersed alumina is sprayed into the zone of increased intensity of the circulating electrolyte flows, the crust of the electrolyte does not form in this zone, the maximum contact area of the alumina with the electrolyte and the accelerated dissolution of the alumina is ensured without the formation of a bottom stream. The continuous flow of metered amounts of heated alumina into the electrolyte evenly along the longitudinal sides of the elektrolyzer stabilizes the temperature and concentration of alumina in the electrolyte. This increases current efficiency and reduces labor costs.

Claims (2)

1. Electrolyzer for producing aluminum containing a shaft-cathode, an anode and a device for producing alumina with a hopper, dispenser and chute connected to the anode bell, characterized in that, in order to increase the current output and reduce labor costs, the dispenser is made in the form of a chute with an aeration pipe located on the bell along the longitudinal sides of the anode and the visor mounted on the anode casing, and chute is made in the form of a gap between the anode casing and the bell. 2. The electrolyzer according to claim 1, about which is that in the lining of the cathode there are channels for heating the compressed air connected to the aeration tube by means of droplets. FIG. 2 Network compressed bozduha / W / W