SU903573A1 - Control system for variable-pitch ship turbounit - Google Patents

Description

(54) CONTROL SYSTEM OF SHIP'S TURBO-AGGREGATE WITH A SCREW OF A REGULATED STEP

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The invention relates to automation of ship steam turbines, which drive a screw of an adjustable rod.

Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a control system for a shipboard turbine unit with an adjustable pitch propeller, containing a pitch pitch unit connected to the input of the pitch control unit, the output of which is connected to the pitch change mechanism, rotation speed setter, connected to the input of the rotational speed control unit, the output of which is connected to a shunting valve through a speed regulator, a speed sensor connected 15 to the regulator, a frequency adjuster The input is connected to the step change mechanism, and the step corrector, the input to which is connected to the rotational speed sensor, and the output to the input to the control unit by step. The control of the pipe unit is carried out by acting on the screw setpoint adjuster, the signal of which is transmitted to the step change mechanism through the appropriate control unit. The preset rotational speed is maintained by a rotational speed controller with a sensor and a setpoint device by acting on a maneuvering valve. When the pitch of the screw is changed, a rotational deviation occurs, which is compensated by the rotation frequency collector. When the maneuvering valve is fully open, an increase in the load may cause a decrease in the rotational speed, which is compensated by the step adjuster.

However, the known system is characterized by reduced efficiency, since it does not always realize the optimal relationship between the pitch of the screw and the frequency of turnaround.

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency.

To achieve the goal, a nonlinear functional unit and a scaling element, connected in series, and a rotational frequency adjuster are introduced into the system, kinematically connected to the input of the nonlinear link, the output of the rotational speed corrector is connected to the input of the scaler, and the output of the speed control unit .

The drawing shows the scheme of the proposed system.

The system includes a screw setpoint adjuster 1, a pitch control unit 2, a pitch change mechanism 3, an adjustable pitch screw 4., a main shipboard turbine unit 5, a vrash frequency sensor 6, a screw pitch corrector 7, a vrash frequency adjuster 8, vrai, block 9 rotational speed control, variable-frequency regulator 10, shunting valve 11, rotational frequency corrector 12 according to the actual screw pitch, non-linear functional link 13 and scaling e. .. ment 14.

The principle of the system is as follows.

The mode of operation of the installation is set by the handle of the machine telegraph acting on the setpoint adjuster 1 of the screw pitch. The signal is set to one. 1 through the pitch control unit 2 is transmitted to the pitch change mechanism 3, which changes the position of the propeller blades 4. The rotation speed setpoint is maintained by the static regulator 10 acting on the shunting valve 11 of the turbine unit 5. Compensation of the statistics of the regulator 10 during operation installations at partial loads are carried out by adjusting the rotational speed 12 along the actual pitch of the screw. The signal of the equalizer 12 is fed through the scaling element 14 to the input of the rotational speed control unit 9, correcting the position control signal of the shunting valve 11. As a result, the screw pitch control is performed at a constant screw rotation frequency set from the control knob acting on the frequency adjuster 8 rotation

If it is necessary to change the rotational speed of the propeller, depending on the conditions of navigation of the vessel, the setpoint generator 8 and further the control unit 9, the regulator 10 and the shunting valve 11 of the turbine unit 5 are affected. element 14. In the future, the control action of the modes of operation of the turbine unit complex — the screw of the adjustable spindle is carried out from one control knob acting on Occupancy step 1 in the full range of available loads, but a new predetermined constant value of the frequency of rotation of the propeller.

By means of the mastiffing element 14, the slope of the characteristic of the equalizer 12 is changed, and the functional element 13 provides a corrective action in order to achieve exactly

setpoint rotational speed of the screw. As a scaling element 14, known types of rotary transformers can be used, and a nonlinear functional element 13

can be made in the form of a cam of a variable profile, or an electric link consisting of unified functional electronic devices that implement typical non-linear dependencies.

At the nominal value of the speed of rotation of the propeller in the case of deep maneuvers, the turbine-screw complex can be overloaded by the torque. To limit overloads, a screw pitch corrector 7 is provided, which generates a correction signal in the control unit 2 of the rod. By reducing the screw speed relative to the nominal value in case of significant overloads, the correction signal

corrector 7 reduces the screw pitch set from the setpoint 1.

The proposed system provides an increase in the efficiency of the installation at partial loads, since by choosing a rational ratio of rotational speed and pitch of the screw, the minimum possible costs of steam per turbine unit are provided for a given operating mode of the installation.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The control system of the ship turbine unit with an adjustable pitch screw, comprising a screw pitch adjuster connected to the input of the pitch control unit, the output of which is connected to the pitch change mechanism, rotational frequency setter, connected to the input of the frequency control unit, the output of which is connected via the speed regulator a shunting valve, a rotation clock sensor connected to the controller, a rotation speed corrector, the input of which is connected to the schag changing mechanism, and a schaga corrector whose input is Inonii with tow vrtsscheni frequency, and the output - to the input of pitch control unit, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, in a non-linear functional unit introduced and scaling element in series, and the dial rotational speed is kinematically coupled to the input the nonlinear link, the output of the rotational speed corrector - with the input of the spacer element, and the output of the latter - with the input of the rotational speed control unit. Information sources, taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 383651, cl. B 63 N 21/22, 1970.