SU901520A1

SU901520A1 - Charging machine

Info

Publication number: SU901520A1
Application number: SU802921062A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Эдуард Сумбатович Мирзаев
Original assignee: Фрунзенский политехнический институт
Priority date: 1980-04-29
Filing date: 1980-04-29
Publication date: 1982-01-30

Description

Изобретение относится к горной промышленности, а именно к зарядным устройствам, используемым при механизации взрывных работ и может найти широкое применение для приготовления и заряжания нисходящих скважин простейшими низкоплотными взрывчатыми веществами (ВВ) при разработке и эксплуатации рудных и нерудных место· рождений полезных ископаемых, строительстве автодорог и ирригационных сооружений.The invention relates to the mining industry, namely, chargers used in the mechanization of blasting and can be widely used for the preparation and loading of descending wells with the simplest low-density explosives (BB) in the development and operation of ore and non-metallic deposits of minerals, construction of roads and irrigation facilities.

Известны зарядные машины, предназначенные для приготовления ВВ с собственной плотностью более 1 г/см⁵, I включающие установленные на самоходном шасси бункеры сухих и жидких / компонентов BBi пневмодозатор, насосы и парогенератор, связанный трубопроводом со шнековым смесителем 01· ₃ Charging machines are known for the preparation of explosives with their own density of more than 1 g / cm ⁵ , I including dry and liquid bunkers / components BBi mounted on a self-propelled chassis pneumatic doser, pumps and a steam generator connected by a pipeline to a screw mixer 01 · ₃

Недостатком конструкции данных машин является невозможность их применения для получения низкоплотных ВВ на полистирольной основе, обуслоб2 ленная отсутствием узла вспенивания и обогащения полистирола окислителем. Известна зарядная машина, предназначенная для получения и заряжания скважин низкоплотными ВВ, включающая ⁵ установленные на самоходном шасси теплоизолированный бункер жидкого компонента, размещенную в нем барботажную камеру, связанную с емкостью для сухого компонента; лопастной съемник и.зарядное устройство 123.. Недостатком конструкции указанной зарядной машины является сложность конструкции барботажной камеры и ее регулировки, а также узлов ввода полистирола в раствор окислителя и выгрузки готового ВВ, кроме того, низкая производительность, обусловленная сложностью управления барбо₀ тажным процессом и длительностью пребывания гранул полистирола в растворе .A drawback of the design of these machines is the impossibility of their use to obtain low-density explosives on a polystyrene basis, due to the absence of a foaming and enrichment unit for polystyrene with an oxidizing agent. A known charging machine designed to receive and charge wells with low-density explosives, including ⁵ heat-insulated hopper of a liquid component mounted on a self-propelled chassis, a bubble chamber placed in it, connected with a container for a dry component; paddle puller and charging device 123 .. The disadvantage of the design of the specified charging machine is the complexity of the design of the bubble chamber and its adjustment, as well as the units for introducing polystyrene into the oxidizer solution and unloading the finished explosive, in addition, the low productivity due to the complexity of controlling the barbo ₀ process the duration of stay of polystyrene granules in solution.

Цель изобретения - упрощение конструкции и повышение производительности.The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design and increase productivity.

15201520

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что бункер жидких компонентов снабжен перфорированным отсекателем, а камера вспенивания выполнена в виде трубопровода, один конец .которого имеет выход в бункер жидких компонентов под отсекателем, а другой конец - над отсекателем.This goal is achieved by the fact that the hopper of the liquid components is equipped with a perforated cutter, and the foaming chamber is made in the form of a pipeline, one end of which has an exit to the hopper of liquid components under the cutter, and the other end is above the cutter.

На чертеже изображена схема зарядной машины.The drawing shows a diagram of a charging machine.

На самоходном шасси 1 автомашины установлен бункер 2 для жидкого компонента, выполненный с двойными теплоизолированными стенками 3, соединенными трубопроводом 4 через двухходовой кран 5 с выхлопной системой 6 двигателя внутреннего сгорания.On the self-propelled chassis 1 of the car, a hopper 2 for the liquid component is installed, made with double heat-insulated walls 3, connected by a pipe 4 through a two-way valve 5 to the exhaust system 6 of the internal combustion engine.

В бункере 2 выполнены заливочное окно 7 и окно 8 разгрузки, а в нижней части его ~ выпускное окно 9, которое через гидронасос 10 с инжекторным узлом 11 соединено с камерой 12 вспенивания, выполненной в виде теплоизолированного трубопровода, сообщенного с верхней частью бункера 2 через окно 13 с заслонкой. Кроме того, камера 12 вспенивания через выпускное окно 14 с дроссельным клапаном 15 сообщена с емкостью 16 для сухого компонента, выполненной с загрузочным окном 17. В бункер 2 встроены узел 18 автоматического регулирования температурного режима и концентрации раствора окислителя, отвекатель 19, перфорированный отверстиями диаметром 2~3 мм, а симметрично разгрузочному окну 8 встроен калорифер 20 для ческой выгрузки готового кость-накопитель 21.*In the hopper 2, a filling window 7 and an unloading window 8 are made, and in the lower part it is an outlet window 9, which is connected to the foaming chamber 12 through a hydraulic pump 10 with an injection unit 11, made in the form of a heat-insulated pipeline communicated with the upper part of the hopper 2 through the window 13 with a shutter. In addition, the foaming chamber 12 through the outlet window 14 with a throttle valve 15 is in communication with a dry component container 16 made with a loading window 17. An automatic control unit 18 for temperature and concentration of the oxidizing agent solution is integrated in the hopper 2, a deflector 19, perforated with holes with a diameter of 2 ~ 3 mm, and a heater 20 is integrated symmetrically to the unloading window 8 for the unloading of the finished bone-drive 21.

Емкость-накопитель 21 _ ______...Storage capacity 21 _ ______...

ным люком 22 сообщена с рабочей емкостью бункера 2 через разгрузочное окно 8, а при помощи выпускного люка 23 и шиберного затвора 24 - со шнековой подачей 25 зарядного устройства 26. Шнеки 25 подачи зарядного устройства 26 связаны с гидромотором 27, которые через делитель 28 потока, крана 29 управления сис-. темы трубопровода 30 соединены с системой 31 лопастного насоса и маслобака. Ситема 31 посредством коробки 32 отбора мощности соединена с двигателем автомобиля 1. Управление процессами приготовления низкоплот- ^;ного ВВ и заряжания скважин производится с пульта 33 управления, установленного в кабине автомобиля 1.hatch 22 communicates with the working capacity of the hopper 2 through the discharge window 8, and with the help of the outlet hatch 23 and the slide gate 24 - with the screw feed 25 of the charger 26. The screws 25 of the charger 26 are connected to the hydraulic motor 27, which through the flow divider 28, crane 29 control system. pipeline threads 30 are connected to a vane pump and oil tank system 31. The system 31 by means of the power take-off box 32 is connected to the engine of the car 1. Control of low-density cooking processes ^; new explosives and loading wells is carried out with the remote control 33 installed in the cab of car 1.

пневмати0В в емс аварийΙΟpneumatics 0V to EMC ΙΟ

ISIS

Зарядная машина работает следующим образом.Charging machine operates as follows.

В бункер 2 через загрузочное окно 7 заливается горячий раствор окислителя (например, аммиачной селитры) . Температура раствора в бункере 2 поддерживается выхлопными газами, поступающими от выхлопной системы 6 двигателя внутреннего сгорания в пространство между стенками 3. По достижении температуры 11Ο115° С и соответствующей концентрации раствора окислителя, водитель с пульта 33 управления включает гидросистему 31 лопастного насоса, коробку 32 отбора мощности и закачивает масло й трубопровод 30 (лопастной насос совмещен с маслобаком). Масло по трубопроводу 30 поступает в гидронасос 10, приводя его в рабочее состояние. Гидронасос 10 подает раствор окислителя из бункера 2 в узел 11 инжектирования, который реакти вной струей вносит гранулы полистирола, поступающие из емкости 16 через дроссельный клапан 15 в непрерывный поток, проходящий по камере 12 вспенивания, в котором вспениваются, обволакиваются и затем выносятся на поверхность отсекателя 19- Заслонка окна 13 силой потока, созданного в камере 12 вспенивания гидронасосом 10, выдавливается вовнутрь емкости 2.A hot solution of an oxidizing agent (for example, ammonium nitrate) is poured into the hopper 2 through the loading window 7. The temperature of the solution in the hopper 2 is maintained by the exhaust gases coming from the exhaust system 6 of the internal combustion engine into the space between the walls 3. Upon reaching a temperature of 11-115 ° C and the corresponding concentration of the oxidizing solution, the driver from the control panel 33 turns on the hydraulic system 31 of the vane pump, the power take-off box 32 and pumps the oil pipe 30 (the vane pump is combined with the oil tank). Oil through the pipeline 30 enters the hydraulic pump 10, bringing it into working condition. The hydraulic pump 10 delivers the oxidizing agent solution from the hopper 2 to the injection unit 11, which injects polystyrene granules coming from the tank 16 through the throttle valve 15 into a continuous stream passing through the foaming chamber 12, in which they foam, envelop and then are brought to the surface of the cutter 19- The shutter of the window 13 by the force of the flow created in the chamber 12 of foaming by the hydraulic pump 10 is squeezed into the inside of the container 2.

При работе устройства в непрерывном потоке (режиме) на отсекателе 19 собирается вспененный и насыщенный полистирол с плотностью 0.,1-0,3 г/см, который с помощью калорифера 20 через разгрузочное окно 8 выгружается из емкости 2 в емкость-накопитель 21 с аварийным люком 22. Из емкости-накопителя 21 вспененный и обогащенный полистирол, т.е. готовое ВВ, через выпускной люк 23, шиберные затворы 24 чу 25 поступает в во 26.When the device is operating in a continuous flow (mode) on the cutter 19, foamed and saturated polystyrene with a density of 0., 1-0.3 g / cm is collected, which is unloaded from the tank 2 into the storage tank 21 s through the unloading window 8 emergency hatch 22. From the storage tank 21, expanded and enriched polystyrene, i.e. finished explosives, through the exhaust hatch 23, slide gate 24 chu 25 enters in 26.

Шнековая подача действие системой с маслобаком, режим которой регулируется с помощью крана 29 управления и делителя 28 потока.The screw feed is operated by a system with an oil tank, the mode of which is regulated by a control valve 29 and a flow divider 28.

Выполнение камеры вспенивания в виде теплоизолированного трубопровода, сообщенного с бункером жидкого компонента посредством окон, выполненных на разных уровнях по высоте, позволяет получить замкнутый поток, в котором гранулы полистирола, наи шнековую подазарядное устройст25 приводится в лопастного насоса ходясь в трубопроводе, одновременно движутся, вспениваются и обогащаются, что сокращает время на получение готового ВВ, упрощает узел выгрузки его, не требует процесса регулирования приготовлением ВВ, упрощается конструкция зарядной машины. Предлагаемая зарядная машина позволяет получать ВВ с изменяющейся плотностью в пределах-0,15”0,3 г/см* без изменения концентрации раствора окислителя и повысить производительность зарядной машины в 2 раза.The implementation of the foaming chamber in the form of a thermally insulated pipeline, connected with the hopper of the liquid component through windows made at different levels in height, allows to obtain a closed flow in which polystyrene granules and the screw charging device25 are brought into the vane pump while walking in the pipeline, simultaneously moving, foaming and enriched, which reduces the time to obtain the finished explosives, simplifies the unit of unloading it, does not require the process of regulation of the preparation of explosives, simplifies the design charge th cars. The proposed charging machine allows you to get explosives with a varying density in the range of 0.15 ”0.3 g / cm * without changing the concentration of the oxidizing solution and increase the productivity of the charging machine by 2 times.

Claims

The invention relates to the mining industry, namely to charging devices used in the mechanization of blasting operations and can be widely used for the preparation and charging of downhole wells with the simplest low density explosives (CENTURIES) in the development and operation of ore and non-metallic mineral deposits, construction of roads and irrigation facilities. Charging machines are known for preparing explosives with an intrinsic density of more than 1 g / s, including dry and liquid explosive bins mounted on a self-propelled chassis, a pneumatic dispenser, a pump and a steam generator connected by pipeline with a screw mixer). The disadvantage of the design of these machines is the impossibility of their use for obtaining low-density explosives on a polystyrene basis, due to the absence of a foaming unit and the enrichment of polystyrene with an oxidizing agent. The known charging machine designed to receive and charge wells is low-density and explosive, including a thermally insulated liquid component hopper mounted in a self-propelled chassis, housed in a brewing chamber connected to a container for the dry component; paddle puller and 123-charge device. A disadvantage of the design of this charging machine is the complexity of the design of the bubbling chamber and its adjustment, as well as the input units of polystyrene into the oxidizing solution and discharge of the finished B, besides, low productivity due to the difficulty of managing the bubbling the process and duration of stay of the polystyrene granules in the solution. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design and increase productivity. The goal is achieved by the fact that the bunker of liquid components is equipped with a perforated shutter and the foaming chamber is designed as a pipeline, one end of which has access to the bunker of liquid components under the shut-off device, and the DRUGE end is above the shut-off device. The drawing shows a diagram of a charging machine. On the self-propelled chassis 1 of the motor vehicle, there is a bunker 2 for the liquid component, made with double heat-insulated walls 3 connected by pipelines through a two-way valve 5 with the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine. In the bunker 2, a filling window 7 and an unloading window 8 are made, and in the lower part of it is an outlet window 9, which is connected to the foaming chamber 12 in the form of a thermally insulated pipe connected to the upper part of the bunker 2 through a hydraulic pump 10 with an injection unit 11. through the window 13 with the flap. In addition, the foaming chamber 12 through the outlet port 1 with the throttle valve 15 communicates with the container for the dry component, made with the loading window 17. The automatic temperature control unit 18 is integrated into the hopper 2 and. The concentration of the oxidizer solution, the spreader 19, perforated with holes of 2-3 mm diameter, and a heater 20 for the pneumatic discharge of the finished explosive in the storage tank 21.i are built in symmetrically to the discharge window 8. The storage tank 21 with the emergency hatch 22 is connected to the working capacity of the hopper 2 through the discharge port 8, and with the help of the exhaust hatch 23 and the sliding gate 2k - with the auger feed 25 of the charging device 26. The augers 25 of the feeding of the charging device 26 are connected to the hydraulic motor 27, which through the divider 2 flows . The topics of the pipeline 30 are connected to the system 31 of the blade pump and the tank mass, the System 31 is connected via a power take-off box 32 to the engine of the car 1. The control of the low-density heat generator preparation and borehole charging is performed from the control panel 33 installed in the cab of the car 1, the car charge works as follows. A hot oxidizer solution is poured into the bunker 2 through the charging port 7 (for example, amylamine nitrate). The temperature of the solution in the bunker 2 is maintained by exhaust gases coming from the exhaust system 6 of the internal combustion engine into the space between the walls 3. When the temperature reaches 110115 C and the corresponding concentration of the oxidant solution, the driver from the control panel 33 switches on the hydraulic system 31 of the propeller pump, the power take-off box 32 and pumps the oil and pipeline 30 (the blade pump is combined with the oil tank). The oil through the pipeline 30 enters the hydraulic pump 10, driving it to the operating state. The hydraulic pump 10 supplies the oxidizer solution from the hopper 2 to the injection unit 11, which introduces polystyrene granules coming from the tank 16 through the throttle valve 15 into a continuous stream passing through the foaming chamber 12, in which it foams, are enveloped and then blown away. the surface of the shutter 19. The flap of the window 13 by the flow force created in the foaming chamber 12 by the hydraulic pump 10 is squeezed into the inside of the container 2. When the device is operated in a continuous flow (mode), the froth collector 19 collects foam and is saturated polystyrene with a density of 0., 1-0.3 g / cm, which with the help of the heater 20 through the discharge window 8 is discharged from the tank 2 into the tank-accumulator 21 with the emergency hatch 22. From the tank-21, foamed and enriched polystyrene, those. the finished explosive, through the exhaust port 23, the slide gates 2 and the screw feed 25 enters the charging device 2b. The screw feed 25 is driven by a vane pump system with an oil tank, the mode of which is regulated by means of a control valve 29 and a flow divider 28. Making the foaming chamber in the form of a thermally insulated pipeline connected to the liquid component hopper by means of windows made at different levels in height makes it possible to obtain a closed stream in which the polystyrene granules, at .59 flow in the pipeline, simultaneously move, foam and enrich, which reduces the time required to receive the finished explosives, simplifies the site of unloading it, does not require the regulation process of preparing explosives, simplifies the design of the charging machine. The proposed machine makes it possible to obtain explosives with a varying density in the range of 0-15-0.3 g / cm without changing the concentration of the oxidizer solution and the productivity of the charging machine by a factor of 2. Claims of the Invention The machine is equipped with self-propelled chassis mounted hoppers of dry and liquid components Blast 06 substances, a foaming chamber, screw-driven feeders, software and a charging device, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design and increase productivity, the liquid bunker The components are provided with a perforated shutter, and the foaming chamber is made in the form of a pipeline, one end of which has an outlet to the bunker of liquid components under the shut-off device, and the other end above the shut-off device. Sources of information, rintye taken into account in the examination 1. Authorskoy certificate of the USSR, cl. E 21 C 37/00, 1973.

2. USSR author's certificate of application No., cl. E21 C 37/00, 1978 (prototype).