SU901496A1 - Impact device - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE OF SHOCK ACTION

one

The invention relates to a percussion device and can be used, in particular, for the crushing of oversized rock.

A percussion device is known, in the casing of which there is a moving piston in the axial direction 5 that separates the casing space into the combustion chamber and the buffer chamber where the shank of the working tool 1 is located.

The buffer chamber of this device is filled with compressed gas from a source of gas under pressure through an intermediate chamber, while the energy of the exhaust gases generated in the combustion chamber is emitted into the atmosphere without performing useful work.

Therefore, the efficiency of such a device is relatively low.

The closest to the present invention is a percussion device comprising a cylinder with an intermediate chamber adjacent to it, communicated with a source of compressed gas, an axially movable firing pin located in the cylinder, and forming with it a combustion chamber connected to the fuel supply system and buffer chamber communicated with intermediate

camera, the shank of the working tool and a movable element located in the buffer chamber 2.

In this device, the movable element is made in the form of a partition mounted for axial movement relative to the shank. As a result, it is possible to vary the volume of the buffer chamber and increase the impact power of the device.

However, with such a constructive solution, a part of the energy accumulated by the piston bolster is spent on burning air in the buffer chamber, which is necessary for the piston to return to its original position after impact. Ultimately, the impact energy of the striker decreases.

In addition, after exhausting the piston, exhaust energy is not used to do useful work, such as returning a piston, but is discharged into the atmosphere. This is negatively related to the economy of the device.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the impact energy and efficiency of the device.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the movable element located in the buffer chamber is designed as a spring-loaded

from the side of the tool shank and having radial openings of the sleeve, interacting with the piston brisk and providing periodic connection of the buffer chamber with the combustion chamber through the intermediate chamber and the bypass valve installed in the combustion chamber.

In this case, the intermediate chamber communicates with a source of compressed gas through a check valve.

The drawing schematically shows the proposed device, a General view.

The device comprises a cylinder 1, in which an axially movable piston-hammer 2 is placed, interacting with the shank 3 of the working tool 4. The piston hammer 2 divides the space of cylinder I into a combustion chamber 5 connected to the fuel supply system 6 operatively connected via an automatic block 7 control with working tool 4, and a buffer chamber 8, in which there is a shank 3 of this working tool 4.

In the buffer chamber 8, an axially movable sleeve 9 is installed, loaded on one side by a spring 10 and cooperating with the other side with a hammer-die 2. This sleeve 9 has radial holes 11, through which it provides a periodic connection of the buffer chamber 8 to the combustion chamber 5 through its bypass valve 12, the intermediate chamber 13 adjacent to the cylinder 1, and the channel 14 in the wall of the buffer chamber 8.

The combustion chamber 5 has exhaust ports 15 and through the purge valve 16 periodically communicates with a source (not shown) of compressed air. An intermediate chamber 13 is also connected to the same source of compressed air through a check valve 17, which communicates the chamber 13 with a source of compressed air during device start-up and shuts it off during the supply of exhaust gases from the combustion chamber 5 to the buffer chamber 8.

The device works as follows.

At the initial moment of operation, compressed air from a source (not shown) through the valve 17, the intermediate chamber 13, the channel 14, the radial holes 11 of the sleeve 9 enters the buffer chamber 8 and displaces the piston piston 2 towards the combustion chamber 5. As it moves, the spring 10 moves the sleeve 9 towards the striker 2, blocking the radial channel 14 and shutting off the compressed air supply to the buffer chamber 8.

At the moment of blocking the exhaust piston 2 with the exhaust piston 15 in the combustion chamber 5, the air is compressed to the pressure required for auto-ignition of the fuel supplied to the combustion chamber 5 using the fuel system 6, and the buffer chamber 8 at this time through the exhaust ports 15 communicated with the atmosphere.

During the combustion of fuel in the chamber 5, the expanding gases move the piston chucks 2 towards the shank 3 of the tool 4,

the bypass valve 12 is activated and the exhaust gases enter the intermediate chamber 13, and the remainder of the burned gases through the exhaust ports 15 is discharged to the atmosphere by blowing the combustion chamber 5 with a fresh portion of compressed air coming from the source through the purge valve 16, which only works if when the pressure in the combustion chamber 5 is equal to atmospheric.

Piston head 2, moving to the right

(according to the drawing), seizes the sleeve 9, moves it so that the radial holes 11 coincide with the channel 14, as a result of which the exhaust gases from the intermediate chamber 13 are pumped into the buffer chamber 8. This leads to the fact that the gas pressure in this chamber increases sharply As a result, the piston head 2 after striking the shank 3 of the working tool 4 reverses under the influence of this pressure. In the following, the cycle repeats.

An increase in the energy of a single blow is possible by reducing the braking path of the piston-rebate 2. The energy accumulated by it is used exclusively to perform useful work (without the expense of compressing air in the buffer chamber), and the striker returns with the help of exhaust pressure. Due to this, it is possible to increase the impact energy and efficiency of the device.

Claims (2)

1. A percussion device comprising a cylinder with an intermediate chamber adjacent to it, communicated with a source of compressed gas, an axially movable firing pin located in the cylinder and forming with it a combustion chamber connected to the fuel supply system, and a buffer chamber communicated with intermediate chamber, the shank of the working tool and the movable element located in the buffer chamber, characterized in that, in order to increase the impact energy and efficiency of the device, the movable element in the buffer chamber configured as a spring-supported by the tool shank and having a radial openings of the sleeve, which has the ability to interact with the piston brisk and provides periodic connection of the buffer Kaiviepbi with the combustion chamber through the intermediate chamber and the relief valve, which is installed in the combustion chamber. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate chamber is in communication with a source of compressed gas through a check valve. Information sources, taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 381763, cl. E 21 C 37/14, 1972. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 746105, cl. E 21 C 3/06, 1977 (prototype).