SU901408A1 - Method for conducting earth moving operations in laying pipelines - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to earthworks during the construction and repair of large diameter pipelines.

There is a known land reclamation method, which includes removing fertile soil, moving it to the temporary storage heap and returning the soil to the construction strip 1.

All technological operations of this method are carried out by bulldozers. The most labor-intensive ones (removing, moving to the dump and returning the soil) are carried out by powerful bulldozers, and low-power bulldozers are used in auxiliary preparatory work.

The closest technical solution to the present invention is a method of conducting earthworks during the construction of trunk pipelines, including removing fertile soil from the roadway and moving it to the dump, excavating the soil from the trench with a trencher and laying the soil into the pipeline, dumping it with soil , return to the strip of excess soil and fertile soil and their leveling.

In this method, the soil displaced by the pipeline is spread over the entire recultivation strip and is covered from above with a layer previously removed from this strip and the fertile soil transferred to the dump 2.

5The disadvantages of this method are

in that the soil disrupts the entire reclamation strip and is twice moved by cyclical masks, causing a low productivity of reclamation works due to idle passes. With an increase in the diameter of the pipeline, the volume of soil displaced by the pipeline increases, the reclamation bandwidth increases, the volume and distance of soil transportation increases, which reduces

15 productivity and increases the complexity of the work.

Claims (2)

At the same time, the quality of the fertile layer is not fully restored, since up to 25-30% of fertile soil is lost during transportation and therefore the thickness of the restored layer is reduced. With this method, it is practically impossible to ensure a uniform thickness of the soil layer to be restored. As a result, during agricultural work there is an excessive mixing of the soil with the soil, which is confirmed by lightening the color of the soil over the constructed pipelines. The aim of the method is to reduce the labor intensity of earthworks and improve the quality of the reclamation of the strip. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of conducting earthworks during the construction of trunk pipelines, including the removal of fertile soil from the track strip and mixing it into a heap, excavating trench from the trench and laying it into the heap, filling the soil trench of the pipeline, returning the fertile soil to the strip of excess soil and leveling it, behind the soil, the pipeline into the trench leads to the level of the lower boundary of the fertile soil layer, then return the fertile soil to the strip, vnivayut excess soil on the soil, and then stir under a layer of soil layer fertile soil by plowing. FIG. 1-3 shows the operation of the method. The method is carried out as follows. The fertile soil layer (Fig. 1) is bulldozed on a strip 1, wide enough for an excavator to pass through, which is used for the subsequent development of trench 2 under pipeline 3, mounted on the edge of the trench after removing the soil and transported to dump 4, located at a distance of providing installation work. Pa soil surface 5 has a soil dump 6. After laying the pipeline 3 in trench 2 and filling it with soil from dump 6 with compaction to the lower border 7 of fertile layer, return fertile soil from dump 4 to strip 1 of reclamation, level and plan, partially compact a bulldozer, and the remaining soil of the blade b is leveled over the soil surface with an even layer 8. After that, the area covered with a layer of 8 soil is plowed with a dump plow with a skimmer, for example, ПЧЯ-2-50 with a plowing depth of 50 cm to a depth of 7 cl fertile soil by stacking a layer of soil below the soil layer fertile (FIG. 3). For this, the cutting depth of the skimmer is set to not less than the thickness of layer 8. The proposed method allows replacing most of the unproductive bulldozer works by a less labor-intensive, continuous and efficient process, plowing, excluding, transporting the soil to the dump, which significantly reduces the labor intensity of the earthworks. The volume of work on the removal and movement of soil is minimized and practically does not depend on the diameter of the pipeline. The fertile layer is removed from the strip 3.5–4 m instead of 10.5–13 m with the existing method of constructing pipelines of diameters 1020– 1420 mm. With a strip width of 3.5 m, the application volume of heavy bulldozers is reduced by 67-78% for the mentioned pipe diameters. This is equivalent to an increase in the rate of earthwork by 3 times, and productivity by 2-3 times. A low-power bulldozer can replace a more powerful power dozer with a capacity of 300-400 l. with. used in the existing method. This improves the quality of soil restoration, as the volume and extent of soil disturbance in the construction strip is reduced. Soil losses are eliminated or reduced. It creates the possibility of full restoration of fertile soil without exporting it beyond the construction strip of mineral soil displaced by the pipeline. Conditions are created for the restoration of the fertile layers by the landowners themselves by their agricultural machinery, which simultaneously with the land reclamation process allows for work to improve the productivity of the soil, for example, tillage, additional fertilization, gypsum or liming. Obviously, the proposed method does not exclude the possibility of laying the dump of fertile soil in one direction with the dump of mineral soil currently used along with the placement of the dumps of mineral soil and soil on opposite sides of the trench. The invention method of land work in the construction of trunk pipelines, including the removal of fertile soil from the strip of the route and moving it to the dump, excavating the trench from the trench and laying the soil in the dump, filling the pipeline laid in the trench with soil, returning to the strip of soil and fertile soil and their leveling, characterized in that, in order to reduce the labor intensity of earthworks and improve the quality of the recultivation of the strip, backfilling of the soil m The lower boundary of the fertile soil layer, then fertile soil is returned to the strip, the soil is leveled, and then the soil layer is transferred under the fertile soil layer by plowing. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. PP Wartkin and others. The construction of trunk pipelines. M .. "Nedra, 1977. s901408 2. Typical technological charts of naprovodov with a diameter of 1020-1420 mm in the recultivation of the fertile soil layer of the most significant conditions. M., "Orggazstroy, during the construction of trunk pipes, 1975, p. 9-18 (prototype). 1   one S / / (x2 Cpue.S