SU898989A1 - Device for thrashing standing crops - Google Patents

Description

panicles, as the strength of a plant in this direction is significantly less than on stretching. The combed grains flying from the brush with a high speed hit the back wall of the receiving chamber at a large angle and therefore are damaged. The disadvantages of the device in question should also include the fact that the design of the combing device does not provide for changing its main parameters depending on the properties and condition of the crop being harvested.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the loss of grain and straw impurities in the heap.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the brushes are fixed on the drum by means of brackets with the possibility of moving in the radial direction and changing the angle of inclination relative to this direction. In addition, the cross-section of the front wall of the receiving chamber is made according to the curve described by the equation.

l -arccos -h arccos-§ttde -gn Xllll ir -Sf Vfo -R2 - R-tg

where R is the radius of the stripping drum but the ends of the brushes; ° C is the angle between the grain velocity vector and the tangent to the curve (angle of incidence);

I) The polar coordinates of the starting point of the curve; Г; eup-polar coordinates of an arbitrary point of the curve. In addition, the rear wall of the receiving chamber is made with a lattice window. And also, in order to increase the air flow, additional blades are mounted on the brackets.

Such an embodiment of the device provides paspyujeHHe bonds between the grain and the whisk when thrashing due to the directed impact-impulse effects on each of them from the villus side of the elastic-elastic brushes, rotating upwards. Flat brushes assembled from thin steel wires are fixed on the beams of two crosses so that, if necessary, you can change the diameter of the combing drum and the angle of the brushes. Such a design of the combing drum makes it possible to use it on different stalks of height and cultures of different condition and properties. Thus, if a mild impact on the plant is required, the brushes are deflected backwards with respect to the direction of rotation. If the panicles (spike) require a "hard action," the brushes are tilted forward in the course of rotation. The front wall of the receiving chamber for the complete collection of threshing products in cross-section across the entire width is made in such a curve that the grains brushed by brushes hit its surface at the same angle

after reflection they form a directional flow. The value of the angle of incidence of the grain on the surface of the front wall is chosen from the condition of its non-destruction upon impact with it.

For rice, for example, R 0.35 m,,, 60 m, So 0 ° are preferable, and therefore takes the form, glad.

, 0377-tarccos ML .- «- tn (, 1225-0.35) (About« Ch-5 51/2)

As the grain reaches the rear wall of the receiving chamber at high speed, this part of the chamber is covered with a viscous material (for example, polyethylene film) from inside to reduce injury to the grain and to absorb the kinetic energy of the grains when it collides with it. To reduce grain losses in the field, the air flow generated by the combing drum is increased by using additional blades attached to it. At the same time, the lattice window for setting the air out of the receiving chamber is set slightly higher than the axis of the drum in the rear part, which gives the air flow the direction necessary for transporting the grains.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a general view; FIG. 2 - section A - A in FIG. one.

Claims (2)

The device for threshing plants on the vine contains flat brushes 1, which from the ends are attached to the beams of two crosses 2 together with blades 3 using brackets 4 by means of clamps 5 and nuts 6. On the beams of crosses 2 and brackets 4 there are drilling for bolts 7 and 8 to change the diameter of the combing drum. Moreover, grooves 9 are cut through the bolts 8 on the brackets 4 along the arc of a circle, which makes it possible to vary the angle of inclination of the brushes back and forth relative to the radial direction. The front wall 10 of the receiving chamber has a movable visor 11, in the lower part of the rear wall of the chamber there is a lattice window 12 for exiting the air flow generated by the drum and giving it the desired direction. To reduce the damage and damping of the speed of the grain when it hits the back wall of the chamber, the latter is covered with a viscous material 13 from the inside. Behind the combing drum, there is a cutter 14, which excludes the possibility of the grain getting back to the brushes. The front part of the receiving chamber is fixed to the fixed rear part of the chamber by means of a hinge 15, which allows, if necessary, to bring it closer or away from the combing drum. At the bottom of the receiving chamber, a cheek 16 is installed, feeding a pile of grain to the inclined conveyor 17 connected to the hopper 18. In front of the support wheel 19, a cutting device 20 is installed to cut combed plants. The device operates as follows: The standing plants are threshed with brushes 1 rotating upwards. Products thrashing, hitting the front wall 10 of the receiving chamber, are reflected and picked up by the air flow created by the combing drum, on which additional blades 3 are provided to enhance this flow. The peeled plants are cut by the cutting apparatus 20 and laid in a swath. The movable visor 11 is installed at the height of the stem. The diameter of the combing drum is also selected according to the height of the stem (for low-growing plants it decreases, and for long-stem plants it increases). The position of the brushes relative to the radial direction may vary depending on the ripeness of the crop being harvested. The use of the proposed plant for threshing plants on the root provides the following advantages: the resulting grain heap contains more free grains and less straw impurities, since the soft brushes affect the panicles from the bottom up, destroying mostly only spikelets; a significant reduction in injuries, as well as losses of grain from under-ground and losses in the field of free grain due to the design features of the combing drum and the receiving chamber of the device; its applicability for threshing on the root of plants with unequal in height stem. The device can be used both as an independent device and as a molter of the cleaning unit, which will significantly increase productivity and improve quality performance. Claim 1. Device for threshing of plants at the root, containing an axle-mounted and drive-driven stripping drum with elastic-elastic brushes, a receiving chamber with a front wall and a slam-shut, and an unloading mechanism, in order to reduce grain losses and the content of straw impurities in the pile, the brushes are fixed on the drum by means of brackets with the ability to move in the radial direction and change the angle of inclination relative to this direction. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-section of the front wall of the receiving chamber is located along the curve described by the equation, Uf -TJ-R-tcU op cf -arccos-i-arc.cos- --tt o (.- en-i 2 r--2, ° fo Vr Z -R -R-tg where R is the radius of the stripping drum at the ends of the brushes; оС is the angle between the grain velocity vector and the tangent to the curve (angle of incidence); the polar coordinates of the starting point curve; Г, 9 - polar coordinates of an arbitrary point of the curve. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to increase the air flow, additional blades are installed on the brackets 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear wall of the receiving chamber is made with a grid window Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1.Article of the USSR No. 600981, cl. A 01 D 41/08, 1975 . 2. US patent number 2853845, cl. 56-128, 1958 (prototype). // x “; xSy "X: W5JC y; 55 3 FIG. I