SU897127A1 - Method of fighting soil dehydration and erosion - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD OF STRUGGLE AGAINST EMISSION AND SOIL Erosion

I

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods for combating soil drying and erosion.

Methods are known for combating water erosion of soil, consisting in shallow plowing with the formation of closed recesses accumulating moisture in the subsoil horizon by pining 1.

A disadvantage of the known methods of combating soil erosion in areas of insufficient wetting with rough terrain is the low agrophysical qualities of the soil due to the uneven distribution of fertilizers and the limited permeability of the compacted walls of the subsurface holes.

There is also a known method for combating the drying and wind erosion of the soil, which consists of tilting, plowing and fertilizing, and mulching the upper layer of soil by rolling with subsequent spring loosening 2.

However, this method has low efficiency due to the low permeability of the compacted surface layer and the bottom of the sorozda with moisture dissolved in mineral fertilizers.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the processing efficiency and the agrophysical qualities of the soil by increasing the moisture permeability of the soil and improving the distribution of fertilizers under the arable horizon. This goal is achieved by the fact that, simultaneously with the development of the subsurface holes, intermittent surface ridges and surface wells are formed, and at least 3/4 of the mass of the ridges is used to mulch the upper layer.

ten

The drawing shows a flat cutter for carrying out the proposed method.

Simultaneously with the work of the subsurface holes, the ridges 1 and surfaces form, §. Holes 2 by vibration, and mulching the topsoil by milling ridges. At the same time, rain and thawed waters penetrate into the arable layer through the mulch layer 3, the surface wells and the fertilizer layer 4, dissolve

The iO fertilizers are guided by the walls of the subsurface holes 5 into the subsurface horizon and evenly saturate it with moisture and fertilizers. Mulch layer 3 soil.

It prevents the rise of moisture to the surface and its evaporation. .

The flat cutter is provided with spring-loaded support wheels 6, legs 7 and a milling cutter 8. The legs 7 form subsoil holes 5 and surface ridges 1 and holes 2. The flat-cut legs 7 perform a complicated movement: transfer () more than one unit and reciprocating in the vertical direction in the mode of self-oscillations under the action of spring-loaded support wheels 6 and variable resistance of the soil in the depth of loosening. The ridges 1 are formed by displacing the surface. layer in the direction of movement of the unit at the stage of raising the paws 7 with the frame 8 around the hinge 9, and the subsurface holes 5 - at the stage of lowering. The milling cutter 10 performs cutting, grinding and scattering of soil from the ridges 1 (into the mulch layer 3). The cutter is driven from the tractor's power take-off shaft. Fertilizers are applied to layer 4; by means of a crush 11.

The use of the proposed tool makes it possible to improve the quality of tillage, increase the water permeability by 21-33%, the uniform distribution of fertilizer over the horizons by 17-22%, the thickness of the moistened soil layer from 85-100 cm to 125-145 cm and obtain technical economic effect of 1.5 thousand rubles. per 1000 hectares of land and bring scientific and technological progress in the industry.

Claims (2)

1. Author's certificate of the USSR 324964, cl. A 01 B 13/16, 1970. 2. USSR author's certificate 3,92898, cl. A 01 B 79/00, 1968.