SU891116A1 - Filter for cleaning natural and waste water - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to devices for the illumination of natural and afterpurification of wastewater, which can be used in hoe drinking water and industrial water supply.

Filters for natural and wastewater sources are known, including a cortus with a granular FCP with a loading load, in the lower part of which drainage pipes are located (tapes connected by a common collector, supply pipes and discharge pipelines. The filtering process on known filters is carried out in the direction from above - down 1.

However, these filters are characterized by insufficient reliability and efficiency. This is due to the fact that when the filter is in operation, the surface and the first top loading layer, consisting of the smallest grains, accounts for the bulk of the coagulated contaminants. As a result, in the process of the filter cycle, the top layer of the load is gradually transformed into a mass of b by its properties to the monolith, the pressure loss in the load begins to sharply

grow. An additional air blockage occurs in the load, which is a consequence of the discharge (vacuum) that occurs under the upper silted layer.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a filter for the purification of natural and waste waters, including a housing with a granular filter charge, in the lower part of which there are drainage system pipes combined by a common

10 manifold, filter drain pipe, fitted with a water seal 2.

However, the known construction of the filter does not fully ensure the reliability and efficiency of operation, since

15, a vacuum is formed at the end of the filter cycle in the batch, as a result of which, as a rule, there are periodic leakage of impurities into the filtrate.

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Claims (2)

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the filter by preventing the formation of a vacuum in the load during filtration. 3 The goal is achieved by the fact that a filter for the purification of natural and waste waters, comprising a granularly charged body, located in the lower part of the body of the drainage pipe, combined by a collector, and a pipeline for discharging the filter, which is provided with a chamber divided by a partition into two compartments, one of which is connected via a pipeline to a collector, and the second to a pipeline for draining the filtrate. Preferably, the upper edge of the septum is located above the load level by an amount determined from the ratio H (1.0-1.2), where H is the value of the excess of the edge of the partition in the chamber above the load level; Bcc, cc - initial pressure loss in the mill The drawing shows a filter, a longitudinal section. The filter consists of a housing 1 with a granular filtering load 2, in the lower part of which there are pipes of a drainage station 3, united by a common collector 4. Above loading 2 there are prefabricated troughs 5 connected to an open channel 6 to which chamber 7 adjoins 8 is divided into two compartments, of which compartment 9 is connected by pipeline 10 to collector 4, and compartment 11 is connected to pipeline 12 for removal of filtrate. The filter is equipped with a pipeline 13 for supplying wash water and a pipeline 14 for draining wash water. The operation of the filter is as follows. The cleaning process takes place with closed valves on pipelines 13 and 14. The treated water through channel 6 and chute 5 enters loading 2. Water clarified in the loading (filtrate) is collected by the drainage system 3 pipes into the collector 4 and further along pipeline 10 enters compartment 9 chambers 7, then, overflowing through the partition 8, enters the compartment AND, and through the pipeline 12 is discharged into the clean water tank. The proposed technical solution eliminates the formation of a vacuum in the load during filtration, which, c) significantly increases the reliability and efficiency of coopjoKeni. The location of the edge of the partition in the chamber below the loading level in the filter, or above the loading level by an amount less than results in clogging of the loading with air bubbles or when the filter is stopped. OR in the filtering process, and this contributes to the reduction of the filter cycle. On the contrary, the location of the septum edges in the chamber above the loading level in the filter by an amount exceeding i, 2 is impractical, since at the same height of the construction box there is a reduction in the duration of the filtration cycle due to faster achievement of the maximum head. At the end of the cycle cycle, the filter is flushed out. During the flushing process, the supply of the treated water is stopped, the valves on the pipelines 10 and 12 are closed and the valves on the pipelines 13 and 14 are opened. The washing water through the pipeline 13 enters the collector 4 and through the drainage pipes 3 - to weigh it. The contaminants separated from the loading grains when they are weighed, with a stream of rinsing water through the channels 5, enter the open channel 6 and then go through the pipeline 14 to the sewage system. Thus, the proposed device allows to increase the efficiency and reliability of operation by preventing the formation of a vacuum in the load. At the same time, the proposed device allows to reduce the cost of building clean water tanks by 1820%, since with pfiBHOM tank volumes it is possible to reduce the work ground, as a result of which the bottom of the tanks can be located at a higher level. Claim 1. Fnlter for natural and wastewater treatment, comprising a granularly charged body, drainage systems located in the lower part of the body, combined with a collector, and a filtrate pipe, characterized in that in order to increase the reliability and efficiency of the filler behind by preventing the formation of a vacuum in the load when filtered, it is provided with a chamber divided by a partition into two compartments, one of which is connected via a pipeline to a collector and the second to a pipeline for twater filtrate. 2. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper edge of the partition is located at the loading level by an amount determined from the ratio H - (1.0-1.2) Lamb 58911166 where H is the value of the excess edge of the re-1. V. Klko and A. Apelyshi. Cleaning towns above the level of loading; natural waters, M., 1971, p. 219.  initial head loss in load. Turchiiovich V.T. Water Supply Industrial Sources of Information, Leny Enterprises and Settlements, M., taken into account in examinations 1939, h. Ill p. 213.