SU888175A1 - Device for evaluating operator's skill - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR ASSESSING THE OPERATOR'S TRAINING

one

The invention relates to computing, in particular, to specialized computing means of processing input / information} is intended to assess the level of fitness of the operator according to the results of the analysis of his control actions. The device can be used as an integral part of the training equipment, as well as when creating recognition systems, monitoring and diagnostics.

A known device for evaluating operator fitness, containing a model of a control object, self-tuning channels of adjustable parameters, a multiplication unit, filters, a random signal generator, and an indicator l.

A disadvantage of the known device lies in its complexity and application possibilities only in stationary conditions. It uses the method of identi fi cation of the operator's activity, according to the results of which one can make a conclusion about his level of fitness. The absence of the analyzer necessitates the involvement of specialists for further analysis of the results in order to determine the level of fitness of the operator, which adversely affects the objectivity of the evaluation and the speed of the device.

The closest to the technical essence of the invention is a device for analyzing a sphygmogram containing an averaging unit, connected to an analysis unit, a curve shape, a display unit and a control unit, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the averaging unit and the display unit, the analyzer whose inputs are connected with the outputs of the averaging unit, and the output with the input of the indication unit, an individual setting unit, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the compensation input of the averaging unit and regulating m analyzer input, first

The input of the analysis unit, the shape of the curve and the input of the control unit, are connected to the input of the device, the differentiating unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the curve analysis unit, and the input to the input of the device 2.

25

This device diagnoses the physiological state of the operator according to the results of the angsis of the Nbi sphygmogram curve. As

30 features of curve shape are used.

highs and lows, areas with positive and negative derivatives.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the limited functionality due to the fact that it becomes practically inapplicable for analyzing random signals due to the inevitable increase in the number of features, which leads to an unacceptable complication of the analyzer. Therefore, this device can only be used for analyzing periodic signals or transients, limited in duration, and is unsuitable for analyzing long-lasting random signals, and in particular, signals of operator control actions.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device.

The goal is achieved in that the device containing the first counter, connected by the first input through a shaper and a differentiating element connected in series with the device input, the first output to the first inputs of the second and third counters, the second input to the first output of the control unit connected to the first input the second output of the first counter and the second input of the third counter, a display unit connected to the output of the analyzer, a calculator, rectifier, multichannel quantizer, four electrons ENT, two counters, a trigger, an AND element, the first key and second keys, the first input of each second key is connected to the first output of the first counter, the second input is the corresponding output of the multichannel quantizer, the third inputs of the other second keys and the corresponding input of the second element OR the fourth input - with the output of the AND element and the first inputs of the third and fourth elements OR, and the output with the first input of the first key, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third OR element, and the second input with the first input of the AND element, the second input of the control unit, the output of the fourth counter and the first input of the fifth counter connected by the second input to the output of the third element OR the output of the second element OR connected | to the third input of the control unit and to the first inputs of the trigger and the fourth counter to the second input the second inputs of the trigger and the element And the output of the first element OR, the inputs of which are connected to the corresponding output of the quantizer, connected by the first input through a rectifier and the second input directly to the input device a. The fourth input of the control unit is connected to the trigger output and the third input of the AND element, the second output is connected to the second input of the fourth OR element, which is connected to the third input of the first counter. The outputs of the second, third and fifth counters are connected to the inputs of the display unit and the calculator, the output of which is connected to the input of the analyzer.

FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the device, and FIG. Figure 2 shows the possible cases of the analyzed areas of the control electrograms; the operator’s actions and their analysis (here the following designations are used are control motion; frame background motion; cond. Corrective motion; case 1; 1, 0.1, ..., 5 - quantization levels).

A device for evaluating the fitness of the operator contains a multi-quantizer 1, rectifier 2, differentiating element 3, driver 4, counters 5-9, keys 10.11, element 12, trigger 13, elements OR 14-17, calculator 18, analyzer 19, the display unit 20 and the control unit 21, containing the keys 22,23 and the element And 24.

The multichannel quantizer 1 serves to divide the entire range of variation of the input signal amplitude into a selected odd number of quantization levels, upon reaching which the output of the corresponding channel of the quantizer produces a pulse indicating that the input signal passes through this level, regardless of the direction of its change. The number of quantization levels (quantizer channels 1) and quantization pitch are chosen so as to recognize selected allowable values of the amplitudes of the background and corrective movements.

A multichannel quantizer has n outputs and two inputs. The outputs of the even channels are connected to the corresponding inputs of the OR 14 element, the outputs of the odd channels are connected to the corresponding inputs of the keys 11 and the element OR 15. The first input of the quantizer connects the first three channels - 1.0 and 1 to the device input, and the second - channels 2.3 .., p-2 with rectifier 2 output, which serves for full-wave rectification of the input signal.

The differentiating element 3 is designed to obtain the derivative of the input signal, its output is connected to the input of the former 4.

Shaper 4 serves to issue a pulse at each change in the sign of the derivative, i.e. the transition of the derivative of the derivative to zero. Its output is connected to the first input of the counter 5.

Counter 5 is used to count the pulses arriving at its first

input from the driver 4, and the issuance of signals with the accumulation of three or shego pulses. The counter has a conversion factor of 6 and three inputs: the first input is the counting one, the second input is set to the three-unit recording position, connected to the first output of the control unit 21; the third zero reset input connected to the output of the element OR 17. Counter 5 has two potential outputs: the first output is the signal output when recording six units connected to the first inputs of counters 6 and 7 and keys, 11; the second is the signal output when recording three units, connected to the first input of the control unit 21 and the second input of the counter 7.

Counters 6,7 and 9 are designed to count the number of corresponding background, corrective and control movements. Their outputs are connected to the inputs of the calculator 18 and the display unit 20. Counter 6 has one counting input. Counters 7 and 9 each have two inputs: the first is reversible, the second is countable.

Counter 3 is designed to count the intersection pulses of the input signal of odd quantization levels and output a fill signal when it intersects one of the odd levels three times, while the other levels do not intersect. It is designed for three units and has one potential output and two inputs: the first is a zeroing input connected to the output of the element OR 15; the second is a counting input connected to the output of the OR element 14. The output of the counter 8 is connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit 21, the AND 12 element, the key 10 and the counter 9,

the key 10 serves to control the recording of pulses into the counter 9. It has one output connected to one of the inputs of the element OR 16 and two inputs: the first is connected to the outputs of the keys 11, the second - the lock input - to the output of the counter 8.

The keys 11, the number of which is equal to the number of odd-numbered channels of the quantizer 1, serve to control the passage by shifting pulses from the outputs of the odd-numbered channels of the quantizer to the input of the key 10. Each of them has one output and inputs: first input - unlock input; the second one is the direct input connected to the output of the corresponding odd channel of the quantizer 1; the third inputs are the blocking inputs connected to the outputs of the other odd channels of the quantizer; the fourth input is also a blocking input connected to the output of the element 12.

Element And 12 serves to emit a signal while receiving

at its inputs there are signals from the outputs of the element OR 14, the trigger switch 8 and the trigger 13. Its output is connected to the fourth input of the keys 11 and the outputs of the elements OR 16 and 17.

The trigger 13 serves to emit a signal at each even number of intersections by the input signal of any of the odd quantization levels. By counting input it is connected through the element OR 15

0 with all the odd channels of the quantizer 1, and the zeroing input through the element OR 14 with all the even channels. The output of the trigger 13 is connected to one of the inputs of the element OR 12 and

5 by the fourth input of the control unit 21.

The elements OR 14-17 are used as input expanders, respectively, of counter 8, trigger 13, counters 9 and 5, and also element 12 and

0 control unit 21.

The calculator 18 serves to determine the percentage of control, corrective, and background movements in the test signal of operator control actions. His exit

5 is connected to the analyzer 19.

Analyzer 19 serves to automatically estimate the level of fitness of an operator according to the percentage of components to be separated in its signal.

0 control actions.

The display unit 20 serves to display the results of the signal component counting and to assess the fitness level of the operator.

five

The control unit 21 serves to control the reset of the counter 5 and set it to the recording position of three units. It contains keys 22 and 23 and element 24.

0

The device works as follows.

The work is based on the method of component analysis of the signal of operator control actions, presupposed. Recognizing the recognition and counting of the characteristic components of a signal as separate deviations and oscillatory movements of a signal of various lengths during the analysis. To operator control signals

0 refers to signals that are usually taken from the control knob, as well as, in the case of control of an aircraft, from sensors of deflection angle of stabilizers, ailerons, rudder

5 and others. In the signals of operator control actions, in their electrograms, usually three components are distinguished: control, corrective, and background movements. When developing the device, the following definitions were adopted.

The control motion is the control action of the operator in the form of a deflection signal of a definite direction and amplitude, at which the signal intersects at least two selected quantization levels, which serve for discrete measurement of the amplitude of the input signal. The controlling movement / opposite direction to the previous one is considered new. A corrective movement can be superimposed on the controlling movement while the order of the control movement count does not change. After the background movement, any control that has been advanced to the movement, regardless of its direction, is considered new. The corrective motion is the short-term oscillatory part of the signal of the operator’s control actions, where the signal derivative changes sign from 3 to 5 times, while the amplitude of the signal itself does not intersect even two levels of quantization. Movement corrections are usually superimposed on the controller and can be registered one after the other if they are separated by at least one registered guideline with a quantization level. The background motion is assigned a long oscillatory portion of the signal of control actions of the operator, in which the derivative of the signal changes sign six or more times while the amplitude of the signal itself does not intersect even two levels of quantization. Background movement usually follows control movement, less often corrective movement, and does not follow each other. The input electrical signal is fed to the inputs - 1, O and 1 of the channels of the quantizer 1 directly, and to the inputs of the other channels through the rectifier 2, as well as through the element 3 and the driver 4 to the counting input of the counter 5. The use of the rectifier 2 allows processing the alternating The signal is reduced to processing a unipolar signal, which contributes to the reduction of the required number of quantization levels by almost two times and, consequently, the amount of equipment. Element 3 allows to obtain a signal of the derivative, necessary as a signal, in which (unlike the input signal, where oscillations can occur at different levels) all oscillations are carried out relative to the abscissa axis. Therefore, the number of changes is 3) aka derivative, i.e. the number of its zero crossings equals the number of input signal races. The derivative signal through shaper 4, which gives a pulse at each change in the sign of the derivative, arrives at the counting input of counter 5. The counter, counting the number of changes in the sign of the derivative, thus records the number of oscillations of the input signal regardless of their location level. in the initial position all keys are open, trigger 13 and all counters are reset. The zeroing of the counters and the trigger is carried out without issuing a pulse to the output. The device has five basic modes of operation in accordance with the specific types of input signal typical for the operator's work (figure 2). Case 1. Oscillatory movements - around the zero level of quantization. rfpH crossing the input signal of the zero level triggers the zero channel of the quantizer 1, the output pulse of which through the element OR 14 zeroes the counter 8, sets the trigger 13 to the zero position and sends a signal to one of the inputs of the element 12. The other channels for this amplitude of the input signal are insensitive . The input signal also flows through the element 3 and the driver 4 to the counting input of the counter 5, which records all oscillations of the input signal. After recording three pulses at the second output of counter 5, a signal appears which, through the first input of block 21, blocks key 22 and goes to one of the inputs of AND 24, and also writes a unit to counter 7, thus fixing the presence of correction movement. This state is maintained upon receipt of the fourth and fifth pulses. When the sixth pulse is recorded, a signal appears at the first output of counter 5, which records the unit in counter 6 and subtracts it in counter 7, thus fixing the presence of only one background motion, as well as unlocking all keys 11. In this state, the device remains until the nature of the input signal changes. The device works in a similar way in the cases (Fig. 2): a) the intersection of the input signal with other only countable quantization levels; b) input signal oscillations only between levels; in this case, the even channel of the quantizer Ij does not work; c) intersection of even levels and input signal oscillations between levels. Case 2. Oscillatory motions around the first odd quantization level. When the input signal crosses the first level, the first channel of the quantizer 1 is triggered, the output impulse of which: - through the OR 15 element enters the trigger Trigger input 13, writes one into counter 8 and through

the key 23 of block 21 and the element OR 17 zeroed the counter 5;

- via keys 10 and 11, element J OR 16 enters the counting input of counter 9, fixing the occurrence of the first control motion; if the corresponding key 11 is closed, then this pulse through the same input only unlocks it;

-blocks all other keys 11 through their third inputs.

The device also works in the same way at the second signal crossing of the first quantization level.

At the third intersection, counter B is full, and its output is:

-blocks key 10, after which the pulses, starting from the third, from the output of the first channel of the quantizer 1 to the counter 9, do not pass

- describes in the counter 9 a unit, leaving only one impulse recorded, registering one control motion;

- blocks key 23 of block 21, after which counter 5 is not zeroed by subsequent pulses from the first channel of quantizer 1; in this case, all pulses arriving at the counting input of counter 5 are recorded;

- sets the key 22 of the block 21, the counter 5 to the position of recording three units, thus taking into account the three pulses received before that

- enters one of the inputs of the element And 12.

Further, the device operates as in the first case, fixing the presence of background motion after the sixth pulse. In this case, the unlocking of the keys 11, regardless of the arrival of subsequent pulses from the first channel: the quantizer to the lock inputs of the keys 11, is maintained until the counter 5 is zeroed.

Thus, in the second case, one control and one background motion are recorded.

The device operates similarly when the input signal oscillates around other odd quantization levels.

Case 2, and differs from case 2 in that, after the input signal crosses an odd quantization level, it oscillates between levels, at which time counter 5 has more than three pulses. The secondary intersection of the same odd level by the signal zeroes the counter 5, therefore the corrective or background movement that took place between the levels is recorded as a separate one, although there may be further continuation of the same movement. In this case, instead of ONE movement, two are recorded. .Exception of this error provides

element 24 of block 21, which is triggered by the secondary intersection of a given level, since signals from trigger 13 and the second output of counter 5 enter its entrance. And output signal of element 24 blocks key 23, so counter 5 does not zero and this movement registered as one background.

Crossing this level is third

Q times fills the counter 8, the output of which through the key 22 of the block 21 sets the counter 5 to the recording position of three units. This would also lead to an error in the calculation of corrective and background movements. Therefore, after recording into the counter 5 three or more pulses, the signal from its second output blocks the key 22, as a result of which the installation of the counter 5 into the position of recording three units is possible only after zeroing it.

Thus, in the case of 2a, one control and one background movement are recorded.

Case 3. Alternating

5 signal control of movements.

When crossing the signals of the first quantization level, the control motion is recorded, when the second level is crossed, the count Q 5 and the trigger 13 are zeroed, the corrective motion is recorded (the second), and the motion is not registered as the corresponding key

 11 was blocked after crossing the first level. At the first intersection of the fifth level, the control movement is not registered, the corresponding key 11 is opened, and therefore, at its second intersection, a new control is registered to the movement. When crossing levels 3, 2 and 1, the control movement is not recorded. After the 1st level, the already-rectified signal is analyzed using the same channels of the quantizer. 1 The oscillation of the rectified signal between the second and third levels is recorded as a corrective movement (case 1).

0 At the first intersection of the third level, the control movement is not recorded, and at the secondary intersection, it is recorded, and the remaining keys 11 are blocked. Therefore, when

f At the lowest intersection of signal -1 and level 1, the control motion is not recorded. At the second intersection of the first level, a control movement is recorded. In the absence of the -l th channel, the quantizer 1

0, the rectified signal would intersect the first quantization level and, TEIK as the corresponding key 11 open, would register as a normal control motion, although it is

5 continuation of the registered movement. Straightening the input signal contributes to a reduction in the volume of the apparatus, and the use of the channel eliminates errors that may occur due to the straightening of the signal when calculating the control motions.

Case 4. In this case, at the first and second intersections, two units are recorded into the counter 9 by the input signal of the first level (case 2). When the signal between the zero and first levels oscillates further, more than three units arrive at counter 5, and the signal from its second output blocks key 22 of block 21. Therefore, as in case 2, and at the third intersection of the first level, the output signal from counter 8 writes off one unit from counter 9, and three units did not go through to the input of setting counter 5 to the recording position, and all these fluctuations are recorded as one background motion. In this case, all the keys 11 are opened by the signal from the first output of the counter 5, and therefore when the input signal crosses the third level quantization, the control motion will be registered again.

Consequently, after the background movement, any control movement is recorded as new.

With the most recent intersection of the signal of the fifth quantization level, the device operates according to case 2, the control motion is not recorded when the level crosses both the leading edge of the signal and the rear one, although after the fourth intersection of the fifth level the new control motion began. It is not registered at the third quantization level, since the corresponding key 11 is blocked at the intersection of the fifth quantization level. Such cases are also encountered at the intersection of other odd levels (Fig. 2, clause 4). In this case, usually:

- there is a signal at the output of the counter 8;

- there is a signal at the output of the flip-flop 13, since the odd level crosses an even number of times;

The input signal crosses the neighboring odd level.

To recognize these states, the SERVER element is AND 12, whose inputs are connected to the outputs of the counters 8 of the trigger 13 and through the OR element 14k to the outputs of the even channels of the quatarizer 1. When the element 12 triggers, its output signal through the OR element 16 records one in counter 9, through the element OR 17 zeroed counter 5, and also blocks all keys 11, - except for the key corresponding to that level of quantization around which the considered oscillations of the signal occurred. The locking of keys 11 is necessary because after the background movement possible here, they will be opened, and this will lead to an error in the registration of control movements.

Case 5. In this case, when the input signal oscillates around the first level, a control and corrective movement is recorded, and when the signal oscillates between the third and fourth quantization levels, a second correction movement is recorded. At the second intersection of the fifth level, the control registers the movement. When the signal oscillates around the third level, three units are recorded in counter 8, and counter 5 is set to the recording position of three units. When the signal oscillates around the second level, two more pulses arrive in counter 5, so these signal oscillations around the third and second levels are recorded as one corrective motion, although the signal crosses two levels of quantization. Consequently, the two following each other. other corrective movements are recorded separately only if they are separated by at least one odd level of quantization.

The considered cases of analyzing the input signal fully disclose the purpose and operation of the first seventeen blocks of the device, so their description can be limited. Other possible cases can be analyzed on the basis of considered.

Thus, from the outputs of counters 9.7 and 6, the inputs of the calculator 18 and block 20 receive signals characterizing, respectively, the current number of control, corrective and background movements in a given analysis interval of the input signal.

The calculator 18 calculates the current percentage of the components allocated to the components for a given analysis time of the input signal. To do this, in the computing unit all three signals are summed, and the signals of individual components are pressed onto their sum, the output signals of the calculator are fed to the inputs of the analyzer 19.

The analyzer 19 performs an automatic assessment of the operator's level of fitness according to the criterion of well-satisfactory-poor. It can be implemented on analog elements such as an operational amplifier or analog-discrete elements such as neuron models. Configuring .an (a pizator is done by setting up tolerances of accepted estimates obtained in advance. For a well-trained operator, the following are characteristic:

The percentage of the signal components of its control actions: control movements - 25%, corrective actions - 10% and background actions - 65%. Undocumented operator control actions usually contain 30% control, 30% corrective and 40% background movements. As an operator learns and trains, his driving movements become more confident and accurate; at the same time, the percentage of corrective movements decreases, while the background movement increases. Therefore, intermediate values of the percentage of components will indicate the currently determined level of fitness of the operator. The output of the analyzer is connected to block 20.

Block 20 is used to display the results of an assessment of the level of fitness of the operator. For this purpose, for example, a measuring device should be used, on the scale of which the intervals of values of the output signal corresponding to the accepted estimates are plotted. Block 20 also has a digital scoreboard that displays the results of a quantitative calculation of the components of the input signal. This gives the researcher the opportunity, if necessary, to assess the level of fitness of the operator himself and to monitor the work of the calculator and the analyzer.

The speed of the device in analyzing random signals is achieved by using the continuous serial-parallel principle of information processing. Recognition and counting of the components of the input signal and, therefore, estimates of the fitness level of the operator are carried out at the pace of the experiment.

The objectivity and reliability of the assessment of the operator's level of fitness for random signals is ensured by automating this process through the use of a calculator and analyzer. The device is invariant to the ordinate of the location of the components of the signal being analyzed, and it recognizes and counts its three components in accordance with their accepted definitions.

The introduction of blocks 1,2,13,18 and elements 8-12, 14-17 allows you to control the operator's performance by random signals from electrograms, correctly substantiate the method of preparing the operator for control activities and choose from many of the most prepared ones, which significantly expands device functionality

Claims (2)

1. Volkov A.A., Malinin I.D., .M. Kin M.M. Determination of the transfer. 0 functions of the operator using a self-adjusting analogue. Questions of psychology, 1968. In 4. 2. Authors certificate of the USSR 552615, cl. G 06 F 15 / 4i, 1977 (prototype). five