SU879612A1

SU879612A1 - Device for counting objects carried by conveyor

Info

Publication number: SU879612A1
Application number: SU802883156A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Абрам Бенцианович Лурье; Василий Иванович Стяжкин; Александр Иванович Панкратов
Original assignee: Кировский сельскохозяйственный институт
Priority date: 1980-02-13
Filing date: 1980-02-13
Publication date: 1981-11-07

Description

Изобретение относится к области машиностроения, преимущественно сельскохозяйственного и может быть использовано для контроля технологического процесса и дифференцированного учета количества продукции и брака различных уборочных ма- 5 шин, например льноуборочных, сеноуборочных, работающих с обвязкой продукции в снопы или тюки, а также для сортирования и подсчета штучных изделий, в других технологических схемах. ¹⁰ The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, mainly agricultural, and can be used to control the process and differentially account for the number of products and rejects of various harvesting machines, for example, flax, hay, working with strapping products in sheaves or bales, as well as for sorting and counting piece goods, in other technological schemes. ¹⁰

В известных уборочных машинах, технологический процесс которых заключается в формировании убираемой массы в снопы или тюкщ отсутствует контроль· за работой вязального аппарата, работающего на лю- ¹⁵бом обвязочном материале, в частности контроль невязи снопов (тюков). Необходимость контроля работы вязального аппарата уборочных машин диктуется значитеи 20 льными потерями рабочего времени на устранение нарушений технологического процесса и низким качеством выполняемых операций [1^.In the known harvesting machines, which process consists in forming crop material into sheaves or tyuksch · offline control the operation of the knitting machine, operating at ¹⁵ lyu- bom banding material, in particular control nevyazi sheaves (bales). The need to control the operation of the knitting apparatus of harvesting machines is dictated by significant 20 loss of working time to eliminate process violations and the low quality of operations [1 ^.

Известно устройство для контроля работы оборудования, содержащее датчики, табло, блок согласования, блок управления, блок памяти, блок сравнения, триггер, элемент И, счетчики времени, количества операций и продукции. Устройство позволяет фиксировать время работы и простоя оборудования, количество операций и продукции, но не осуществляет дифференцированный учет продукции с подразделением на годные изделия и брак, сигнализацию о наличии брака.A device for monitoring the operation of equipment is known, containing sensors, a display panel, a matching unit, a control unit, a memory unit, a comparison unit, a trigger, an AND element, time counters, the number of operations and products. The device allows you to record the operating time and downtime of the equipment, the number of operations and products, but does not carry out differentiated accounting of products with a division into suitable products and defects, and alarms.

Из известных наиболее, близким по технической сущности к изобретению является устройство для счета предметов, переносимых конвейером, содержащее, датчики наличия предмета, выходы которых через элемент совпадения соединены с входом триггера управления, выход которого подключён к входу исполнительного блока, выход одного из датчиков наличия предмета соединен через формирователь с вторым входом триггера управления и непосредственно с входом бдока регистрации [2].Of the most well-known, the closest in technical essence to the invention is a device for counting items carried by the conveyor, containing, the presence sensors of the object, the outputs of which are connected through the coincidence element to the input of the trigger control, the output of which is connected to the input of the Executive unit, the output of one of the sensors of the presence of the object connected through the shaper to the second input of the control trigger and directly to the input of the registration side [2].

Недостатком устройства является узкая область применения, не позволяющая использовать устройство для контроля работы вязального аппарата уборочной машины. 5The disadvantage of this device is the narrow scope, which does not allow the use of the device to control the operation of the knitting apparatus of the sweeper. 5

Целью изобретения является обеспечение своевременного и надежного контроля и сигнализации о нарушениях рабочего процесса вязального аппарата уборочных машин, работающих на любом обвязочном ю материале, а также учет количества связанной и несвязанной продукции (снопов или тюков).The aim of the invention is to provide timely and reliable monitoring and signaling of violations of the working process of the knitting apparatus of harvesting machines working on any strapping material, as well as accounting for the number of connected and unbound products (sheaves or bales).

Указанная цель достигается тем, что в устройство для счета предметов, перено- 15 симых конвейером, содержащее датчики наличия предмета, выход одного из которых соединен со входом блока регистрации, триггер управления, вход которого подключен ко входу исполнительного блока, вве- 20 цены счетчик импульсов и элемент сравнения, входы которого соединены с выходами датчиков наличия предмета. Выход элемента сравнения подключен ко входам счетчика импульсов и триггера управления. 25 Блок регистрации выполнен в виде параллельно включенных счетчика импульсов и •элемента световой сигнализации, исполнительный блок выполнен в виде параллельно включенных элементов световой и звухо- зо вой сигнализации.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for counting objects transported by the conveyor 15, which contains sensors for the presence of an object, the output of one of which is connected to the input of the registration unit, a control trigger, the input of which is connected to the input of the executive unit, at the cost of a pulse counter and a comparison element, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the sensors of the presence of the object. The output of the comparison element is connected to the inputs of the pulse counter and the control trigger. 25 The registration unit is made in the form of a parallel-connected pulse counter and • light signaling element, the executive unit is made in the form of parallel-connected light and sound signaling elements.

Функциональная схема устройства приведена на чертеже, где обозначены датчики 1 наличия предмета, состоящие из источника 2 света, фотоэлектронного преоб- ₃₅разователя 3 и усилителя 4, элемент сравнения 5, триггер 6 управления, счетчик 7 импульсов, блок 8 регистрации, состоящий из счетчика 9 импульсов и элемента световой сигнализации 10, предмет 11 ₄₀переносимый конвейером, дополнительный блок 12, состоящий из элементов световой (13) и звуковой (14) сигнализации и усилитель 15.A functional diagram of the device shown in the drawing, where the sensors 1 are designated object presence, consisting of light source 2, photomultiplier ₃₅ preob- verters amplifier 3 and 4, the comparison unit 5, a control trigger 6, the pulse counter 7, recording unit 8, consisting of the counter 9 pulses and light signaling element 10, item 11 ₄₀ carried by the conveyor, an additional unit 12, consisting of light (13) and sound (14) signaling elements and an amplifier 15.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

Поступающий из вязального аппарата сформированный сноп 11 или тюк вызывает прерывание световых лучей от источников 1 света. При этом закономерность прерывания световых лучей перед фото-/ ⁵⁰электрическими преобразователями, которые установлены в технологической схеме формирования снопов (тюков) на расстояние, соответствующем заданному по технической характеристике машины, раз- ⁵⁵меру снопа определяется величиной размера связанного и несвязанного снопов. Связанный сноп при перемещении поочередно .The formed sheaf 11 or bale coming from the knitting apparatus causes interruption of light rays from light sources 1. When this pattern interruption of light rays to a photo / electric converter ^50, which are mounted in flow diagram form sheaves (bale) over a distance corresponding to the given technical characteristics of the machine, different measure sheaf ⁵⁵ is determined by the amount of bound and unbound sheaves. A connected sheaf when moving alternately.

перекрывает луч света от первого и второго осветителей, так как его диаметр меньше расстояния между фотоэлектрическими преобразователями. При этом на элемент сравнения 5 сигналы с фотопреобразователей поступают поочередно. Несвязанный сноп (тюк) имеет больший размер. Поэтому при перемещении он одновременно перекрывает лучи света от обоих осветителей, вызывая одновременно поступление сигналов на вход блока сравнения от двух фотопреобразователей.blocks the light beam from the first and second illuminators, since its diameter is less than the distance between the photoelectric converters. In this case, the comparison element 5 signals from the photoconverters arrive alternately. An unbound sheaf (bale) has a larger size. Therefore, when moving, it simultaneously blocks the rays of light from both illuminators, causing simultaneously the arrival of signals to the input of the comparison unit from two photoconverters.

Изменение последовательности поступления сигналов на элемент сравнения приводит к соответствующему изменению сигнала на его выходе. При поочередном поступлении сигналов на вход элемента сравнения 5 от преобразователей 3 (при нормальной работе вязального аппарата.A change in the sequence of signals arriving at the comparison element leads to a corresponding change in the signal at its output. When alternately receiving signals at the input of the comparison element 5 from the transducers 3 (during normal operation of the knitting device.

Когда сноп связан и его размер меньше установленного расстояния между фотопреобразователями) на выходе элемента сравнения появляется сигнал, соответствующий значению единицы.When the sheaf is connected and its size is less than the set distance between the photoconverters), a signal corresponding to the value of unity appears at the output of the comparison element.

Триггер 6 управления в этом случае находится в исходном состоянии, элементы звуковой 14 и световой 13 сигнализации отключены. При одновременном поступлении двух сигналов от фотопреобразователей на вход элемента сравнения 5 на его выходе появляется сигнал, соответствующий значению нуля, который вызывает запуск триггера 6 управления. Выход под сигнал триггера 6 после усиления преобразуется в напряжение, достаточное для ••включения световой и звуковой сигнализации. Нулевой уровень сигнала на выходе элемента сравнения 5 свидетельствует о нарушении технологического процесса (не- * вязи снопов), и в счетчик 7 импульсов несвязанных снопов заносится единица. Счетчик.9 импульсов блока 8 регистрации работает от сигнала второго фотоэлектрического преобразователя. Сброс триггера 6 осуществляется автоматически по окончании сравнения сигналов.The trigger 6 control in this case is in the initial state, the elements of the sound 14 and light 13 of the alarm are disabled. With the simultaneous receipt of two signals from the photoconverters at the input of the comparison element 5, a signal corresponding to the value of zero appears at its output, which causes the trigger 6 of the control to start. The output for the trigger 6 signal after amplification is converted to a voltage sufficient to • • turn on the light and sound alarms. A zero level of the signal at the output of the comparison element 5 indicates a violation of the technological process (unbalanced sheaves), and one is entered into the counter 7 pulses of unbound sheaves. The counter 9 pulses of the unit 8 registration works from the signal of the second photoelectric converter. Trigger 6 is reset automatically at the end of signal comparison.

Использование устройства позволяет своевременно выявить неисправность вязального аппарата, сократить выход несвязанных снопов (тюков), исклкнить дополнительный ручной труд на обвязку несвязанной продукции и обеспечивает текущий учет продукции и брака.Using the device allows you to timely detect a malfunction of the knitting device, reduce the output of unbound sheaves (bales), eliminate additional manual labor for strapping unbound products and provides current accounting of products and marriage.

Claims

(54) DEVICE FOR ACCOUNT OF CONVEYOR TRANSFERABLE ITEMS bales, as well as for sorting and presenting the bolded items, in other technological schemes, In known harvesting machines whose technological process is beyond lyuchaets in forming crop material into bales or bundles) no control over the work knitting machine operating at any bundling material, in particular control Neuve communication sheaves (bales). The need to control the work of the cleaning machines' apparatuses is dictated by the considerable loss of working time to eliminate process violations and the low quality of the operations performed. A device for monitoring equipment operation is known, comprising sensors, a display board, a matching unit, a control unit, a memory unit, a comparison unit, a trigger, an AND element, time counters, number of operations and output. The device allows you to record the time of work and simple equipment, the number of operations and products, but does not carry out a differentiated account of products with a unit for suitable products and scrap, signaling about the presence of defects. Of the known ones, the closest to the technical essence of the invention is a device for counting objects carried by a conveyor, containing sensors for the presence of an object, the outputs of which are connected to the input of a control trigger, the output of which is connected to the input of the execution unit through a matching element, the object is connected via a driver to the second input of the control trigger and directly to the registration input of the watchdog G23 367 The drawback of the device is the narrow scope, not the Sha use the device to control work in the sweeper's hatch,. The aim of the invention is to provide timely and reliable monitoring and alarming of workflow disturbances in the hitch apparatus of the harvesters working on any binding material, as well as taking into account the amount of {; in bound and unrelated products (sheaves or bales). This goal is achieved by the fact that a device for counting objects transported by a conveyor, containing sensors for the presence of an object, the output of one of which is connected to the input of the registration block, a control trigger, the input of which is passed to the input of the execution unit, a pulse counter and a comparison element are entered. which is connected to the outputs of the sensors of the presence of the object. The output of the comparison element is connected to the inputs of the pulse counter and the control trigger. The registration unit is designed as a parallel pulse counter and a light signal element, the executive unit is designed as parallel light and sound signal elements. The functional diagram of the device is shown in the drawing, where 1 the presence of an object is indicated, consisting of light source 2, photoelectric converter 3 and amplifier 4, companion element 5, control trigger 6, counter 7 of pulses, registration block 8 consisting of a counter 9 pulses and a light signal element 10, a subject 11 transferred by a conveyor, an additional block 12 consisting of light elements (13) and sound (14) alarms and an amplifier 15, The device operates as follows. A formed sheaf 11 or bale coming from the in-room apparatus interrupts the light rays from the light sources 1. At the same time, the pattern of interruption of light beams in front of photo-g electric converters, which are installed in the technological scheme of forming sheaves (bales) for a distance corresponding to the set according to the technical characteristics of the machine, the measure of the sheaf is determined by the size of & unbound and unbound sheaves. When moving alternately, the bundle of 4 shifts the light beam from the first and second illuminators, since its diameter is smaller than the distance between the photoelectric converters. In this case, the comparison signal 5 receives signals from photo converters alternately. An unwrapped bundle (bale) is of a larger size. Therefore, when moving, it simultaneously blocks the rays of light from both illuminators, simultaneously causing signals to enter the comparison unit from two photovoltaic cells. A change in the sequence of arrival of signals to the reference element leads to a corresponding change in the signal at its output. When the signals at the input of the comparison element 5 are alternately received from the converters 3 (during normal operation in the receiving apparatus, when the sheaf is connected and its size is less than the established distance between the photovoltaic converters), a signal corresponding to the unit value appears at the output of the comparison element In this case, the control is in the initial state, the elements of the sound 14 and the light 13 alarm are turned off. When two signals from the photovoltaic cells are simultaneously received at the input of the element of comparison 5, a signal corresponding to the zero value appears at its output, which causes the trigger of control 6 to start. The output of the trigger signal 6 after amplification is converted to a voltage sufficient to turn on & light and sound alarms. The zero level of the signal at the output of the element of comparison 5 indicates a violation of the technological process (not in the form of sheaves), and a unit is entered into the counter of 7 pulses of unbound sheaves. Counter. 9 1g1 pulses of the registration unit 8 operates on the signal of the second photoelectric converter. The flip-flop 6 is reset automatically at the end of the signal comparison. The use of the device makes it possible to promptly detect a malfunction in the filling apparatus, reduce the yield of unbound sheaves (bales), eliminate additional manual labor for wiring unbound products, and ensures current accounting of products and scrap. The invention of the device for counting items carried by a conveyor, contains sensors for the presence of an object, the output of one of which is connected to the input of the registration control unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the additional unit, characterized in that, in order to expand the application area of the device, the counter and pulses and the comparison element, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the sensors of the presence of the object, the output of the comparison element is connected to the inputs of the pulse counter and 8 5 triggers reinforcement block Registration is made in the form of a parallel-connected pulse counter and a burglar alarm element. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 519741, cl. q 07 C 3/04, 1975.

2. USSR author's certificate number 496578, cl. GJ 06 M 7/04, 1974 (prototype).