SU803884A1 - Device for automatic monitoring of seeder drill tube - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and is intended to control technological parameters, mainly sowing sowing machines.

A device for automatic control of seeding is known, containing sensors for monitoring seeding according to the number of seed metering devices, a questionnaire, an amplifier-conversion device (UPU) of the signal channel, a UPU drive for the questionnaire, and a light-and-sound alarm device 1.

This system provides control of the seed output, however, the presence in the system of the questionnaire and the control unit of its drive, connecting the control sensors to the control panel of the signaling channel and controlling the operation of the alarm device, complicates the system and reduces its reliability. Failure of information in the system is possible due to the necessity of strictly alternately connecting control sensors to the UPA, since when one of the sensors goes out of order and disconnects, the polling sequence is broken. A grouped VGA of the signal channel, having a well-defined input resistance, is connected to different sensors, the output resistance of which is usually

has a significant variation in size. This leads to inconsistency of input and output impedances and the appearance of the signal channel of the echo signals perceived by the UPU as signals from the sensor, i.e. false signals appear (in the absence of seeding, the UPU registers the seeding). The absence of individual amplifiers of the sensor signals does not provide the necessary ratio of the levels of the useful signal and the level of interference, for example, from external electric fields, at the input of the UPA, which leads to malfunction of the system, since the useful signal may not be recorded by the UPU due to insufficient level against the background of interference, for example, when the sensitivity of the sensor decreases during the operation of the crop (dusting the photometer and illuminator, aging the probe and the piezoelectric element, reducing the elasticity of the membrane, etc.).

It is also known a device for monitoring the clogging of sem seed wires, containing a start key, control sensors installed in the sem seed wires, which include an illuminator, a phototransducer, a switching device (key) and

signaling unit, including light and sound signaling devices, time relay and OR circuit.

In this device, channel switching is performed by keys according to signals from photoconverters of sensors, each of which is connected to one key. This simplifies and improves the reliability of the device, since the questionnaire, the UPU of the questionnaire drive and the signal channel are eliminated, and the appearance of "echo signals" is eliminated.

However, this device cannot control the seeding of seeds, due to the fact that switching the keys of the control channels occurs during the transient process in the sensor illuminator circuit, comparable in duration with the time of flight of the controlled seeds in the photoconverter sensitivity zone, i.e. The transition process in the illuminator is perceived as well as the signal from the seed passage in the area of the sensing element, i.e., false signals appear in the absence of seeding, and the system records the seeding. In addition, when this wire is plugged into one device, the other wires are not controlled. This leads to a decrease in the efficiency of control, which is especially significant when controlling on multitrack and wide-grip sowing aggregates. The presence of a counting circuit in the device does not ensure the reliability of its operation in the event of a breakdown and disconnection of any of the sensors.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device by protecting against false alarms.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with delay lines and control sensors control units and a signaling unit delay line, the input of the delay lines connected to the switching device outputs, and the output to one of the control unit inputs, the second one. the input of which is connected to the outputs of the photovoltaic converter, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of switching devices, the input of the delay line of the alarm node is connected to the output of the time relay, and the output by means of a key and an intercom link to the terminals “Reset switching devices.

In addition, the control unit includes a threshold device, a pulse shaper and a pulse amplifier, connected in series with each other.

Moreover, the device is equipped with a digitizer node, the inputs of which are connected to the inputs of the alarm node.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the automatic control device.

The block diagram contains sensors 1 | -1 control, the number of which n is equal to the number of sem wires spliced, the starting key 2,

alarm node 3 and digitally printed node 4.

Sensors 1 | - 1 control switches on the illuminator 5 | -5 / i, the photoconverter 6 | -bl located in these wires so that the sown seeds cross the light beam from the illuminator 5, 5, to the phototransducer 6, - 6 i switching device 7 (- UL, to the first output of which is connected by a wire 8 | -8d the illuminator 5) -5 / i, and the second output is connected to the input of the line 9 | - 9l delay, the output of which is connected to the input of the control unit 10 | -IQrj, which includes the threshold device 11 | -1U, connected through the driver 12j -12 pulses to the amplifier 13) -13 pulses.

To the input of the lOi -10 control unit of the 14) -14 l wire, the photoconverter b / -bd is connected, the outputs are connected by the wire 15j-15l. with the locking input of the switching device 7 /, and the wire 16 | -16. - with the triggering input of the next sensor according to the switching device of the sensor control.

The output of the latter according to the scheme block Yud. The control unit is connected to the trigger input of the first switching device 7 /, to which the start switch 2 is also connected. By wires 17 / - 17l, the third outputs of switching devices 7j -7ft are connected to the inputs of the alarm node 3 and the digital printing device 4.

The signaling node includes an OR 18 circuit, the output of which is connected to the input of a time relay 19 connected by wire 20 to an audible alarm 21, wire 22 to the enabling inputs of light signaling devices 23 and a digital printing device 4, and wire 24 to an input of delay line 25 to which key 26 is connected, connected by wire 27 through isolating elements 28, by wires 29, - 29 c, with the leads “Reset switching devices 7) -7p,.

The device works as follows.

In the initial position, when the seeding unit is inoperative and the power supply is switched on, the switching device 7 (-7/1 of all sensors Ij -l / i are in the state about threshold device 11 | -11/1 of the lOj-Yul. Control units are closed, and the relay 19 of the time of the signaling unit 2 is in the initial position. At the same time, in the sensors 1 | -bi control, the 5j-5l illuminators are turned off J and no pulses are received to the input of the 13 | -13p pulses. The beeper 21 operates in the alarm node, signaling the system readiness to work. On permitting inputs of light signals of congestion 23 and The digital printer 4 also receives the signal "1, but they are in the state" O, because the wires from the switching device 7 | -7e receive the signal "O, the key 26 is in the closed state. With the start of the operation of the seed unit The forcing key 2 sends a pulse to the triggering input of the switching device 1, which enters the state "1", turns on the illuminator 5d v and sends a pulse coming through the wire 17 through the OR circuit 18 to the input of the time relay 19 and the reference voltage to the input of the delay line 9i. In this case, the time relay 19 is triggered (switches to the “O” state) and is kept in this state for a predetermined reaction time (for example, 1-2 seconds). Since the time relay 19 is in the “O” state, then signaling devices 23, a digital printing device 4 and an input of sound alarms 21 are given a zero potential and they do not work. For the same reason, the key 26 remains closed, so the reference voltage is not supplied to the input of the delay line 25. Through time, tp, where tnh.- time of the transition process in the illuminator; 5, - time of delay; tp is the specified response time from the output of the delay line 9 | the input potential of the threshold device 11 (the resolving potential is supplied, the threshold device llj opens1, i.e. the sensor is ready to register the sown seeds. Due to the delay of unlocking the threshold device by the delay time o) the registration of the photoconverter 6 is excluded) transient in the illuminator 5}, ie, the occurrence of false signals in the absence of seeding. In turn, the threshold device 11 | eliminates the appearance of spurious signals at the outputs of control devices 10 | - Yul. when the Si illuminator oscillates and blinks. If seeding occurs normally, the seeds, flying across the first wire, interrupt the luminous flux between illuminator 5j and photoconverter 6j, the photocurrent changes, which by wire 14 |, threshold device 11 (pulse generator 12 | enters an input of the amplifier 13 | pulses. At the same time, at the outputs of the amplifier 13 | impulses, pulses are received through the wire 15 | to the locking input of the switching device 7 | and through the wire 16 | to the triggering input of the sensor Ij. e to the initial state "About switching device 7 | and transition to state" 1 whose output switching device is connected via wire 17x and circuit OR 18 to the next input to time relay 19, which remains in the activated state. Other processes in sensor 1g and in all the nodes of the device the control occurs in the same way as described by you.If in all the controlled sem wires the seeding process is not disturbed, then the sensors are turned on alternately. If, however, in some sem of the wire, for example in the first, the seeding process is broken, then from the output of the amplifier 13 | the wire I6j does not supply a triggering pulse to the input of the switching device 7g of the sensor Ij, and the switching device 1 remains in the state "O" and with its OUTPUT the wire 17d does not give a pulse to the input of the time relay 19, therefore the last time tp enters the state of “i. At the same time, acoustic signaling devices 21, light signaling devices 23 are triggered, the place for the termination of the height (failure) is signaled to the operator-operator and the number of the wire in which the seeding has stopped is recorded on the digital printing device 4. At the same time, the reference voltage from the output of the time relay 19 is fed to the input of the delay line 25, and through the delay time (Gg, determined from the expression V} (1Д - 1, Я) t ,,, the key 26 is opened, which gives a pulse reset to pins "Reset 29; -29l of all switching devices 7 -, - / p. At that, switching device 7 changes to state" O, and switching devices that were in state "O remain in this state. Upon transition the switching device 7, in the state "On the illuminator 5, is turned off and the arising photopulse is passed. The horn device 11, the driver 12, the pulses and the amplifier 13 | pulses through the wire 16j are fed to the triggering input of the switching device 7i of the sensor C and the system continues to operate. 7 / -7l in case of accidental sowing delay.At a signal from the light detector 23 and the buzzer 21, the tractor operator stops the sowing unit and tears off the tape from the digital printing device 4 and sends it to the spreader to eliminate the failures detected ksirovannye control system. After eliminating the failures, the tractor operator continues the sowing process, and the system continues to work. The presence of a time delay line in the control sensors provides an increase in the reliability of the control device, since spurious signals occurring during the transient process in the illuminator do not affect the performance of the device.

The digital printing device allows the operator to improve the working conditions, i.e., he does not need to memorize and record the numbers of the places of rejection, which is especially important when working on the M1 (terrestrial and wide-grip sowing units with a large number of sowing machines).

Claims (3)

Invention Formula The device for automatic control of seed wires, including a start key, control sensors installed in these wires, containing a phototransducer, an illuminator and switching devices and an alarm unit, including light and sound signaling devices, a time relay and an OR circuit, characterized in that increase the reliability of the device by protecting against false alarms, it is equipped with delay lines and control sensors control units and a delay line of the alarm node, and the input of delay lines with It is connected to the outputs of switching devices, and the output is connected to one of the control unit inputs, the second input of which is connected to the outputs of the photovoltaic converter, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of switching devices, the input of the delay line of the alarm node is connected to the output of the time relay, and link to the conclusions "Reset switching devices. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit includes a threshold device, pulse shaper, pulse amplifier interconnected in series. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a digitizer node whose inputs are connected to the inputs of the alarm node. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Collection of works VIM, vol. 53. M., 1974, p. 135-147. 2. USSR author's certificate for application No. 2541820/15, cl. A 01 C 7/00, 1977.