SU862116A1

SU862116A1 - Program control device

Info

Publication number: SU862116A1
Application number: SU792859372A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Юрий Вадимович Блинков; Самуил Абрамович Гантман; Юрий Михайлович Передрей; Алексей Мамедович Эфендиев
Original assignee: Пензенский Политехнический Институт
Priority date: 1979-12-25
Filing date: 1979-12-25
Publication date: 1981-09-07

Description

Изобретение относится к области автоматики и вычислительной техники и может быть использовано в устройствах для программного управления металлорежущими станками.The invention relates to the field of automation and computer technology and can be used in devices for software control of metal cutting machines.

Известно устройство для программного управления, содержащее блок ввода величины ⁵коррекции, последовательно соединенные генератор импульсов, счетчик, блок управления, блок памяти и интерполятор, другие входы которого подключены к выходам счетчика, и блок ввода программы, выходы которого соединены с входами блока памяти [1].A device for program control is known, comprising an input unit for correction value ⁵ , a pulse generator, a counter, a control unit, a memory unit and an interpolator, the other inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the counter, and a program input unit whose outputs are connected to the inputs of the memory unit [1 ].

Недостатком этого устройства является низкая точность из—за отсутствия возможности коррекции люфтов приводов подач станка.The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy due to the inability to correct the backlash of the feed drives of the machine.

Наиболее близким к изобретению по техни- ¹⁵ческой сущности является устройство 12] для программного управления, содержащее блок ввода коррекции, блок управления, последовательно соединенные блок ввода программы, блок памяти, интерполятор, другие входы которого соединены с выходами счетчика, ко входу которого подключен выход генератора, первый и второй элементы И, последовательно соединенные первый логический блок, триггер, третий элемент И и второй логический блок, выход которого соединен с одним из входов блока памяти, первый вход — с выходом блока ввода коррекции, а второй вход через третий элемент И - с вторым выходом блока управления и первым входом первого элемента И, выход которого подключен к другому входу блока памяти, а второй вход — к второму выходу триггера и первому входу второго элемента И, второй вход которого через блок управления подключен к второму входу триггера, а выход - к входу блока ввода программы. Другие выходы блока памяти соединены с входами первого логическою блока. Блок памяти состоит из буферной и рабочей памяти, логической схемы. Выход интерполятора управляет приводом станка. Это устройство позволяет корректировать постоянную составляющую типа ’’люфт” привода подачи.The closest to the invention by technical essence is ¹⁵ cal device 12] for program control, comprising an input unit of the correction, the control unit, the program series-connected input unit, a memory unit, an interpolator, the other inputs of which are connected to the counter outputs to the input of which is connected to the output generator, the first and second AND elements, connected in series with the first logical block, trigger, the third And element and the second logical block, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the memory block, the first input - with you the correction input block, and the second input through the third AND element with the second output of the control unit and the first input of the first AND element, the output of which is connected to the other input of the memory unit, and the second input - to the second output of the trigger and the first input of the second And element, the second whose input through the control unit is connected to the second input of the trigger, and the output to the input of the program input unit. Other outputs of the memory block are connected to the inputs of the first logical block. A memory block consists of buffer and working memory, a logic circuit. The interpolator output controls the machine drive. This device allows you to adjust the constant component type "backlash" feed drive.

Недостатком этого устройства является то, что такая коррекция погрешности типа ’’люфт” наиболее приемлема для станков с малым износом деталей привода, так как при этом зна чение данной погрешности изменяется незначи'тельно по всей длине рабочего хода привода, и для случаев, когда не требуется слишком высокая точность обработки. При высокой точности обработки или износе деталей привода, который по значению неодинаков по всей длине рабочего хода стола, следует корректировать как постоянную, так и переменную составляющие погрешности.The disadvantage of this device is that such a correction of the “backlash” type error is most acceptable for machines with low wear of the drive parts, since in this case the value of this error changes insignificantly along the entire length of the drive travel, and for cases when too high machining accuracy required. With high precision machining or wear of drive parts, which by value is not the same along the entire working stroke of the table, both constant and variable components of the error should be adjusted.

Кроме того, коррекция постоянной составляющей требует предварительного измерения значения люфтов по всей длине рабочего хода с последующим усреднением.In addition, the correction of the constant component requires a preliminary measurement of the values of backlash along the entire length of the working stroke with subsequent averaging.

Целью изобретения является расширение функциональных возможностей устройства.The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в устройство для программного управления, содержащее последовательно соединенные генератор импульсов, элемент И,счетчик импульсов и интерполятор, а также последовательно соединенные блок управления, блок ввода программы, блок буферной памяти, блок рабочей памяти, логический блок и триггер коррекции, второй выход блока управления через блок буферной памяти соединен с вторым входом первого логического блока, третий выход — с вторым входом элемента И, четвертый выход - с вторым входом блока рабочей памяти, второй выход счетчика импульсов подключен к входу блока управления, привод и рабочий орган станка, введены датчик фиксации начала ряжения рабочего органа, второй логический блок и элемент ИЛИ, первым входом соединенный с выходом интерполятора, вторым входом через второй логический блок — с пятым выходом блока управления. Выход датчика фиксации начала движения рабочего органа подключен к второму входу триггера коррекции, выход которого через второй логический блок соединен с третьим входом элемента И. Третий вход вто-, рого логического блока подключен к выходу генератора импульсов. Первый вход привода соединен с выходом элемента ИЛИ, второй вход - с вторым выходом блока рабочей памяти.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for program control, containing serially connected pulse generator, element And, pulse counter and interpolator, as well as serially connected control unit, program input unit, buffer memory unit, working memory unit, logical unit and correction trigger , the second output of the control unit through the buffer memory block is connected to the second input of the first logical block, the third output is to the second input of the And element, the fourth output is to the second input of the working block memory, the second output of the pulse counter is connected to the input of the control unit, the drive and the working body of the machine, a sensor for fixing the beginning of tension of the working body, a second logical block and an OR element, the first input connected to the output of the interpolator, the second input through the second logical block with the fifth output are introduced control unit. The output of the sensor for fixing the start of movement of the working body is connected to the second input of the correction trigger, the output of which through the second logic block is connected to the third input of element I. The third input of the second logical block is connected to the output of the pulse generator. The first input of the drive is connected to the output of the OR element, the second input is connected to the second output of the working memory block.

На чертеже дана структурная схема устройства.The drawing shows a structural diagram of the device.

Устройство содержит блок управления 1, генератор импульсов 2, элемент И 3, счетчик импульсов 4, блок ввода программы 5, блок буферной памяти 6, блок рабочей памяти 7, интерполятор 8, первый логический блок 9, триггер коррекции 10, второй логический блок 11, датчик фиксации 12 начала движения рабочего органа станка, элемент ИЛИ 13, привод 14 и рабочий орган 15 станка.The device comprises a control unit 1, a pulse generator 2, an AND 3 element, a pulse counter 4, a program input unit 5, a buffer memory unit 6, a working memory unit 7, an interpolator 8, a first logical unit 9, a correction trigger 10, a second logical unit 11, a fixation sensor 12 of the beginning of the movement of the working body of the machine, the element OR 13, the drive 14 and the working body 15 of the machine.

Назначение первого логического блока 9 выдавать сигнал для запуска триггера 10 в случае, если в блоках буферной 6 и рабочей ^!40 памяти взведены противоположные триггеры знака.The purpose of the first logical unit 9 is to give a signal to trigger the trigger 10 if in the buffer blocks 6 and the working one ^! 40 memory cocked opposite sign triggers.

Второй логический блок 11 предназначен для перекрытия по окончании отработки кадра (в случае, если взведен триггер 10) элемента И 3 с целью задержки отработки следующего кадра до окончания выборки люфта и для' подачи через элемент ИЛИ 13 на привод 14 импульсов с генератора 2 до момента выборки люфта (т. е. до выключения триггера 10).The second logical block 11 is designed to overlap at the end of the frame (in case trigger 10 is cocked) element And 3 in order to delay the development of the next frame until the end of the play backlash and for 'supply through element 13 to drive 14 pulses from the generator 2 until backlash samples (i.e., until trigger 10 is turned off).

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

переписыв рабочую памяти и поступаю Программа обработки, состоящая из отдельных кадров, считывается с перфоленты блоком ввода 5 по команде блока управления 1 в блок 6 и по мере отработки кадров, содержащихся в блоке рабочей памяти 7, переписывается из буферной памяти в рабочую память, выходы которой управляют интерполятором, выдающим за один цикл работы счетчика 4 число импульсов, равное числу, записанному в блоке рабочей памяти перемещений.after rewriting the working memory, I receive a processing program consisting of separate frames that is read from the punched tape by input unit 5 at the command of control unit 1 to block 6 and, as the frames contained in working memory block 7 are processed, it is transferred from the buffer memory to working memory, the outputs of which control the interpolator, issuing for one cycle of the counter 4, the number of pulses equal to the number recorded in the block of the working memory of the movements.

Ио окончании отработки кадра (т. е. при переполнении счетчика 4) блок управления 1 при помощи элемента И 3 отключает выход генератора 2 от входа счетчика 4, производит сброс блока рабочей памяти 7, далее вает содержимое буферной памяти 6 с одновременным сбросом буферной формирует сигнал для нового кадра, ший в блок буферной памяти 6 через блок ввода 5.At the end of frame mining (i.e., when the counter 4 is overflowed), the control unit 1, using the And 3 element, disconnects the output of the generator 2 from the input of the counter 4, resets the working memory unit 7, then the contents of the buffer memory 6 with a simultaneous reset of the buffer generates a signal for a new frame, it will be sent to buffer memory block 6 via input block 5.

Если после записи нового кадра в буферную память информация о знаках перемещений в буферной памяти и рабочей памяти противоположна, при помощи блока 9, подключенного к выходам буферной и рабочей памяти знака! перемещений, взводится триггер коррекции 10, подготавливающий к работе блок 11.If, after writing a new frame to the buffer memory, information about the signs of movements in the buffer memory and working memory is opposite, using block 9 connected to the outputs of the buffer and working memory of the character! movements, cocked correction trigger 10, preparing to work block 11.

По окончании отработки кадра, содержащегося в рабочей памяти, производится сброс рабочей памяти, перепись в нее содержимого буферной памяти и ввод в буферную память нового кадра с перфоленты.At the end of working out the frame contained in the working memory, the working memory is reset, the contents of the buffer memory are transferred to it, and a new frame is inserted into the buffer memory from the punched tape.

Далее в отличие от работы устройства в обычном режиме по сигналу ’’Конец переписи”, подаваемому с блока управления на блок 11, последний продолжает удерживать элемент И 3 в закрытом состоянии, что задерживает начало отработки кадра, содержащегося в рабочей памяти, и производится коррекция люфта следующим образом. Блок 11 пропускает импульсы с выхода генератора 2 на второй вход элемента ИЛИ 13 и на вход привода, благодаря чему производится выборка люфта, которая заканчиватется в момент трогания рабочего органа 15. Этот момент фиксирует датчик 12,который, сбрасывая триггер коррекции 10, выключает блок 11, открывающий при этом элемент И 3 и разрывающий цепь между выходом генератора 2 и вторым входом элемента ИЛИ 9.Further, in contrast to the operation of the device in normal mode, according to the signal “End of the census”, supplied from the control unit to block 11, the latter continues to hold the And 3 element in the closed state, which delays the start of processing the frame contained in the working memory, and the backlash is corrected in the following way. Block 11 passes the pulses from the output of the generator 2 to the second input of the OR element 13 and to the input of the drive, due to which a backlash is selected, which ends at the moment of moving the working body 15. This moment detects the sensor 12, which, resetting the correction trigger 10, turns off the block 11 opening at the same time the element And 3 and breaking the circuit between the output of the generator 2 and the second input of the element OR 9.

После этого начинается отработка кадра, содержащегося в рабочей памяти.After that, the processing of the frame contained in the working memory begins.

Предложенное устройство позволяет повысить ₅точность и производительность обработки. Схема устройства упрощена, так как оно корректирует постоянную и переменную составляющие погрешности типа ’’люфт” и не требует предварительного измерения значений люфтов с последующим ю их усреднением. Таким образом, функциональные возможности устройства управления расширены.The proposed device allows to increase ₅ accuracy and processing performance. The scheme of the device is simplified, since it corrects the constant and variable components of the error type “backlash” and does not require preliminary measurement of the values of backlash with their subsequent averaging. Thus, the functionality of the control device is expanded.

Claims

The invention relates to the field of automation and computing and can be used in devices for programmed control of machine tools. A software control device is known comprising a correction value input unit, a pulse generator connected in series, a counter, a control unit, a memory unit and an interpolator, the other inputs of which are connected to the counter outputs, and a program input unit whose outputs are connected to the inputs of the memory block. 1. This is due to the lack of the possibility of correcting the backlash of machine feed drives. The closest to the invention to the technical essence is a device 2 for program control, comprising a correction input unit, a control unit, a program input unit connected in series, a memory unit, an interpolator, the other inputs of which are connected to the counter outputs, to the input of which the generator output is connected , pei and second elements I, connected in series the first logic unit, trigger, tert element I and the second logical unit, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the memory unit, the first input from the output correction input block, and the second input through the third element I - with the second vybdom of the control unit and the first input of the first element And whose output is connected to another input of the memory unit, and the second input to the second output of the trigger And the first input of the second element And, the second the input of which through the control unit is connected to the second input of the trigger, and the output to the input of the program input unit. Other outputs of the memory block are connected to the inputs of the first logic block. A memory block consists of a buffer and a working memory, a logic circuit. The interpolator output controls the drive of the machine. This device allows the DC component to be corrected such as the play drive backlash. The disadvantage of this device is that such a correction of the backlash type error is most suitable for stoics with low wear of the drive parts, so that the value of yes error varies slightly over the entire length of the drive stroke, and for cases when You juice processing accuracy. With high precision machining or wear parts of the drive, which by the value of the differences across the entire length of the table, you should adjust both the constant and the variable components of the error. In addition, the correction of the constant component requires a preliminary measurement of the backlash value along the entire length of the working stroke with a subsequent average. The aim of the invention is to expand the functional capabilities of the device. This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for software etching, containing sequentially connected pulse generator, element I, pulse counter and interpolator, as well as sequentially connected control unit, program input unit, buffer memory unit, working memory unit, logic unit and a correction trigger, the second output of the control unit is connected via the buffer memory block to the second input of the first logic block, the third output to the second input of the And element, the fourth output to the second input of the working block The second output of the pulse counter is connected to the input of the control unit, the drive and the operating unit of the stack, the sensor for detecting the beginning of the movement of the operating unit, the second logic unit and the element OR, the first input connected to the interpolator's output, are entered, the second input through the second logical block - with the fifth output of the control unit. The output of the sensor for fixing the start of movement of the working element is connected to the second input of the correction trigger, the output of which is connected to the third input of the element I via the second logic unit. The third input BT of the logical unit is connected to the output of the pulse generator. The first drive input is connected to the output of the OR element, the second input is connected to the second output of the working memory block. The drawing shows the block diagram of the device. The device contains a control unit 1, a pulse generator 2, an AND 3 element, a pulse counter 4, a program input block 5, a buffer memory block 6, a work block 7, an interpolator 8, the first logic block 9, the correction trigger 10, the second logic unit 11, the fixation sensor 12 of the beginning of the movement of the working body of the machine, the element OR 13, the drive 1 and the working body 15 of the machine. The purpose of the first logical block 9 is to give a signal to trigger the trigger W in the case where opposite sign triggers are set in the buffer 6 and working 7 memory blocks. The second logic unit 11 of the preadjustment for overlapping upon completion of frame processing (in case trigger 10 is triggered) of element 3 for the purpose of delaying development of the next frame until the end of the backlash sampling and for supplying pulse 14 from element OR 13 to the drive 14 from the generator backlash (i.e. before trigger off 10). The device works as follows. The processing program, consisting of individual frames, is read from the punched tape by the input block 5 by the command of the control unit 1 to block 6 and as the frames contained in the working memory 7 are processed, is copied from the buffer memory to the working memory, the outputs of which are An interpolator issuing the number of pulses equal to the number recorded in the block of the working memory of movements for one cycle of the counter 4 operation. Upon completion of frame processing (i.e., when counter 4 overflows), control unit 1, using element 3, disconnects generator 2 output from counter 4 input, resets working memory block 7, then rewrites the contents of buffer memory 6 to the working one resetting the buffer memory and generates a signal for a new frame that enters the block of buffer memory 6 through the input block 5. If, after the new frame is recorded, the information on the signs of movement in the buffer memory and the working memory is opposite, using block 9 connect the displacement trigger 10 is cocked to the outputs of the buffer and working memory of the displacement mark; block 11 is put into operation. At the end of the processing of the frame contained in the working memory, the working memory is reset, the buffer memory is written to it Memory new frame with punched tape. Further, unlike normal operation of the device by a signal. The end of the census supplied from the control unit to block 11, the latter continues to hold the AND 3 element in the closed state, which delays the start of the frame run-down contained in the working memory, and the backlash is corrected as follows in a way. Block AND transmits pulses from the output of generator 2 to the second input of the element OR 13 and to the input of the drive, thereby sampling a backlash that ends the moment of moving the working body 15. This moment captures the sensor 12, which, resetting the correction trigger 10, turns off the block 11 which opens the element AND 3 586 and breaks the circuit between the output of the generator 2 and the second input of the element OR 9. After this, the processing of the frame contained in the working memory begins. The proposed device can improve the accuracy and productivity of processing. The design of the device is simplified, since it corrects the constant and non-temporal components of the backlash type and does not require preliminary measurement of backlash values and their subsequent averaging. Thus, the functionality of the control device is extended. Claims An apparatus for software control comprising a generator, an element I, a pulse counter and an interpolator connected in series, as well as a series of control block, program input block, buffer memory block, working memory block, first logic block and correction trigger the second output of the control unit is connected to the second input of the first logic block through the buffer memory block, the third output to the second input of the And element, the fourth output to the second input of the working memory block, the second output to A pulse puller is connected to the input of the control unit, a drive and a working body of the machine, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality of the device, a sensor for detecting the onset of the movement of the working body, a second logic unit and an OR element, the first input connected to the interpolator output , the second input through the second logic block - with the fifth output of the control unit; the output of the sensor for detecting the start of movement of the working element is connected to the second input of the correction trigger, the output of which through the second logic the block is connected to the third input of the And element, the third input of the second logical block is connected to the output of the pulse generator, the first input of the drive is connected to the output of the OR element, the second input is connected to the second output of the working memory block. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Contour ZP-68 (Instructions for use PA 3.053.000 FROM).

2. USSR author's certificate in application N 2514645, cl. G 05 B 19/18, 1978 (prototype).