SU860744A1 - Method of preparing dry-fodder from food wastes - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention is related to agriculture and can be used in feed workshops and factories built near cities for preparing food from food waste, mainly individual and public catering, which will provide additional food and will also contribute to sanitary cleaning of cities and industrial centers.

A known method of preparing dry food from food waste: | 1, including crushing waste, separating the fur) of no trace impurities, dehydrating to 80% humidity 1, mixing waste with end feeds in a ratio of 1:10 to obtain a mixture of 76.5% moisture, drying; drier, mechanical granulation. But this method requires numerous equipment, storage facilities for end-feeds, high energy consumption. In addition, as shown by the VNIIMZH experiments, when receiving feed by the lime method in a drum dryer, sintering of lumps of mass is observed, which ultimately significantly reduces the productivity and quality of the resulting product.

A known method for obtaining granulated and food from food waste, including grinding, separation of mechanical impurities {2, mixing food waste with moisture with ingredients, for example, with compound feed and grass meal, in 5 ratio,%:

Food waste30 70

Feed 50-70

Herbs on; flour 5-10

and drying of the feed mixture with humidity of 40-60% in

10 with a drum dryer and a temperature of from 100 to 900 ° C with simultaneous granulation due to the rolling of feed particles along the drum walls.

However, this method is inefficient.

15 in terms of raw materials, since in order to obtain flowability, a decrease in the moisture content of food waste from 80–87 to 40–60% supplied to the brewing container is carried out by adding to the food waste, combi feed and grass flour. This is to get an existing method of 1000 kg / h of granulated kyurm moisture 15.88% in a drum dryer, for example, type SZSB-4, you must add 800 kg

25 feed and other additives in 840 kg of food waste with humidity of 85% for 1 hour.

Thus, in the finished product, food waste will be about 200 kg or

30 20%, and feed and other additives - 80%,

which significantly increases the cost of the product. At the same time, food waste and especially feed and other additives at high temperatures from 100 to 90 ° C significantly lose their nutritional value, since the drying of the feed mixture in the dryer drum is 18 minutes. Sushchest.vuyush; Iy method does not provide, within the limits of norm., Cleaning of written waste from inedible impurities.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity and improve the quality of the obtained product.

The goal is achieved by the fact that, according to the known method, the preparation of dry granulated feed from food waste, including grinding to sizes no more than 5 mm, separation of mechanical impurities, mixing with the mixer and other additives, drying with simultaneous pranulating in a drum dryer due to rolling - feed along drum walls and cooling; food waste after separation of mechanical impurities is successively boiled at 100 ° C to obtain a homogeneous mass, reducing viscosity and drying process, remove the remaining impurities, grind to sizes not more than 0.1 mm and pre-dry by sawing for 15-30 with a hot-melt heat carrier with a temperature of 600-1200 ° C. The resulting product is granulated with drying to the required humidity in a fluidized bed (fluidized bed) with a temperature of 100-500 ° C.

The finished product has a high homogeneity and a high granular capacity. The size of the granules is regulated. IMoiryr granules to be obtained in sizes from 0.5 to

5mm.

The drawing shows a technological process, which removes the proposed method.

Livi contains a receiving tank 1, a bucket loader 2, which is connected to a small column COLUMN 3 installed above handpiece 4. Direct storage containers 5 are connected in series (connected through a separator

6 food waste, bunker with dosing screw 7, continuous chopper 8, chopper 9.

Intermediate tank 5 through the supply unit; and flow meter 10 is connected to the spray boiling sludge granulator RKSG 11, where the flue gases are fed from the furnaces 12 and 13 equipped with high-speed fans (not shown).

The RKSG device 11 is connected via a cyclone 14 to the exhauster 15, as well as through a lock valve 16, to a cooling column 17 and to a pneumatic transport 18 to a cyclone 14, which is connected to the furnace 13.

Food waste from the receiving tank 1 by the bucket loader 2 through the M1-column 1 column 3 is fed to the crusher 4, where the mass is freed from ferromagnetic impurities, crushed to p-sizes of not more than 5 MIM and the intermediate tank 5 is directed to B.

The crushed mass is separated from impurities (trout, glass, wood, bones, rubber stoppers, etc.) in the food waste separator 6 and the dosing screw 7 is fed to the continuous cooker 8, where it is boiled at 100 ° C.

Removal of residues of impurities is carried out in the separator 6 of food waste 1 a smaller perforation.

The mass is then ground to a size of no more than 0.1 mm in crusher 9 and sent to an intermediate tank 5, from where a flow meter 10 is fed to a dispenser of special design located in the upper part of the spray boiling device 11.

From Toiki 12, gases with a temperature of 600–1200 ° C enter the nesting granulator at high speed, where they disperse the incoming mass and interact with the sprayed particles of the material. From the furnace 13, gases with a temperature of 100-150 ° C enter the zone of the fluidized bed.

The graded "dried product" is removed from the dryer-granulator 11 and sent through a slotted valve 16 to a cooling column 17. Exhaust gases, having undergone a dry cleaning in a cyclone 14, are exhausted to the atmosphere by a smoke exhauster 15 or used to heat the raw material.

The dust of the product from the cyclone 14 is returned to the fluidized bed of the RKSG 11 P1neV dryer-granulator | Motransporter 18.

The proposed method for the preparation of dry litter feed from food waste provides the following advantages over existing methods:

a significant increase in productivity and improving the quality of the product;

 saving of feeds, mixed feeds and other additives, as there is no need to add them to food waste, as a filler, in order to obtain flowability before heating;

reducing the number of staff and energy consumption per unit of the resulting product;

the possibility of fully automating the process.

Claims (2)

1. A method of preparing dry food from food waste, which includes grinding, separating mechanical primie, essence, spraying and cooling, which, in order to increase productivity and improve the quality of the product, after the separation of mechanical impurities, pre-boil Ayut, remove residuals of impurities, crush to a size of no more than 0.1 mm, and drying is carried out by spraying simultaneously with granulation and drying the liquid in a fluidized bed with a temperature of gas-free heat carrier 100- 500 ° C. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that food waste during drying is sprayed directly with a gaseous coolant with a temperature of 600-1200 ° C. 5 Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Processing of food waste. Vladimir, “Giproselhozprom, 1979. 2. Author's certificate of the USSR 10 N ° 422404, cl. A 23 C 1/10, 1971.