SU857352A1 - Impact device - Google Patents

Description

(54) SHOCK DEVICE

one

The invention relates to construction equipment and can be used for driving piles into the ground.

A diesel hammer is known for driving piles into the ground, which contains a working cylinder with upper and lower nozzles located in it, the upper ones of which are provided with dampers and stops to limit their rotation I.

However, such a diesel-hammer pollutes the environment (creates sound, emits harmful gases).

It is also known a device for driving piles, comprising a body made in the form of a cylinder, inside which there is a working chamber filled with an electrically conductive viscous fluid, a movable spring-loaded piston, a drummer 2.

The disadvantage of the installation is that for its effective operation it is necessary to additionally use a drummer in the form of a diesel hammer, which pollutes the environment with harmful exhaust gases and creates a strong noise. In addition, the simultaneous use of a hammer and a device acting on the principle of electrical discharges leads to a large power consumption.

The closest to the proposed technical essence is a percussion device comprising a hollow body with a working chamber filled with liquid, electrodes installed in it and a shock shield 3.

However, the known device is not effective enough in operation.

The purpose of the invention is to increase work efficiency.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a percussion device that includes a hollow body with a working chamber filled with liquid, electrodes installed in it and a shock piston, the body is equipped with additional working chambers mounted successively one after the other in height and separated by plastic membranes. each chamber is located under the elastic membrane and is spring-loaded at the bottom.

The drawing is given a device for driving

20 piles in the ground, longitudinal section.

The device includes a housing consisting of cylindrical sections of working chambers.

1-3, between which are fixed elastic membrane 4-6. Each chamber has a pair of working electrodes 7 and 8. The cavities of sections 1-3 are filled with working fluid 9, for example water. Pistons 10-12 are located under the elastic diaphragms. Under each piston there are devices that ensure the pistons return to their initial position after their working stroke, made in the form of springs 13 and 14. The lower part of the device is equipped with a guide cylinder 15, which is rigidly connected to the ring 16 . To increase the mass of the device, an additional load of 17 in the form of a cylinder of heavy material, such as cast iron, is installed on its upper part.

The device works as follows.

Before starting, the device for driving piles into the ground is installed at the end of the pile in a vertical position by means of a lifting mechanism (not shown). A pulse current generator is connected to electrodes 7 and 8, which has the ability to supply a series of high-voltage pulse discharges. The first electrical discharge is created in the upper section 1. The shock wave arising at the moment of discharge deforms the elastic membrane, which transfers pressure to the piston 10, which under the action of pressure moves downwards, and compressing the working fluid in section 2 causes the piston 11 to move downwards, Which in turn acts on the working fluid of section 3 and causes movement of the piston 12, which presses against the pile 18.

The discharge power in section 2 is of such magnitude that it provides further movement of the pistons 11 and 12 downwards, but stops the piston 10. In this case, the energy of the piston 10 due to the conservation of the amount of energy is transferred to the pistons Ni 12.

A discharge is created in the lower section 3. Again, the discharge power is selected such that the piston 11 stops and its energy is transmitted to Porsch 12. Thus, the entire energy of the series of three electric discharges is transmitted ultimately to Ps 12, which transmits to the pile 18 large axial vibration load, under the action of which the pile is at high speed

It is immersed in the ground for a certain distance, the magnitude of which is determined by the power of the electric discharges, the mass of the hull, weights and pistons, the mass of the driven pile and the magnitude of the resistance of the soil. After the end of the series of electrical discharges, the pistons 10-12 under the action of the springs 13 and 14 return to their original position.

Under the action of the next series of electrical discharges, the shaft 18 is again submerged to a certain depth, and so on, until the pile is lowered to the calculated depth.

The manufacture of a body consisting of sections between which elastic membranes are fixed, and the presence of a spring to return the elements to their initial position after their working stroke, makes it possible to create a highly economical installation that clogs the piles into the ground at high speed and relatively low power consumption. The unit works silently and does not pollute the environment, which is especially important when using it in the city. The installation design allows it to be used when driving piles in enclosed spaces, in tunnels, shchakht, as well as when piling at the bottom of various reservoirs.

Claims (3)

1. USSR author's certificate number 610916, cl. E 02 D 7/12 1976. 2. US patent number 4029158, cl. 173-131, published. 1977. 3. USSR author's certificate number 109285, cl. E 21 C 3/20, 1956. Y ///// m7 //// // 7 /// y