SU846959A1 - Electric salt furnace for melting non-ferrous metals - Google Patents

Description

(54) ELECTRIC SOLAR FURNACE FOR MELTING NON-FERROUS METALS

one

The invention relates to metallurgy and is intended for the remelting of secondary metals, for example, sprues and scrap, of castings from aluminum alloys, as well as aluminum die-cutting and chips.

A known furnace for smelting non-ferrous metals from scrap metal, metal chips and scrap. The furnace contains a lined melting chamber, heating electrodes, devices for furnace loading and metal discharge 1.

The closest to the technical essence of the invention is an electric salt furnace for melting non-ferrous metals, including a lined melting chamber, a metal hopper, heating electrodes, devices for loading and unloading the furnace 2.

However, a disadvantage of the described furnace is the presence of an auxiliary tank, which increases the dimensions of the furnace, and an additional device, the immersion body. In this case, there is an additional energy consumption for heating the auxiliary tank, the immersion body, and the additional volume of the salt melt. Powerful body required to move the body

drive mechanism. In addition, melting in a steel basket predetermines the saturation of aluminum alloys with iron, which degrades the quality of the alloys.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the dimensions of the furnace, reduce energy consumption, improve the quality of alloys.

The goal is achieved by the fact that under the horizontally placed electrodes in the furnace lining at a height of 0,

The diameters of the electrodes are made with a threshold with a slope of 2-10 ° in the direction of the digger, and the receiving wall of the boot device is made at an angle of 50-60 °.

The drawing shows the proposed electric salt furnace, a general view.

15 In the proposed design of an electric salt furnace, three structural zones are distinguished, which in the arrangement are one whole - the electric salt furnace; A - the upper part - the zone of the border of the furnace and the surrounding atmosphere; B - middle part - metal melting zone; C - lower part - liquid metal accumulator with a device for metal and flux discharge. The icpxHH / i part of lechi A consists of an immersion: -orlo; n1y I with a receiver naira vtsoy telkpy 2, performed with an ocTocTiicHHoro slope loaded by Ilji, T-e. iic.vi. iViOM оО - бО to the axis abs: H of lining 3 FROM the fur 1 ches- ... u.,; iMA (green wall 2 is closed ;;: iiC ;; oH:, 11 cnt () nd 4. Boot | -Org: , eC) ;; n; e1Stevenno n sun oven, 1rek. k |) yi: x) nd 5 with electromechanical.: ohm 6. Lid 5 with a mechanism b-iTjii Ooaiic voyo 7, furnaces, | -e.1), 1 outlet; :: ve) ti t It is a system 8., part B is composed of footsii-ui).) r1g; p; .1Gd 9 - places of smelting; : 1 1h1; bitter horizontally placed i i.Uj ID –liruibix phases on Bi icoTe 0,5-- I, O; i. – f:; :: yi.iOKipoia from the greatest 11 level; T u-a. KojiiiMecTBO installed elect .ol j..ir from capacity and manufacturer. Pech.i small capacity equip electrodes; for the big-time eat; productivity number eleksd) l / button to be a multiple of 2 and, r1, and 3. Ps. gro 9 and complete with a slope of 2-10 in the direction of the pigment 11 to ensure the flow of molten metal. Level.) Go metal in the mine; Cnick C is below the urgich of threshold 9 and is supported by the device; and automati cally regulate 12 smelting but resistance of salt iH between electrodes and metal - Dky metal; 1a is produced. Cutting: 13. 13. All of the constuction netoSHOBoinia by 14. l. aH) returns as follows. In the smelting zone B and part C || They are a mixture of salts, nanpiiMep, x; 1 potassium and sodium, cryolite, electrodes 10 and the temperature of the reaction is increased to 850 --- 900 ° C. Drive 6 opens the lid 5 and through the loading neck 1 on the armored car; .aij, iiTV 4 n | M1emnoy wall 2 io7. But). Uib ii.iiiXTiii (sprue. Gates, defective castings, structure, etc.) shut down. The mixture slides over the armor protection 4, is dipped into the salt melt and 3 kilowatt of ilavits. On riopoie 9, the melting of the charge, which flows down, is completed. Threshold 9 Liquid. Meg. accumulates in the piggy-box 11. The accumulated metal is removed from the furnace through a tap hole 13. Then the cover 5 is opened, the charge is charged and the smelting process is repeated. In the process of melting ishkhta in the layer of raeilava flux, refining and metal modification takes place. Salt melt is produced by a solid free-flowing mixture through the neck 1. Partial or complete removal of the salt melt is performed through the bore 13. The furnace gases are removed through the removable arch 7 into the ventilation system 8. The arch 7 is removed for cleaning and repairing the furnace, while the melting zone B the electrodes 10, the threshold 9, the digger 11 with the inlet of the notch 13 fully open. In comparison with the known, in the furnace of the proposed design, the bulk of the metal with iron is eliminated by conducting smelting without an iron basket, due to which the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy increases and its plasticity increases. For example, Al 4 plasticity varies sb-3.6% to 6 -7.6%, resistance to rupture in the proposed io-23kg / mm2, in the well-known 6-26kg / mm2 The electric salt furnace of the proposed design is twice as small as performance. Intensification of the process is achieved by arranging the threshold 9 - electrodes 10, installed at a height of 0.5-1.0 diameters of the electrode from the lowest threshold level. Such an arrangement of the electrodes makes it possible to create on the threshold a zone of the greatest electric power flows in the salt melt. Placing electrodes above the threshold. At a distance of less than 0.5 of the electrode diameter is not recommended, since the threshold lining operation is tightened, and their installation at a height of 1.0 diameter is selected from consideration of the optimality of the electric power consumption. Improving the quality of metal refining and, consequently, its physico-technical properties is achieved by a constructive-technological layout: electrodes — a molten metal in the chamber below the threshold level. Liquid metal flows down the threshold into the accumulator through the slag of the zone of the largest electric power flows. The hydrodynamic features of the variation of the metal with the slag lead to the formation of a developed, constantly renewed contact surface of the metal with the slag. Save electricity - 60 kW / h per 1 ton of metal. Formulas of Invention An electric salt furnace for melting non-ferrous metals, mainly aluminum alloys, including a lined melting chamber, a metal digger, heating electrodes, loading and unloading devices, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the alloy, reduce energy consumption and furnace dimensions. , under the electrodes horizontally installed in the furnace lining, at a height of 0.5-1.0 diameters of the electrodes, the threshold is e with a slope of 2-10 ° in the direction of the digger, and

the wall of the boot device is made at an angle of 50-60 °.

Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. USSR author's certificate number 405003, cl. F 27 B 3/06, 1972.

2. USSR author's certificate number 551491, cl. F 27 B 17/00, 1975.

Claims (2)

Formulas of the invention An electric salt furnace for melting non-ferrous metals, mainly aluminum alloys, including a lined melting chamber, a piggy bank for metal, heating electrodes, devices for loading and unloading, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the alloy, reduce energy consumption and dimensions of the furnace, horizontally the electrodes installed in the lining of the furnace, a threshold with a slope is made at a height of 0.5-1.0 electrode diameters 2-10 ° towards the piggy bank, and the receiving wall of the loading device is made at an angle of 50-60 °.