SU843928A1 - Method of preserving feeding-stuff - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR CONSERVING FEED

one

This invention relates to the production of feed for farm animals and can also be used in food preservation.

Methods of preserving feed are known, which consist in introducing a chemical preservative, an inhibitor of putrefactive microflora, into the feed mass or food products. The preservative is applied to the surface of the feed by spraying it with the nozzle 1.

However, canned food is characterized by insufficient reliability of storage, since spraying the preservative by the nozzle does not allow obtaining the necessary degree of homogeneity of the distribution of the preservative in the mixture.

There is also known a method of preserving food, mainly fodder grain, which includes preheating the organic acid of the preservative to 60-70 ° C and subsequent processing of the food with acid vapors using heated air fed to the feed {2. The use of preservative vapors contributes to the uniform distribution of the preservative in the feed mass .:

In the known method, acid vapors have a small partial pressure (for propionic acid at a temperature of € 0-70 ° C, it is 30-45 mm Hg) and therefore a carrier air must be used that creates the excess pressure necessary to supply vapor in feed. The implementation of this method requires heating the carrier air, organizing its transportation and mixing with preservative vapors, which makes the apparatus 5 difficult to implement. In addition, as shown by the practice of using this method, the fungicidal effect in preserving food is insufficient.

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The purpose of the invention is to increase the preservative effect and simplify the method of preservation.

This goal is achieved by the method consisting in preheating the preservative — an organic acid before boiling and subsequent treatment with boiling acid vapors of the feed.

Figure 1 {shows a diagram of the equipment for canning wet

feed grain by the proposed method; Fig. 2 shows a comparison of I149 with data on the reliability of storage preserved by the known HCWy and the proposed methods.

Wet coarse grains (Fig. 1) are loaded from above with a feeder 1 into a contact device 2, in which it moves down under its own weight to a discharge device 3. A chemical preservative, for example propionic acid, is fed by gravity from tank 4 to degree 5 which is automatically controlled by the float shut-off valve b, the propionic acid in the steam generator equipped with heating elements 7 is heated to the boiling point and the steam evolving during this is sent to the contact a device that regulates its entry by a valve 8. In a contact device, a wet mirror control of the state of canned grain was carried out by monitoring the change in its temperature during storage. An increase in temperature to a level of 30–35 ° C indicated a self-burning of the grain mass due to the intensive development of putrefactive microflora in a wet grain.

Comparison of the temperature mode of storage of grain in experiments No. 2 and No. 4 shows that when processing grain with the same amount of acid (dose 0.55 wt.%), The permissible storage period is 1 month for applying the preservative in a known manner and 3 months for the proposed way. An increase in the permissible grain storage period using the proposed method also follows from a comparison of grain storage modes in experiments 3 and 5: with single acid consumption (dose 0.70 wt.%), The permissible grain storage periods are 3 and 5.5 months, respectively. TSV

In experiments 3 and 4, the permissible grain storage period was obtained equally when moving from top to bottom in an environment of propionic acid vapor distributed through the volume through the throttle device 9. Due to the temperature difference (the boiling point of propionic acid, ... 20 C) heat exchange takes place between the steam and the grain, as a result of which the propionic acid vapor condenses and deposits on the surface of the grain.

Example. The preservative was introduced into the grain mass: in the first method, by condensation of saturated preservative vapors on the surface of the grain, in the second method, by spraying the nozzle preservative. Corn barley was preserved in moisture content of 26.6%, using 100% propionic acid as a preservative. Conditions of the experiments are given in table. eleven

Table

.in 3 months, despite the various doses of acid added: 0.70 wt.% in experiment No. 3 and 0.55 wt.% in experiment 4.

These data indicate that when using the proposed method of preserving, it is possible to increase the reliability (allowable period) of storing wet grain at a given dose of adding acid or reduce the preservative consumption by 1.25 compared with preservative spraying during a certain perdoda.

In the proposed method, the carrier is not used: the pairs are used in pure form. Their feeding is achieved by heating the liquid to the boiling point. In this case, the excess vapor pressure of the liquid is sufficient to supply the preservative to the feed, and the use of carrier air is eliminated. The use of preservative vapor in its pure form (without carrier) reduces energy consumption and simplifies the instrumental

canning, as it eliminates the need to heat the air in a separate heater, transport it and mix it with preservative vapors. In addition, the process of condensation of pure preservative vapor on the surface of the feed is more intense due to their higher concentration.

Increasing the vapor temperature of a preservative contributes to a more effective effect of the temperature of propionic acid vapor on the effectiveness of preserving grain (grain moisture

28.5%; acid concentration in the treated grain 0.3%) Note. The content of mold storage of grain treated in pairs is taken as 100.

From a review of the data in the table, it follows that the use of the proposed method as compared to the known method allows to increase the preservation, the ruining effect of the vapors and increase the safe storage of grain by 25%.

The obtained positive effect in the preservation of grain by the proposed method is due both to the improvement of the homogeneity of the mixture of grain with the preservative, and to the enhancement of the fungicide: the effect of the preservative, its benefit, its effect at the vapor condensation temperature.

; Thus, the use of the proposed method of preserving feed as compared to the known technical solutions of the same task allows increasing the reliability (permissible storage period) of the feed at equal cost of the preservative or reducing the consumption of preservative with the same preservation of the feed, i.e. the fungicidal effect of the use of a preservative with increasing vapor temperature increases. The effect of the temperature of propionic acid vapor on the effect of preservation compared with the known results was confirmed by experiments carried out in the laboratory of active ventilation and storage of VIM grain (Table 2).

Table 2

requirements for reliable storage.

Claims (1)

1. USSR author's certificate I 320969, class, A 23 K 3/03, 1970. 2 USSR author's certificate p. 2491326/15, cl. A 23 K 3/00 1977. and the duration of the acid LR 20 C, FIG.  ff-l experience - ff-Z experience -experience -Experience NTS -experience