SU825898A1 - Hydraulic percussive mechanism for earth-drilling machines - Google Patents

Description

(54) HYDRAULIC SHOCK ACTION FOR DRILLING MACHINES

I

The invention relates to a mining technique, namely, to a hydraulic IMC with hammering bodies of drilling machines.

A hydraulic removal device is known, comprising a housing inside which is movably placed 1 порш a piston block, periodically striking the shank of a drilling tool, and a working plunger interacting with a hydraulic accumulator; switchgear and operating and reversing cameras 1,

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a hydraulic percussion device for drilling machines, comprising a housing, a striker with a plunger, a tool shank, a hydraulic accumulator with an accumulating cavity of the striker chamber and a drain overflow chamber 2.

The disadvantage of this device is that it is not possible to obtain a high power of a single impact of a bbz corresponding to an increase in the volume of the accumulating cavity, which, if necessary, the creation of powerful hydro impact devices leads to a sharp increase in the weight and dimensions of the machine.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the power of a single blow.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the hydroaccumulator is made in the form of a stepped cup having a bottom in a step of a larger diameter and installed in the possibility of axial reciprocating movement in the device body, while the bottom of the glass forms a pressure cavity with the device body, which is constant with the camera working stroke of the striker, and accumulating. The cavity communicates with the overflow KS # Eroy drain through the check valve.

In addition, the pressure cavity of the hydroaccumulus of the torus and the overflow of the kgser

0 the drain can be connected to the pump via a spring-loaded reversing valve.

The drawing shows a hydrokinematic scheme of the device proposed.

The hydraulic percussion device includes a housing 1, inside of which the head 2, a plunger 3 and a shank 4 of a drilling tool are located.

Claims (2)

0 The hydroaccumulator is made in the case 1 with the possibility of axial reciprocating movement, made in the form of a stepped cup 5, having a bottom 6 in a step of a larger diameter. The bottom 6 of the cup 5 and the body 1 of the device form between themselves a cavity 7, which is permanently connected to the chamber 8 of the working stroke of the striker 2. The accumulating cavity 9 of increased pressure through the check valve .10 communicates with the overflow chamber 11 of the drain. Depending on the position of the on-off control spool 13, KciMepa 12 of the return stroke of the striker 2 can communicate directly with the overflow chamber 11 of the drain or through the pressure chamber 7 of the hydraulic accumulator with the camera 8 of the stroke of the striker 2, Relay switching of the spool 13 is performed using the control cavity 14 which, depending on the relative position of the striker 2 and the housing 1, can communicate with the pressure or drain of the hydraulic system. A reversible pressure slide valve 15, installed between the percussion mechanism and the hydraulic actuator (pump 16), follows the presence of pressure in the pressure line and is loaded with a spring 17. The device operates as follows. After the drive pump 16 is turned on, the working fluid through the reversing slide valve 15, which at this time under the action of the elastic force of the spring 17 occupies the left position, enters the draining chamber 11 and the accumulating cavity 9 connected to it via a non-return valve 10 until the cup 5 is moved to the extreme right position. Further, due to the continuously flowing flow of fluid, the pressure in the hydraulic system rises sharply and the reversing slide valve 15 under the action of fluid from apornoy line against elastic force of the spring 17, moves to the right. Then, the working fluid, changing its direction of movement through the pipelines, begins to flow through the control valve 13 into the backstop chamber 12 and, by mine, through the pressure chamber 7 of the hydroaccumulator to the chamber 8 of the striker 2 stroke. 2 under the action of the difference of forces acting on it from the side of the chamber 12 and the plunger 3, is detached from the tail shaft, 4 drilling tools and moving rapidly from the left, making a reverse stroke, which is accompanied by the displacement of the volume of fluid in the chamber 11, discharge and compression of volumes bones located in cavities 7 and 9. Compression of the liquid in the accumulating cavity 9 is carried out under a pressure exceeding the pressure in the naor line by an amount equal to peepad of the front areas of the stepped takana 5. Equal position after the pressure of its control cavity 14 through the pressure through the cutting chamber 12. As a result, the chamber 12 communicates with the valve 11 through the chamber 11, the pressure in them is equalized and the firing pin 2 under the action of force from the side of the chamber 8 is first braked and then moves rapidly to the right, making a working stroke. At the end of the working stroke, the cavity 14 communicates with the drain and the spool 13. under the action of the force of the fluid pressure, permanently applied to its right end, returns to its original position. Then the cycle repeats. The potential energy of a fluid compressed under increased pressure in the storage cavity 9 is used to communicate the kinematic energy to the striker 2 after it has been acquired. speeds exceeding the corresponding flow rate of the drive pump during the working stroke. During the period of operation of the percussion device, the volume of the accumulating cavity 9 due to leakage of liquid gradually decreases. Moreover, before the striking 2 of a certain number of cycles, a possible pressure drop of this cavity is restored by moving the cup 5 to the back wall of the housing 1.. However, the possibility of full pressure recovery in the cavity 9 due to the movement of the glass 5 after a certain period of time is exhausted, since the path of movement is limited, and the subsequent oscillatory movement of the moving masses continues under the action of gradually decreasing pressure of the liquid in the accumulating cavity. 9 and, consequently, in the pressure line lasts as long as the reversing valve 15 under the force of the spring °17, overcoming the force of the reduced pressure of the fluid, APPENDIX to the opposite side, not is switched to the left position. In this case, the pressure with the discharge changes, and a process proceeds next, similar to the starting torque, which is described above. Claim 1. Hydraulic percussion device for drilling machines, comprising a housing, a striker with a plunger, a tool shank, a hydraulic accumulator with an accumulating cavity, an operating and reverse chambers of the striker and an overflow chamber of the drain, characterized in that in order to increase the power of a single blow , the hydroaccumulator torus is made in the form of a stupron glass having a bottom in a step of a larger diameter and installed with the possibility of axially reciprocating movement in the device body, while the bottom with Tacana forms a pressure cavity with the device body, which is in fluid communication with the striker chamber, and the accumulation cavity communicates with the overflow chamber of the drain through a check valve. S 9 S 7 3 2. The device according to p. 1, of which is that the pressure chamber of the hydroaccumulator and the overflow chamber of the drain are connected to the pump via a spring-loaded reversing valve. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The author's certificate of the USSR 550002, cl. E 21 C 3/20, 1974. 2. Authors certificate of the USSR 594308, cl. E 21 C 3/20, 1975 (prototype).