SU817738A1

SU817738A1 - Multi-reading position sensor and method of measuring position with aid of sensor

Info

Publication number: SU817738A1
Application number: SU762377752A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Георгий Илиасович Алкин
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я Р-6930
Priority date: 1976-07-02
Filing date: 1976-07-02
Publication date: 1981-03-30

Description

Изобретение относится к приборостроению и может быть использовано в устройствах измерения перемещений подвижных узлов станков, измерительных машин и приборов.The invention relates to instrumentation and can be used in devices for measuring the movements of the moving nodes of machines, measuring machines and devices.

В современном машиностроении и приборостроении для определения точного абсолютного взаимного положения перемещаемых узлов используются многоотсчетные датчики положения.In modern engineering and instrumentation, multi-reference position sensors are used to determine the exact absolute relative position of the moving nodes.

Известен двухканальйыйдатчик перемещений в виде синусно-косйнусного поворотного трансформатора с ферритовым магнитопроводом и печатными обмотками ·Known two-channel displacement sensor in the form of a sine-cosine rotary transformer with a ferrite core and printed windings ·

Недостатком данного датчика является сложность его изготовления.The disadvantage of this sensor is the complexity of its manufacture.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому является многоотсчетный датчик положения, содержащий неподвижный и подвижный элементы с плоскими противолежащими поверхностями, снабженными печатными обмотками первого грубого и второго каналов в п раз точнее первого точного, обмотки последнего выполнены в виде периодического зигзага с периодом Т, а обмотки грубого канала - непрерывными, на одном из элементов размещены по одной несекционированной обмотке каждого иэ каналов, на другом элементе - по две секционированные обмотки каждого . из каналов, обмотки каналов выполнены с разными периодами, один из элемен3 тов снабжен токоподводами для подключения к источнику питания.Closest to the proposed one is a multi-position sensor containing fixed and movable elements with flat opposite surfaces equipped with printed windings of the first coarse and second channels n times more accurate than the first accurate, the windings of the latter are made in the form of a periodic zigzag with period T, and the coils of the coarse channel continuous, on one of the elements are placed one non-sectioned winding of each channel, on the other element - two sectioned windings of each. of channels, channel windings are made with different periods, one of the elements is equipped with current leads for connection to a power source.

Способ измерения положения с мощью такого датчика основан на ._ измерении фазы сигналов точного по· • измерении фазы сигналов точного и грубого каналов и сопоставлении фазы сигнала точного канала с опорным сигналом. При этом сдвиг по фазе сигнала точного канала равен:The method of measuring the position with the power of such a sensor is based on ._ measuring the phase of the signals of the exact · · measuring the phase of the signals of the exact and coarse channels and comparing the phase of the signal of the exact channel with the reference signal. In this case, the phase shift of the signal of the exact channel is equal to:

Ύ Т ' где х - перемещение элементов;Ύ T 'where x is the movement of elements;

Т - период обмоток точного канала.T is the period of the windings of the exact channel.

получения информации по грубомуobtaining information on gross

Для получения информации по грубому каналу фазу этого сигнала, которая в этом случае равна Ψ_Γ - 21tx/nT, сравнивают с тем же опорным сигналом. В результате измерений получают, что при одном и том же перемещении х фаза сигнала грубого канала изменяется в η раз меньше фазы сигнала точного канала {2] . ' _To obtain information on the coarse channel, the phase of this signal, which in this case is equal to Ψ _Γ - 21tx / nT, is compared with the same reference signal. As a result of the measurements, it is obtained that with the same movement x the phase of the signal of the coarse channel changes η times less than the phase of the signal of the exact channel {2]. '_

Недостаток известного датчика сложность изготовления обмоток гру3 бого канала, а вместе с тем и все- J го датчика.A disadvantage of the known sensor is the difficulty in manufacturing coils of the coarse channel, and at the same time of the entire J sensor.

Цель изобретения - упрощение изготовления датчика.The purpose of the invention is to simplify the manufacture of the sensor.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что Обмотки грубого канала выполнены с шагом nT/ntl из прямолинейных отрезков проводников, расположенных перпендикулярно перемещению, а на элементе с токоподводами к источнику питания проводники обмотки грубого канала выполнены как продолжение проводников обмотки точного канала. В известном способе измерения положения фазу сигнала грубого канала измеряют относительно сигнала точного канала.This goal is achieved by the fact that the coils of the coarse channel are made with step nT / ntl of straight-line segments of conductors located perpendicular to the movement, and on the element with current leads to the power source, the coils of the coils of the coarse channel are made as a continuation of the windings of the coil of the exact channel. In a known position measurement method, the phase of the coarse channel signal is measured relative to the exact channel signal.

На фиг. 1 изображен элемент датчика с зигзагообразными обмотками, на фиг. 2 - элемент линейного датчика с секционированными обмотками, а на фиг. 3 - элементы кругового датчика с зигзагообразными обмотками.In FIG. 1 shows a sensor element with zigzag windings; FIG. 2 - element of a linear sensor with sectioned windings, and in FIG. 3 - elements of a circular sensor with zigzag windings.

На одном из элементов 1 датчика размещены несекционированные обмотки 2 точного канала с периодом Т и выводами 3 и обмотки 4 грубого канала с периодом с выводами 5. По тыльной·стороне элемента проходят проводные перемычки 6. На другом элементе 7 размещены по две секционированные обмотки каждого из каналов: 8 и 9 точного, 10 и 11 грубого, а также выводы 12 и 13 обмоток.On one of the sensor elements 1, non-sectioned windings 2 of the exact channel with period T and terminals 3 and coils 4 of the coarse channel with a period with terminals 5 are placed. Wire jumpers 6 are passed on the rear side of the element 6. Two sectioned windings of each of them are placed on the other element 7 channels: 8 and 9 accurate, 10 and 11 coarse, as well as the findings of 12 and 13 windings.

Обмотки 8 и 9 точного и обмотки 10 и 11 грубого каналов соединены последовательно, причем это осуществляется за счет выполнения проводников грубых обмоток 10 и 11 как продолжение проводников соответственно обмоток 8 и 9 точного канала. Такое выполнение обмоток допустимо в том случае, если напряжение питания подводится со стороны секционированных обмоток. Если запитка производится со стороны зигзагообразных обмоток, то секционированные обмотки должны быть выполнены раздельными, с отдельными выводами. Однако, в этом случае последовательно соединенными могут быть выполнены зигзагообразные обмотки грубого и точного каналов. Последовательное соединение проводников уменьшает количество выводов и проводных перемычек и, тем самым упрощает изготовление датчика.The windings 8 and 9 of the exact and the windings 10 and 11 of the coarse channels are connected in series, and this is done by performing the conductors of the coarse windings 10 and 11 as a continuation of the conductors of the windings 8 and 9 of the exact channel, respectively. This embodiment of the windings is permissible if the supply voltage is supplied from the sectioned windings. If washing is done from the side of the zigzag windings, then the sectioned windings must be made separate, with separate leads. However, in this case, zigzag coils of coarse and fine channels can be connected in series. Serial connection of conductors reduces the number of pins and wire jumpers and thereby simplifies the manufacture of the sensor.

Элемент кругового датчика содержит ротор 14, обмотки 15 и 16 точного и грубого каналов и их выводы 17 и 18.The element of the circular sensor contains a rotor 14, windings 15 and 16 of the exact and coarse channels and their conclusions 17 and 18.

Обмотка точного канала кругового индуктосина содержит, как правило, 180 или 760 пар полюсов. .В том случае, если грубый отсчет осуществляется на 1 оборот датчика, обмотка грубого канала должна содержать 180*1 или 360±1 полных пар полюсов, а ее шаг должен равняться и частям шага обмотки точного отсчета.The winding of the exact channel of a circular inductosin contains, as a rule, 180 or 760 pairs of poles. .In the event that a coarse reading is carried out per 1 revolution of the sensor, the coarse channel winding should contain 180 * 1 or 360 ± 1 full pairs of poles, and its pitch should be equal to the parts of the step of the exact reading winding.

Датчик работает следующим образом.The sensor operates as follows.

Секционированные обмотки 8-т11 за(0 питывают синусоидальными токами:Sectioned windings 8-t11 per (0 feed sinusoidal currents:

I₄ = Ι_α = I_mcosuJt..I ₄ = Ι _α = I _m cosuJt ..

Коэффициенты взаимной индукции между секционированными 8-11 и соответствующими несекционированными 4 и 2 обмотками равны:Coefficients of mutual induction between sectioned 8-11 and the corresponding non-sectioned 4 and 2 windings are equal:

^β = М^соэФ , где Ф - фаза взаимного перемещения элементов 1 и 7 датчика. ^β = M ^ soEF, where Ф is the phase of mutual displacement of the sensor elements 1 and 7.

Для точного канала φ т Т для грубого каналаFor the exact channel φ t Т for the rough channel

2Ех пТ2Ex PT

На выходе зигзагообразной обмотки 2 точного канала получают сигнал:The output of the zigzag winding 2 of the exact channel receive a signal:

Е_г = Ш ί η (ω t + Ztx/T ), ' * а на выходе зигзагообразной обмотки 4 грубого канала: /♦,«.«Е _г = Ш ί η (ω t + Ztx / T), '* and at the output of the zigzag winding 4 of the rough channel: / ♦, "."

Er = + 6*ЭД**> ).Er = + 6 * ED **>).

Затем фазу сигнала точного канала измеряют относительно опорного сигна*ла s i η ω t, получая величину , а фазу сигнала грубого канала измеряют относительно фазы сигнала точного канала, получая сдвиг на фазе .Then, the phase of the signal of the exact channel is measured relative to the reference signal * s i η ω t, obtaining a value, and the phase of the signal of the coarse channel is measured with respect to the phase of the signal of the exact channel, obtaining a phase shift.

Таким образом, при одном и том же положении х фаза сигнала грубого канала в η раз меньше, чем фаза сигнала точного отсчета. Датчик может быть выполнен с несколькими обмотками точного отсчета, например двумя, среднего и грубого отсчета. В этом случае обмотки точного канала выполняют с шагом Т, среднего - с шагом _λη > ^а грубого - с шагом и т.д., а фазы сигнала последнего грубого отсчета измеряют относительно фазы сигнала точного канала.Thus, at the same position x, the phase of the coarse channel signal is η times smaller than the phase of the exact signal. The sensor can be made with several windings of an exact reference, for example two, medium and coarse reference. In this case, the windings of the exact channel are performed with a step T, the middle with a step _λη > ^{and the} coarse with a step, etc., and the phases of the signal of the last coarse reference are measured relative to the phase of the signal of the exact channel.

Изобретение позволяет упростить технологию изготовления датчика и его конструкцию.The invention allows to simplify the manufacturing technology of the sensor and its design.

Claims

one - . .., .. The invention relates to instrument making and can be used in measuring devices for mixing movable units of machine tools, measuring machines and instruments. In modern engineering and instrument making, many reference position sensors are used to determine the exact absolute relative position of movable units. A two-channel displacement sensor in the form of a sine-cosine rotary transformer with a ferrite magnetic core and printed windings Cl3 is known. The disadvantage of this sensor is the complexity of its manufacture. The closest to the offer is a multitouch position sensor containing fixed and movable elements with flat opposite surfaces provided with printed windings of the first coarse and second channels are n times more accurate than the first exact one, the windings of the latter are made in the form of a periodic zigzag with a period T, and the windings coarse channel - continuous, on one of the elements are placed on one non-sectional winding of each of the channels, on the other element - on two partitioned windings of each channel of the channels, The channels are made with different periods, one of the elements is equipped with current supplies for connecting to the power supply. The method of measuring the position using such a sensor is based on measuring the phase of the signals of the exact and coarse channels and comparing the phase of the signal of the exact channel with the reference signal. In this case, the phase shift of the signal of the exact channel is equal to: where X is the displacement of elements T is the period of the windings of the exact channel. To obtain information on a coarse channel, the phase of this signal, which in this case is equal to F :: 211; x / pT, is compared with the same reference signal. As a result of the measurements, with the same movement x, the phase of the coarse channel signal changes n times less than the phase of the signal of the exact channel f2. The disadvantage of the known sensor is the difficulty of fabricating the coarse channel windings, and at the same time the whole sensor. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the manufacture of the sensor. This goal is achieved by coarse channel windings with nT / nti pitch from rectilinear conductors perpendicular to the displacement, and on the element with current leads to the power source coarse channel winding conductors are made as continuation of the winding conductors of the exact channel. The position of the coarse channel signal phase is measured relative to the signal accurate to the signal. FIG. 1 shows a sensor element with zigzag windings; FIG. 2 shows a linear sensor element with partitioned windings, and FIG. 3 - elements of a circular sensor with zigzag windings. On the ORtidM, from the sensor elements 1, non-sectional windings 2 of the exact channel with period T and terminals 3 and winding 4 of the coarse channel with period T are placed (7 in leads 5. Wired jumpers b pass through the back side of the element, on the other element 7 are placed along two sectioned windings of each of the channels 8 and 9, 10 and 11 coarse coils, and also winding pins 12 and 13. The coils 8 and 9 of the coil and coils 10 and 11 of the coarse channels are connected in series, and this is done by making the conductors of coarse windings 10 and 11 as a continuation of the conductors winding 8 and 9 of the exact channel, respectively. This winding is permissible if the supply voltage is under the power of the sectioned windings. If the power is supplied to the sides of the zigzag windings, then the sectioned windings must be split, with separate leads. In this case, the zigzag windings of a coarse and fine canal can be made in series connected. Consecutive connection of conductors reduces the number of pins and wire jumpers and thereby simplifies the manufacture of the sensor. The element of the circular sensor contains the rotor 14, the windings 15 and 16 of the exact and coarse channels and their conclusions 17 and 18. The winding of the exact channel of the circular inductance usually contains 180 or 760 pole pairs. - In the event that a coarse readout is carried out for 1 turn of the sensor, the coiled channel winding must contain either 360il full pairs of poles. and its pitch should be equal to f and | parts of the step of the winding accurate reading. The sensor works as follows. Sectional windings 8-t11 are fed with sinusoidal currents: 1 l sinjut; 1 T cosult .. The coefficients of mutual induction between partitioned 8-11 and the corresponding nonsectional 4 and 2 windings are equal to:; M5 where is the phase of the mutual displacement of the elements 1 and 7 of the sensor. For an accurate channel t T for a coarse channel 0 2Кх, ТГГ ± At the output of the zigzag winding 2 of the exact channel, a signal is received: Е W, si p (wt + 2 "; x, T):: and at the output of the zigzag winding 4 coarse channel: 5g "/ And l EG .p (s -2 ± 1T11C. Then the phase of the signal of the exact channel is measured relative to the reference signal Sinft, obtaining the value, and the phase of the signal of the coarse channel is measured relative to the phase of the signal of the exact channel, obtaining a phase shift. at the same position X, the phase of the coarse channel signal is n times smaller than the phase of the signal of exact count. can be made with several windings of precise counting, for example, two, medium and coarse counting, in which case the windings of the exact channel are performed with a step T, the middle one with a step -R and a rough one with a step (b, nj, etc., and the phases of the last coarse signal are measured relative to the phase of the signal of the exact channel. The invention allows to simplify the sensor manufacturing technology and its design. Formula 1. The multi-position sensor containing fixed and movable elements with flat opposite surfaces is provided with The first printed coils of the first coarse and second channels are n times more accurate than the first one, the windings of the last вЦ1 are filled up in the form of a periodic zigzag with a period T, and the coils of the coarse channel are continuous, on one of the elements one non-sectional winding of each channel is placed, on another element - two separate windings of each of the channels, the channel windings are made with different periods, one of the elements is provided with current leads for