SU814371A1

SU814371A1 - Device for measuring jump height

Info

Publication number: SU814371A1
Application number: SU792738720A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Анатолий Андреевич Балабанов
Original assignee: Московский Институт Электроннойтехники
Priority date: 1979-03-19
Filing date: 1979-03-19
Publication date: 1981-03-23

Description

Изобретение относится к спортивной измерительной технике и предназначено дпя определения высоты безопорной фазы прыжка спортсменов на тренировках.The invention relates to sports measuring equipment and is intended for determining the height of the unsupported phase of a jump of athletes in training.

Известно устройство дпя измерения высоты прыжка, содержащее генератор ‘ * тактовых импульсов, датчик давления, ждущий мультивибратор, связанный с установочным входом триггера, выход которого подключен к первому входу логической схемы И, депитепь частоты, счетчики и блок индикации, входы которого связаны с выходами первого счетчика, а выход с обнуляющими входами обоих счетчиков [1].A device is known for measuring the height of a jump, containing a clock generator *, a pressure sensor, a waiting multivibrator associated with the installation input of the trigger, the output of which is connected to the first input of the logic circuit And, a frequency depot, counters and an indication unit whose inputs are connected to the outputs of the first counter, and the output with zeroing inputs of both counters [1].

Недостатком известного устройства является низкая скорость измерения.A disadvantage of the known device is the low measurement speed.

Нель изобретения - ускорение процесса измерения высоты прыжка.Nel invention - accelerating the process of measuring the height of the jump.

Указанная цепь достигается тем, что устройство дпя измерения высоты прыжка содержит накапливающий сумматор, информационные входы которого связаны с выходами второго счетчика, тактовый вход соединен с одним выходом делителя частоты, а его выход -. со входом первого счетчика, причем выход генератора тактовых импульсов соединен с вторым входом логической схемы И, третий вход которой связан с выходом датчика давления и со входом ждущего мультивибратора, а ее выход соединен с так” товым входом Делителя частоты, другой выход которого соединен со входом второго счетчика, причем выход блока индикации соединен с обнуляющим входом накапливающего сумматора, с обнуляющим входом триггера и с установочным входом делителя частоты.This circuit is achieved in that the device for measuring the height of the jump contains an accumulating adder, the information inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the second counter, the clock input is connected to one output of the frequency divider, and its output is. with the input of the first counter, and the output of the clock generator is connected to the second input of the logic circuit I, the third input of which is connected to the output of the pressure sensor and to the input of the standby multivibrator, and its output is connected to the clock input of the Frequency Divider, the other output of which is connected to the input the second counter, and the output of the display unit is connected to the zeroing input of the accumulating adder, with the zeroing input of the trigger and with the installation input of the frequency divider.

На фиг. 1 приведена структурная схема устройства для измерения высоты прыжка, на фиг. 2 - графики, интерпретирующие процесс численного интегрирования.In FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a device for measuring the height of a jump; in FIG. 2 - graphs that interpret the process of numerical integration.

Устройство содержит генератор 1 тактовых импульсов, соединенный с одним из входов логической схемы И 2, выход которой связан со счетным входом делителя 3 частоты. Выход датчика 4 давлений 7, установленного на площадке линией и инструментальной <T_k , вызванной дискретностью измерения времени фазы полета.The device comprises a clock pulse generator 1 connected to one of the inputs of the AND 2 logic circuit, the output of which is connected to the counting input of the frequency divider 3. The output of the pressure sensor 4 7, installed on the site line and instrumental <T _k caused by the discreteness of the measurement of the time of the phase of flight.

или гимнастическом мостике, соединен со вторым входом логической схехы И 2 и со входом ждущего мультивибратора 5, Выход которого соединен со входом $ триггера 6 управления, а инверсный выход последнего - с третьим входом логической схемы И 2. Первый выход делителя 3 частоты соединен со счетнымor gymnastic bridge, connected to the second input of the logic circuit AND 2 and to the input of the waiting multivibrator 5, the output of which is connected to the input $ of trigger 6 of the control, and the inverse output of the latter is connected to the third input of the logic circuit 2. The first output of the frequency divider 3 is connected to the counting

Первая составляющая вычисляется по 5 формуле ¹⁴ max 32 ¹⁰ откуда следует требование к величине входом счетчика 7, выходы которого связаны с информационными входами накапливающего сумматора 8, причем тактовый . вход сумматора 8 соединен со вторым выходом делителя 3 частоты. Выход сумматора 8 соединен со счётным входом счетчика 9 высоты прыжка, а выходы последнего - со входами блока 10 индикации, выход которого связан со входом R триггера 6 управления, установочным входом делителя 3 частоты и входами обнуления счетчиков 7 и 9 и накапливающего сумматора 8.The first component is calculated according to formula 5, max ¹⁴ 32 ^10, from which follows the requirement for the value of the input of the counter 7, the outputs of which are connected to the information inputs of the accumulating adder 8, and the clock. the input of the adder 8 is connected to the second output of the frequency divider 3. The output of the adder 8 is connected to the counting input of the jump height counter 9, and the outputs of the latter are connected to the inputs of the display unit 10, the output of which is connected to the input R of the trigger 6 of the control, the installation input of the frequency divider 3, and the zeroing inputs of the counters 7 and 9 and the accumulating adder 8.

Устройство дпя измерения высоты прыжка работает следующим образом.The device for measuring the height of the jump works as follows.

Устройство реализует автоматическое вычисление высоты отскока Н по измеренному времени беэопорной фазы прыжкаТ_п. Учитывая, что величина измеряется путем последовательного подсчета импульсов в течение фазы прыжка, вычис— . пение высоты Н рационально осуществлять методами цифровых дифференциальных анализаторов (ИДА). Это обеспечивает минимальные аппаратурные затраты и позволяет вычислить высоту Н непосредственно к моменту приземления.The device implements automatic calculation of the height of the bounce N from the measured time of the support phase of the jump T _p . Given that the quantity is measured by sequentially counting the pulses during the jump phase, calculation— it is rational to perform the singing of the height H using the methods of digital differential analyzers (IDA). This provides minimal hardware costs and allows you to calculate the height H directly to the point of landing.

Таким образом высота Н вычисляется по формуле «о оThus, the height H is calculated by the formula

Вычисление определенного интеграла (1) целесообразно осуществить методом прямоугольников, что обуславливается ' ступенчатым изменением подынтегральной функции 5 ⁼ 5- . Таким образом, алгоритм работы устройства задается соотношением _ i=i ⁴ W где N = £ .The calculation of a certain integral (1) is expediently carried out by the method of rectangles, which is caused by a stepwise change in the integrand 5 ⁼ 5-. Thus, the operation algorithm of the device is given by the relation _ i = i ⁴ W where N = £.

Инструментальная составляющая ляется выражением (3) опредесГ ^иипах откудаInstrumental component by the expression (3) where opredesG ^and ipah

</</

. , Биглах’ ^ктах. Beagles' ^to tah

(4)(4)

Рассмотрим воспроизведение алгорит₃₀ ма (2) по структурной схеме устройства. После, того, как спортсмен наступил на рабочую поверхность датчика 4 давления, сигналом начальной установки с выхода блока 10 индикации происходит обнуление счетчика 9 высоты, счетчика 7, накапливающего сумматора 8 и триггера 6 управления. Одновременно этот же сигнал устанавливает делитель 3 частоты в состояние, соответствующее половине шага Т /2 изменения аргумента под⁴⁰ ынтеграпьной функнии^ц.Consider the reproduction of the ₃₀ ma algorithm (2) according to the block diagram of the device. After the athlete has stepped on the working surface of the pressure sensor 4, the initial setting signal from the output of the display unit 10 resets the height counter 9, counter 7, accumulating adder 8, and control trigger 6. At the same time, the same signal sets the frequency divider 3 to the state corresponding to half the step T / 2 of the argument change under the ⁴⁰ integral function ^ q.

При отрыве спортсмена от поверхности датчика 4 давления на выходе послед него появляется единичный сигнал, кото⁴⁵ рый, поступая на вход логической схемы И 2, приводит к подаче тактовых импульсов с выхода генератора 1 на вход делителя 3 частоты, который служит для получения импульсов с периодом ΐ и 50 д-t , Причем, за счет начальной уста новки первый импульс на выходе делителя частоты, соединенного со входом счетчика 7, появляется через время 1/2 после начала беэопорной фазы прыжка.When isolation athlete 4 pressure sensor surface at the outlet SEQ it appears unit signal koto ⁴⁵ ing, acting on the input of the AND circuit 2, leads to applying clock pulses output from the generator 1 to the input of the divider 3 frequency which serves to produce pulses with a period ΐ and 50 d-t. Moreover, due to the initial installation, the first pulse at the output of the frequency divider connected to the input of counter 7 appears 1/2 time after the start of the pressure-free jump phase.

При поступлении на тактовый вход накапливающего сумматора 8 ΐ - го импульса с периодом д-t с выход'а делителя частоты к содержимому сумматора приПолная погрешность вычисления Н складывается из двух составляющих : методической Л_и , обусловленной заменой функции --¾ ступенчатойWhen an accumulative adder receives an 8th pulse with a period d-t from the output of the frequency divider to the adder content at the clock input, the total calculation error Н consists of two components: methodical Л _and , due to the replacement of the function, - stepwise

814871 6 бавляется содержимое счетчика 7 подынтег-рапьной функции. Эго соответствует воспроизведению операции ** =έ^ ⁵ * j=-i д-4814871 6 adds the contents of the counter 7 of the integrand. The ego corresponds to the reproduction of the operation ** = έ ^ ⁵ * j = -i d-4

Импульсы переноса с выхода сумматора поступают на вход счетчика 7 высоты, выходы которого соединены со входами 1® блока 10 индикации.The transfer pulses from the output of the adder are fed to the input of the height counter 7, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs 1® of the display unit 10.

По отрицательному фронту сигнала с выхода датчика 4 давления в момент приземления спортсмена ждущий мультивибратор 5 вырабатывает импульс, ко- 15 торый, поступая на вход R триггера 6 управления, блокирует подачу импульсов с выхода генератора 1 через логическую схему И 2 на вход делителя 3 частоты. Таким образом, к моменту jq приземления содержимое счетчика 9 соответствует высоте отскока Н .On the negative edge of the signal from the output of the pressure sensor 4 at the time of the athlete's landing, the waiting multivibrator 5 generates a pulse that, 15, arriving at the input R of the trigger 6 of the control, blocks the supply of pulses from the output of the generator 1 through the logic circuit And 2 to the input of the frequency divider 3. Thus, by the time jq of landing, the contents of the counter 9 corresponds to the height of the rebound H.

Формулы (3) и (4) позволяют рассчитать основные параметры устройства для измерения высоты прыжка. Раз- 2S рядность сЧетчика подынтегральной функции 7 и накапливающего сумматора 8 определяется формулой «•Мт+¹⁰ (5)Formulas (3) and (4) allow you to calculate the main parameters of the device for measuring the height of the jump. The bitness of the Counter of the integrand 7 and the accumulating adder 8 is determined by the formula “• MT + ¹⁰ (5)

Разрядность η _н счетчика 9 высоты вычисляется по формуле ³⁵ (в) _ 40 где С - цена переноса накапливающего сумматора.The resolution η _{n of the} height counter 9 is calculated by the formula ³⁵ (c) _ 40 where C is the transfer price of the accumulating adder.

Величина С рассчитывается следующим образомThe value of C is calculated as follows

0=4<ς-Δΐ·Έ (₇)0 = 4 <ς-Δΐ · Έ ( ₇ )

Предлагаемое устройство для измерения высоты прыжка автоматически определяет высоту безопорной фазы прыжка, что облегчает работу тренера, повышает пропускную способность при отборе новичков. Цифровая форма измеряемого параметра и минимальное число органов управления (тумблер питания и кнопка начальной установки) обеспечивают простоту обращения с устройством, что позволяет. пользоваться им как тренеру, так и спортсменам, а это повышает эффективность тренировок.The proposed device for measuring the height of the jump automatically determines the height of the unsupported phase of the jump, which facilitates the work of the trainer, increases the throughput when selecting newcomers. The digital form of the measured parameter and the minimum number of controls (power switch and initial setup button) provide ease of use with the device, which allows. use it as a coach and athletes, and this increases the effectiveness of training.

Claims

The invention is related to sports measuring technology and is intended for dp determining the height of the unsupported jump phase of athletes in training. A device dp for measuring jump height is known, which contains a clock pulse generator, a pressure sensor waiting for a multivibrator connected to a trigger setup input, the output of which is connected to the first input of a logic circuit I, a frequency divider, counters and a display unit whose Bxozibi is connected to the outputs the first counter, and the output with the zero inputs of both counters l. A disadvantage of the known device is the low measurement speed. The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the process of measuring the height of the jump. This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for measuring the viewpoint of the jump contains an accumulating adder, the information inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the second counter, the clock input is connected to one output frequency divider, and its output is. with the input of the first counter, the output of the clock generator is connected to the second input of the logic circuit I, the third input of which is connected to the output of the pressure sensor and the input of the waiting multivibrator, and its output is connected to the so-called input (l frequency divider, the other output of which is connected with the input of the second counter, and the output of the display unit is connected to the zeroing input of the accumulating adder, to the input terminal of the trigger and to the installation input of the frequency divider. Fig. 2 shows graphs interpreting the process of numerical integration. The device contains a clock pulse generator 1 connected to one of the inputs of logic circuit 2, the output of which is connected to the counting input of frequency divider 3. The output of pressure sensor 4 set on the gymnasium or gymnastic bridge, connected to the second input of the logical cxeNfci AND 2 --and to the input of the waiting for ultivibrator 5, the Output of which is connected to the input $ of the trigger 6 of the control, and the inverse output of the latter to the third input of the logic circuit AND

2. The first output of the frequency separator 3 is connected to the counting input of the counter 7, the outputs of which are connected to the information inputs of the accumulator adder 8, and the clock input of the adder 8 is connected to the second output of the frequency divider 3. The output of the adder 8 is connected to the counting input of the counter 9 of the jump height, and the outputs of the latter are connected to the inputs of the display unit 30, the output of which is connected to the trigger trigger input b of the control, the set input of the frequency divider 3 and the zero inputs of counters 7 and 9 and accumulating adder 8, The device for measuring the height of Nrynsk works as follows. The device implements an automatic calculation of the rebound height H from the measured time of the unsupported jump phase. Considering that the value of 1 is measured by successively counting pulses during the jump phase, the calculation of height H is rationally carried out using digital differential analyzer (CDA) methods. This provides minimal hardware costs H allows to calculate the height H immediately after landing. Thus, height H is calculated by the formula i ,. The calculation of the definite integral (1) is expediently carried out by the method of rectangles, which is caused by a stepwise change in the integrand of the function b. Thus, the algorithm of the device operation is given by the ratio, sa. The total calculation error is made up of two components: methodical (f-c, due to the stepwise function f C -3 Iin and instrumental Hz, caused by the discreteness of the measurement of the time of flight basics. P {the component is calculated using the formula The instrumental component is determined by the expression of the Pupau, Consider the reproduction of the algorithm (2) according to the block diagram of the device. After the athlete has stepped on the working surface of the pressure sensor 4, the initial setup signal From the output of the display unit 1O, the height counter 9, counter 7, accumulating adder 8 and control trigger 6 reset to 0. Simultaneously, the same signal sets the frequency divider 3 to the state corresponding to the half step t / 2 of the change in the argument of the integrand function in.. A single signal appears from the surface of the pressure sensor 4 at the output of it, which, arriving at the input of the logic circuit 2, leads to the delivery of clock pulses from the output of the generator 1 to the input of the frequency divider 3, which t to obtain pulses with period T and ut. Moreover, due to the initial setup, the first pulse at the output of the frequency divider connected to the input of counter 7 appears after the start of the unsupported phase of the jump. When the accumulating adder of the 8th pulse with the period At with the frequency divider arrives at the clock input, the contents of the counter 7 of the normal function are added to the contents of the adder. This corresponds to the reproduction of operation c.4.5b. -Si The transfer pulses from the output of the total are fed to the input of counter 7 of height. the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the display unit 10. On the negative edge of the signal from the output of the pressure sensor 4 at the moment of landing of the athlete, the waiting multivibrator 5 generates a pulse, which, arriving at the input R of control trigger 6, blocks the supply of pulses from the output of the generator 1 through the logic circuit 2 of the splitter input 3 frequencies. Thus, by the time of landing, the contents of counter 9 correspond to the height of rebound H. Formulas (G) and (4) allow to calculate the main parameters of the device for measuring the height of the jump. The size from one sensor of integrand function 7 and accumulating adder 8 is determined by the formula esch ((The size and centre of height meter 9 is calculated by the form where C is the transfer price of the accumulating adder. The value C is calculated as follows c 4c-At-t; Proposed device to measure the height of the jump, it automatically determines & sets up the unsupported jump phase, which facilitates the work of the trainer, pushes the throughput when selecting beginners. The digital form of the measured parameter and the minimum number of controls (toggle switch power supply and setup button provide ease of handling of the device, which allows it to be used by both the trainer and the athletes, and this increases the effectiveness of the training. Formula of the device for measuring the height of the jump, containing a clock generator, a pressure sensor waiting for a multivibrator, associated with the setup input of the trigger, the output of which is connected to the first input of the logic circuit I, the frequency divider, the counters and the display unit, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the first counter, and the output c numerical inputs of both counters, characterized in that, in order to accelerate the measurement process, it has an accumulating adder, the information inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the second counter, the clock input is connected to the output of the frequency divider, and its output is connected to the input of the first counter, the output of the clock pulses is connected to the second input of the logic circuit I, the third input of which is connected to the output of the pressure sensor and to the input of the waiting multivibrator, and its output is connected to the clock input of the frequency divider, The second output of which is connected to the input of the second counter, the output of the display unit is connected to the zeroing input of the accumulating adder, to the zeroing input of the trigger and the installation input of the frequency depot. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate in application No. 2648622/12, l. A 63 B 5 / GS, 1979.