SU809314A2 - Teaching apparatus - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to automation and computing, in particular to devices for training, and can be used in various educational institutions in organizing programmed training.

According to the main auth. No. 723646, a training device is known which contains a response input unit connected to the inputs of the answer unit and the memory unit, the output of the memory unit is connected to the input of the playback unit connected to the inputs of the registration unit, the answer unit and an address comparison unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the memory unit, an attribute detection unit connected to the output of the playback unit and to the input of the address and response comparison units and the control unit, and an address register connected to the outputs of the Cove reproducing and control and to the inputs of comparing the addresses of blocks and pam.gti l.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not tell the student time. Which I want him to think about a frame, or a time that the student has exceeded in comparison with the given one. In addition, it does not give students the opportunity to regulate themselves within certain limits, depending on their individual characteristics, the time required for thinking about the frame.

When studying any educational material using a non-technical method, the student plans the time to study this material, i.e. sets himself a certain level of interest on the speed of his perception and processing,

and also constantly controls himself. If certain sections of a material are studied for a longer time than it was planned, then the level of accessing the student does not coincide with the true speed of perception and processing of the material, i.e. the pace of learning. In this case, to study the following sections of the material, it is necessary to increase the learning rate. If studying

sections of the material is carried out

faster than scheduled, the student usually plans a shorter completion date for the material, i.e. its level is affected by the speed of perception and processing of information.

Similar reasoning holds true for machine learning. In order for the learning rate to be optimal for a given student, it is necessary for the learner to set his or her level of pretensions over the time of studying the material and to constantly monitor its compliance with the true perception rate and processing of the educational material, which allows to organize the learning process correctly and maximally to intensify it.

The known device also does not allow the learner to set and control their individual learning pace. The reason for these drawbacks is the inability to set and control the speed of the learning, which limits the didactic capabilities of the device.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the device.

This goal is achieved by introducing a training rate regulating unit, a time delay unit, a current time counter and a current time indicator into the device, and a time delay unit connected to the outputs of the playback and address comparison blocks.

FIG. 1 shows schematically the proposed structure in FIG.

2- three types of codes with a schematic representation of a playback unit.

The training device contains a response input block 1 associated with a block 2 comparing responses and a block

3 connected with playback unit 4, which is connected to registration unit 5, address comparison unit 6, address register 7, response comparison unit 2, time delay unit 8 and feature determination unit 9 connected to address comparison unit 6, control unit 10 and a unit 2 for comparing the responses associated with the control unit 10, which is connected to the registration unit 5 and the address register 7 connected to the memory unit 3 and the unit

6 compare the addresses connected to the memory unit 3 and the time delay unit 8 associated with the current time counter 11 connected to the current time indicator 12 and the learning rate adjusting unit 13 associated with the time delay unit 8.

The response comparison block 2, the address comparison block 6, the address register 7, the time delay block 8, the attribute determining block 9, the control block 10 and the current time counter 11 are combined into the calculator 14.

Block 1 input answers consists of alphanumeric letter buttons input answers decoder, triggers memorization

responses and relays trigger tape mechanism (not shown).

The memory unit 3 contains a storage medium on a film with information frames and control codes printed on it and a reversible tape drive mechanism (not shown).

The playback unit 4 consists of photo-electric amplifiers of the same type that convert the photosignals into electrical pulses and amplify them (not shown).

The registration unit 5 contains an error counter with a coincidence circuit on the counting input, a decoder and indicator indicator lights (not shown).

The current time indicator 1-2 includes a decoder and indicator lamps that highlight the time left to think about the material, in percent (for example, thinking of the material left 25% of the total time intended for thinking about the material), as well as the time exceeded by students compared to with the time needed to think about the material, in percent (for example, the time to study this material is exceeded by 10% compared with the time intended for thinking about this material).

The training rate adjusting unit 13 is a switch located on the panel of the input unit of the training device and intended to set the learning rate of students. The average position of the regulator characterizes the average material absorption rate encoded on the film. The deviation of the switch to the left and right indicates the deviation of the proposed rate of training of the student from the average.

Before considering the operation of the device, it is necessary to consider the coding of the film (figure 2). In the proposed device, the program has three types of 15-17 codes with different functions in controlling the operation of the device.

Type 15 codes contain a possible response code 18, intended for comparison with a response code, bit 19 An optional comparison necessary for an unconditional comparison with a response code, bit 20 Incorrectly intended for entering one penalty point in registration block 5, and hallmark 21 which serves to identify type 15 codes by calculator 14 (for example, the 3rd discharge is light, and the 2nd discharge is light).

Type 16 codes contain the address of the next frame 22, by which the next frame should be searched, and a distinctive sign 23 intended to identify the type of code by the calculator 14 (for example, the third bit from the bottom is dark and the second bit from the bottom is light). Type 17 codes contain a frame code 24, which is a binary frame number and intended to be compared with the address of the next frame, a learning time setting code 25, which determines the average time required to study a certain material, and a distinctive feature 26 (for example, 2nd and the 3rd bottom light discharge). In the codes of all types, there is one overhead bit 27 Marker, designed to form a permitting signal for reading the entire code. The signal from the marker photovoltaic amplifier 28 is fed to the remaining photoelectric amplifiers 29 and 30 as a resolution. The proposed device works as follows. Prior to training, the unit using block 13 sets deviations of its expected rate trained from the average training rate specified by bits of type 25 code 25. After the student answers the response input unit 1, it gives the response code to the calculator 14 and sends a start signal to the tape drive mechanism memory block 3. During the motion of the control film, the codes pass by the photosensors of the playback unit 4, are read and fed into the calculator 14, which, based on the response code and codes read from the film, searches for the desired frame. The response code is received in block 2 of the response comparing, which receives signals from the bits of the playback unit 4 from photoelectric amplifiers, reading the codes of possible answers and bit. Comparison, and signals from reading unit 9 for detecting the signs of type 15 In the initial state, the calculator 14 responds only to type 15 codes. When a response code is compared in succession, the response code with a possible response code and in the presence of a signal from block 9. block 2 compares the signal to control unit 10. If none of the possible response codes provided are compared with the response code (the student responded in an unintended manner), then the type code 15 is the last among the type 15 codes that contains the User Comparison code and when reading such a code 2 transmits a comparison signal to block 10, Signal detection unit 9 receives signals from the BOCiipoH3 blocking bits, which are occupied by distinguishing features / and from block 9, the enabling signals about the presence of a code are received in block 2, which compares the readable code type code 15, to control unit 10, if the read code is a type code 16, and in address comparison block 6, if it is a type code 17. The control unit 10, by means of a signal from block 2, memorizes the presence of a comparison of the response code with a possible response code and issues short-term signal for recording and indicating an error in the registration unit 5, if in the compared code of type 15 the bit is encoded incorrectly, which from block 4 is fed into block 5, then if two signals coincide, block 5 registers and indicates an error. After storing the comparison signal of the possible response code with the response code by block 10, the first incoming code of type 16 causes the signal from block 9 to block 10 to appear and block 10 generates an enable signal to write the next frame and address register 7. The address of the next frame, contained in type code 16 and coming from block 4 to block 7, is written to address register 7 and stored for the next search time of the frame. The issuing of the authorization signal by the block 10 memorizes and the repeated signals are not issued, and the calculator 14 further reacts to type 17 codes. The address of the next frame contains the direction of movement direction Reverse, and if the desired frame is located opposite to the original motion of the film, the address 7 sends a reverse signal to memory block 3, in which the direction of motion of the film is reversed. Comparison unit 6 produces a bitwise comparison of the addresses of the next frame, passing from address register 7, and the frame code, coming from playback unit 4, in the presence of an enable signal from feature detection unit 9, having a type code 17. For bits Comparing with block b, a signal is issued to stop the tape mechanism in memory block 3. Block 6 also provides a signal to the block 8 delay time, allowing it to connect to the counter 11 of the current time. The time delay unit 8 consists of a learning time code decoder (not shown), the inputs of which are connected to photo amplifiers of the playback unit 4 corresponding to the learning time code 25, a pulse generator (not shown) with timing lines connected to the code decoder outputs setting the learning time on the outputs of block 13, and also contains an AND match element (not shown), to one input of which pulses are sent from the pulse generator, and to the other - a stop signal of the tape mechanism coming from Lock .6 compare addresses, and its output is connected to the current clock 11. In order to memorize the momentary stop signal of the tape mechanism for the duration of the frame exposure, block 8 also contains a memory element (not shown). Thus, the frequency of the following pulses from block 8 to block 11 depends on the learning time setting code 25, which determines the average thinking time for the material, as well as on the installation of the learning rate adjusting block 13, which determines the deviation from the average thinking time material and level dependent claims of increasing. The current time counter 11 sums the pulses coming from the time delay unit 8 and, upon reaching a certain number of them, sends signals to the current time indicator 12, which highlights the time left for the student to think about the material, or the time that the student has exceeded by thinking about the material. . If the current time is calculated for the part of the material containing several frames with educational information, then the codes 25 for specifying the learning time in the different type 17 codes are the same. For counting the time in another part of the material, the current time counter 11 is set to the initial state. Setting the current time counter 11 to the initial state can be done, for example, with a certain code 25, which sets the learning time, when the bits of the code are 25 units. If the code bits 25 are all zeros, then the pulse generator of the time delay unit 8 is turned off (more precisely, the driver circuit is connected, at which, the generation frequency is almost zero). In this case, the time taken to study this frame (s) is not counted and the state of current time counter 11 does not change. The use of the invention allows the intensity of learning by activating it, which is achieved as follows. First, the student determines his own time, depending on his training and abilities. necessary for the assimilation of educational material. The film program is encoded and the average mastering time can be indicated on the screen, while the student determines his own level of knowledge and ability. Self-assessment of their knowledge and abilities is made from the experience of the previous mastering of the curriculum in various disciplines and has a positive effect on the assessment of the degree of intensity of training for students, i.e. mastering time of this educational material. Based on this assessment, the student sets his time for studying the material that he considers most appropriate for himself, i.e. establishes the deviation from the average time of study material. Secondly, in the process of studying the material, the learning of the material is reported to deviate from the true study of the material. Estimation of the deviation of the true time from the established one allows the organization of the process of further training. If a student does not fit in at that time, which he himself established, this indicates either that the pace of learning is too small and does not correspond to the abilities and knowledge of the student and should be increased, i.e. study the material more intensively, or that the students overestimated their knowledge and abilities. If the student studies the material more quickly than what he himself has established, then this indicates that either one should increase his skills, i.e. reduce the time to study the material, because the abilities and knowledge of the students are undervalued, or that the material is studied too quickly and superficially, so the pace of learning should be reduced. Independent installation of individual study time and constant monitoring of it allow you to learn the training material as intensively and efficiently as possible. In addition, the training time setting can be made not by the students themselves, based on their knowledge of skills and previous training, based on the experience of learning the nporpaMNM in this and other disciplines, but also by the teacher. The instructor can change the average material learning time encoded on film, thereby making adjustments to the program. Setting the time for a teacher to study material allows, on the basis of the knowledge of the individual characteristics of the student (for example, estimates obtained by him or her abilities) to increase the degree of adaptation of training, which improves the quality of training. As a result of the experiment, it was found that setting up and controlling the material study time on your own allows you to significantly improve the organization of the learning process on the machines by the students themselves and activate it, and the optimal time and intensity for studying the material is chosen by the students. Compared to the control group, trained on other machines, the number of fucking grades received in the test

Claims (1)

Claim Teaching device for auto No. 723646, characterized in that, in order to expand the didactic capabilities of the device, it contains serially connected learning rate control unit, time delay unit, current time counter and current time indicator, time delay unit connected to the outputs of the playback and address comparison units.