SU809102A1 - Pressure regulator - Google Patents

Description

(54) PRESSURE REGULATOR

one

The invention relates to pneumatic automation and can be used in pneumatic automation systems in various industries and vehicles to reduce the pressure of the working medium.

A gas reducer is known, which is designed to reduce the gas pressure and maintain, with the required accuracy, its outflow value under the conditions of the change in pressure flow at the inlet, and consisting of a housing with a saddle, a throttling valve interacting with a spring sensitive element in the form of pressure 1.

This regulator is characterized by the influence of the value of the input pressure on the accuracy of operation, which is due to the one-sided force effect of the input pressure on the unbalanced area of the throttling valve.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed pressure regulator is a gas pressure regulator consisting of a housing with inlet and outlet channels and a seat, a direct action valve with a spring, a piston loaded with a working spring and an adjusting screw 2.

A disadvantage of the known reducer is that the accuracy of the required low (output) pressure is not high enough when the pressure at the inlet to the reducer changes, due to the force effect of the input (high) pressure of the working medium on the unbalanced area of the throttling valve. This effect decreases with decreasing inlet pressure, which results in a decrease in the throttling gap and a decrease in the output pressure below the set pressure. When the input pressure of the reducer increases, its effect on the throttling valve increases, which leads to an increase in the throttling gap (violation of dynamic equilibrium),

the result is an increase in outlet pressure above the set pressure. After each change in the inlet pressure, a change in the size of the flow area of the known regulator occurs, and therefore the outlet pressure changes. The latter determines the movement of the sensing element, compensating for the change in the value of the throttling gap caused by the change in pressure at the inlet. The instability of the output (low) pressure of a known regulator is due to the fact that its sensitive element responds to changes in inlet pressure not directly, but through a change in outlet pressure. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the pressure regulator. This goal is achieved by the fact that the pressure regulator, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet channels, is a spring-loaded throttling valve of direct action, connected through the pushers to a sensing element made in the form of a piston connected to the spring of the task. in addition, it contains an adjustable choke, the piston is made in two stages, with the end surface of a smaller piston stage facing the cavity of the output channel, and the cavity between the steps of the piston and the housing is connected to the inlet channel through an adjustable choke. In this case, the inlet pressure acts on the piston (on its additional stage) directly, not through a change in the outlet pressure. The inlet pressure acts on the movable regulator system in two. its effect on the additional stage of the sensitive element and on the throttling valve. Moreover, the influence of both factors on the value of the throttling gap when the input pressure is changed is compensated, i.e. it does not affect the value of the output pressure. The drawing shows a sectional pressure regulator, a general view. The pressure regulator consists of a body ,, I with inlet 2, outlet 3 channels and a saddle 4, a throttling valve 5 with a spring 6. The valve 5 contacts the pushers 7, which through the plate 8 act with a two-stage piston 9 (sensing element). Into the piston 9 through 40 through the plate 10, the spring 12 of the task is supported by the screw 11. The cavity 13 formed by the second stage of the ground and the housing, line 14 with an adjustable throttling belt Ge, is connected to the inlet channel 2. In case 1, channel 16 is made, which divides the cavity of the output channel with the piston cavity of the lower piston stage 9. Highway 14 with throttle 15 can be made both in housing 1 and outside of it. The pressure regulator operates in the following 50 ways. High pressure gas is supplied to the inlet channel 2 and via line 14 with adjustable throttle 15 into cavity 13 between housing 1 and piston steps 9. Valve 5 with spring force 6 is pressed to seat 55 4 and no gas enters the regulator. When adjusting the regulator (by turning the replication screw 11), the reference spring 12 is compressed both through the plate 10, the piston 9 and the plate 8 and the pushers 7 tends to open the valve 5. The tightness of the valve 5 seal breaks and the gas penetrates into the cavity of the output channel 3 and through channel 16 in the cavity under the first stage of the piston 9 (under the end surface of the lower stage of the piston). The pressure on the piston 9 balances the force of the adjustable spring 12. If the outlet from the regulator is closed, then at an outlet pressure equal to the setting pressure, the valve 5 will again tightly shut off the saddle 4. When the gas is withdrawn into the volume behind the regulator, the output pressure and its force the moving system is reduced. This leads to the opening of the valve 5 and the throttling of the gas in the resulting gap between the valve 5 and the seat 4. The outlet pressure rises again, and at some value between the forces, they act on the piston 9, establishes a dynamic equilibrium corresponding to a certain flow gas. If the gas flow rate changes, then a new equilibrium occurs at a different value of the throttling gap. High-pressure gas through line 14 with an adjustable choke 15 enters the cavity 13 and acts on the second stage of pressure 9, trying to move the latter upwards. When the output pressure decreases (pressure in channel 2), the gas flow (due to a decrease in the pressure force on the throttling valve and, consequently, the size of the throttling slit) should reduce the decrease in pressure at the regulator outlet. However, this will occur, as the pressure decreases and the pressure decreases as the input pressure decreases. This will cause 9 to move downward under the action of spring 12, increasing the gap between seat 4 and valve 5. As a result, raPPLL / 1GYTG1G7aIPLL-1 KnCiQV / rTUrQTCi liTrvrn n Q g-gas stroke does not decrease, the outlet pressure does not decrease. An increase in the input pressure is also accompanied by a double and opposite force effect on the moving system of the regulator. An increase in pressure in cavity 13 tends to reduce the size of the throttling gap, thereby causing a decrease in outlet pressure, on the other hand, an increase in inlet pressure. The impact on the throttling valve tends to raise the latter over the saddle, increasing the flow area and causing an increase in pressure at the exhaust. As a result, both factors compensate each other; the value of the reduced pressure of the regulator does not depend on the change in the input pressure. Installation in the highway. 14 regulated throttle 15 allows you to provide

Claims (1)

Claim A pressure regulator, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet channels, a spring-loaded throttling valve of direct action, connected through pushers to a sensitive element made in the form of a piston connected to a reference spring, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of the regulator, it contains an adjustable throttle, the piston is made in two stages, with the end surface of a smaller piston stage facing the cavity of the output channel, and the cavity between the stages of the piston and the housing is connected to the inlet channel through regulating rush choke.