SU806049A1 - Instantaneous boiling high-temperature boiling substances and flusk for realizing it - Google Patents

Description

(54) MULTIPLE INSTRUMENT OF INSTANT MIXTURE

I

This invention relates to the desalination of saline and saline waters by thermal distillation.

A multistage instantaneous boiling apparatus is known, comprising a horizontal body divided into compartments (evaporation chambers) by transverse vertical partition walls. -. And. In each compartment there is a bundle of tubes of the built-in heat exchanger, a tray for collecting the distillate, an overflow device made in the form of a threshold installed across the chamber at some distance from the front bulkhead and the fender visor 1 located above it

The device works as follows.

The desalination water is preheated in the built-in heat exchangers by the secondary vapors and in a separate remote heater - by steam from an external source, then it is fed into a chain of series-connected compartments. Due to the fact that the pressure in each subsequent: compartment is lower than in the previous one, and the water entering the first compartment is overheated relative to the temperature.

corresponding to the pressure in it, in each compartment there occurs a partial self-evaporation of the desalinated water, accompanied by the formation of secondary vapors, which condense on the external surface of the built-in heat exchangers. The condensate of these vapors, which is the finished distillate product, is collected in trays and removed from the apparatus.

The drawback of the apparatus is a significant consumption of thermal energy (a pair of an external source) for the production of distillate, due to the lower value of temperature pressure losses. These losses are the result of an insufficiently intensive process of boiling, and hence, the residual

5 overheating with which the flow of desalinated water leaves; evaporative chamber.

The MHorociyneH4aTbffl instantaneous boiling apparatus is known, in which the overflow device is made in the form of a threshold and a horizontal perforated sheet installed above it. The presence of a horizontal perforated sheet in front of the threshold somewhat improves the hydrodynamic flow regime

the superheated liquid in the evaporator chamber, which favorably affects the quality of the distillate 2.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a multi-stage instantaneous boiling apparatus, in which the vertical threshold smoothly goes along a curved surface into a horizontal perforated sheet 3.

The disadvantage of the apparatus is that it does not intensify the process of boiling and therefore the residual superheat does not decrease, therefore, the overrun of thermal energy for the production of distillate is not eliminated.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the process of vaporization in evaporation chambers by reducing the flow rate.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the threshold of the overflow device is made in the form of a vertical zigzag partition, in contact with transverse partitions, between which a perforated sheet is placed along the entire length of the compartment, the openings of this sheet are made with a flange facing downwards, and the edges of the openings of the perforated sheet are gear.

FIG. 1 shows a multistage apparatus, a vertical longitudinal section; in fig. 2 shows a section A -A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 perforated sheet element with flanged holes.

The device contains a horizontal body 1, divided by transverse vertical partitions 2 into compartments 3, which serve as evaporation chambers. The compartment 3 contains a tube bundle of the built-in heat exchanger 4, a tray 5 for collecting the distillate, a steam separation device 6 and a percolating device made in the form of a threshold 7 of a zigzag shape installed above the threshold and placed along the entire length of the horizontal perforated sheet 8 with holes 9 In the vertical partitions 2 in the lower part there are openings 10. The openings 9 of the perforated sheet 8 are flanged, and the edges 11 are serrated.

The device works as follows.

The overheated water from the previous compartment of the housing 1 enters the chamber 3 through an opening 10 located in the lower part of the partition 2. When it meets the threshold 7, the water flow rises up and flows through the openings 9 of the perforated sheet 8. Above the perforated sheet 8, the direction of flow changes initially on the horizontal, and then on the lower vertical. At the same time, water again flows through the holes 9 of the perforated sheet 8 and further, rushing into the hole 10, running in the lower part of the partition 2, leaves the evaporation chamber 3. Since the perforated sheet is

In the boiling zone, water evaporates intensively, as the amount of vapor released increases, water from the depressions of the openings 10 is displaced and steam begins to flow into the openings. On the jagged edges of the 11 holes 9 it is crushed

into separate bubbles, which, floating, become centers of vaporization and intensify the boiling of a stream of superheated water. Due to this, overheated water boils more completely, which leads to a decrease in

5 residual overheating.

The zigzag shape of the threshold, as compared with the linear one, reduces the backwater on the weir, which reduces the water level in the evaporation chambers and reduces the flow rate of water above the threshold. The presence of a perforated sheet with flanged holes allows creating an additional interfacial surface, which contributes to a more complete boiling of water and a decrease in the residual superheat value.

Claims (3)

1. Multistage apparatus of instantaneous boiling up, containing a horizontal body divided into compartments by transverse vertical partitions, overflow devices made in the form of a threshold and a horizontal perforated sheet installed above it, a steam separation device and trays for collecting distillate, characterized in that, in order to intensify the process by reducing the flow rate, the threshold is implemented in the form of a vertical zigzag partition, in contact with protrusions with transverse partitions, between which a perforated sheet is placed along the entire length of the compartment. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the perforated holes sheet made with flared downward. 3. The device on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the edges of the perforated sheet holes are serrated. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. US patent number 3729383, cl. 202-173, 1973. 2. US patent number 3213000, cl. 202-173, 1965. 3. The patent of England N 970999, cl. B 1, 1964.